Forced exhaust device in the bathroom and toilet of a private house. Hood for toilet and bathroom: device and installation
The bathroom is a zone of high humidity and temperature fluctuations. That is why a bathroom hood is of paramount importance. How to choose and install a ventilation system? Such that it successfully fought with fumes, bad smell and dry the walls. After all, wet walls are a direct opportunity for the appearance of mold, insects and germs, disease-causing. If it's time to go beyond throwing open the doors after taking a bath and wiping up the water after a shower, but to take more drastic measures, a bathroom hood is exactly what you need. Noiseless hood or forced, a system with a fan or a device with a timer - all this does not matter, the hood for the toilet and bathroom is a necessity, not a luxury interior accessory. The hood in the bathroom will help get rid of moisture that soaks things and destroys the finishes of walls, ceilings, from smell and mold in the tile joints.
Bathroom: types and features of the hood
When choosing a ventilation system, it is important to know what they are like. So, extracts to the toilet and bathroom can be both natural and forced.
- natural extract operates on the principle of pressure difference between the air in the apartment and outside. Coming from the air intake shaft, the air flows are mixed and displace the exhaust air, replacing it with fresh air. For functionality natural ventilation quite enough open door, windows, or flow from the ventilation duct (there is an exhaust grille in the toilet and bathroom that covers the entrance to the channel).
Important! When the shaft is clogged or broken, the natural air flow stops and you need to either clean the ventilation duct (call the master) or restore the ventilation ducts.
- Forced ventilation- this is a system that works with the help of fans that pump flows clean air or sending waste masses to the air ducts.
If natural ventilation is installed at the construction stage of the building, representing a chain of connected channels located inside the walls and leading to the attic, then a forced ventilation system can be formed at any time interval.
The question of whether a hood is needed in the bathroom can only be answered in the affirmative. But if the new natural system functions perfectly and completely copes with its task, then in case of blockage or breakdown, a forced system is needed. It is set if:
- The natural inflow and outflow of air is not fully carried out;
- The force of the reverse draft is so strong that the hood in the ceiling of the bathroom or on the wall supplies already exhausted air full of unpleasant odors;
- Remodeling of the bathroom with the installation of an electric sauna or a steam generator. In this case, natural ventilation will not cope with the volume of steam and an automatic extractor hood is needed for a reinforced type bathroom.
The choice of device and device for the organization of the ventilation system
To purchase a device that will fully cope with its duties, you need to know some characteristics:
- Electric hood for the bathroom must meet safety standards, be in a sealed enclosure. Drops of water and splashes often reach the ceiling, so even a ceiling hood for a bathroom must be completely protected from exposure to liquid vapors;
- Compliance of the device with quality standards, the presence of certificates, warranty documents and indications of the class of the device (protection not less than IP-34) is a guarantee of the safety of the structure and a long period of flawless operation;
- Extraction performance- Another one required element. If an exhaust hood is installed from the toilet through the bathroom, then the design will process considerable air masses, and a device such as a diametrical fan has an extremely low efficiency and simply cannot cope with the task.
Advice! Paying attention to productivity, start from the figure of 90-100 m3 / h. This is the optimal figure for a middle-class device.
- Appliance power is also important. Performance directly depends on it. If the electric hood in the bathroom is supplemented with humidity sensors, timers or other accessories, the power must be above average!
- Dimensions. The hood in the bathroom should be compact. Even if the area of the room allows you to install climate control, then you should not hang a huge device, it is unaesthetic and completely spoils the look of the room.
Advice! Thanks to the huge range of offered devices, choosing the right fan (hood) is not difficult. Built-in devices are very good, the installation of which is carried out directly in the wall of the mine ventilation duct. Such an extract from the bathroom through the toilet has a low noise level, is able to process sufficient volumes of air, and at the same time it can be both supply and supply and exhaust. That is, depending on the needs, you are provided with both progressive layers of fresh air and the outflow of exhaust streams.
- Device quality does not depend on power and performance, as well as external beauty. In order for the forced exhaust to the bathroom to work for a long time, you should pay attention to customer reviews and the quality standards of the manufacturer;
- Noise level is one of the main criteria. Agree, the size of the bathroom hood is not as important as the noise of the blades. It is not at all interesting to overshadow an evening bath with the howls of a propeller, therefore the maximum noise threshold should be no more than 25 dB, no higher!
- Device cost should be optimal. If the seller pushes a mind-blowingly expensive product, explaining that “you can’t buy cheaper”, this is not the store. You can always pick up a simple and affordable exhaust fan that will perfectly cope with all its duties.
Bathroom fans: types
The functionality of the device is of great importance, so you need to know how to choose a hood for the bathroom. Fans are divided into two types: standard and automatic.
- The standard type is a conventional axial system with a reverse valve that blocks the flow of exhaust air into the room. Such a hood for the kitchen and bathroom works simply: turn on the light - it functions, turn it off - it stops. Convenience and practicality are undeniable, especially if there are small children, forgetful relatives in the house. But when the reception of evening or morning water procedures is long, the standard hood will not cope with big amount pair.
- Automatic type- more advanced and expensive. The device has a special timer that can be set for a certain operating time, and often there is also a hydrostat. With the help of a sensor, the fan (hood) will determine the level of humidity and turn on. For example, an extractor hood with a damper for a bathroom: the device itself opens when it is turned on, and closes the damper at the end - no exhaust air masses and unpleasant odors - very convenient!
Here are the main options for choosing a device. It remains only to choose which kind of extract from the bath through the toilet or from the kitchen to the bathroom you need and install it yourself.
Advice! When installing the appliance, pay attention to the diameter of the hood in the bathroom, especially if you plan to mount the structure in the duct wall. A large diameter may render the device unusable.
In order for the structure to sit firmly, the installation must be carried out at a high level, using self-tapping screws. The seams can be sealed with sealant, so you will reduce the noise level when the fans are running. In some cases, you will need to make a duct for the hood in the bathroom. You can see a photo of the design, as well as get acquainted with the types of fans in the photo gallery located at the bottom of the page.
Advice! The hood must be connected to the power supply. But there are excellent devices that run on batteries, on a battery. They work completely autonomously, regardless of the height of installation and the availability of power. Sometimes such a precaution is very important, especially when it comes to a room with an extremely high level of humidity.
To prevent the occurrence of unpleasant odors in the toilet and the formation of fungus and mold on the walls, rooms of this type are supplied with high-quality ventilation. At the same time, the natural ventilation design does not always cope with its duties, and therefore more efficient electric fans are installed in the toilet or bathroom.
Most of modern apartments even at the stage of construction it is equipped with natural ventilation. But due to the widespread use during repairs plastic windows and doors with a high degree of tightness, as well as due to the banal contamination of the ventilation ducts, the efficiency of such systems is significantly reduced. To solve this problem, forced ventilation with an electric fan is used.
Checking the performance of exhaust structures
To check the correct operation of the ventilation system, you can use the advice of specialists. This will require plain paper sheet, which is applied to ventilation grille in the bathroom or toilet, and if it is held on it by the air flow, then everything is in order with the hood. In turn, if the paper falls on the floor, then you need to think about installing an exhaust fan.
I would like to note that even a normally functioning system does not always cope with its duties, since it works due to the difference in temperatures inside the apartment and on the street. Very often in summer period year, when it is very hot outside, the natural ventilation system becomes completely useless and does not draw unpleasant odors from the toilet.
Varieties of ventilation systems
In the process of choosing an exhaust system for a bathroom or toilet, you first need to understand the principle of operation and the types of devices of this kind. So, the main ventilation systems are divided into natural and forced constructions.
- The principle of operation of a natural hood is based on the temperature difference in the room and outside. The air flows coming from the air intake shaft displace the exhaust gases, saturating the room with fresh oxygen.
- A forced ventilation system is an exhaust hood that functions by means of an electric fan that pumps clean air currents or draws out the exhaust masses through the duct to the street.
If natural ventilation, which consists of a chain of connected channels that are located inside the walls and open into attic space, are mounted at the stage of building construction, then the forced exhaust structure can be equipped at any time convenient for the homeowner.
If you ask professionals about the need to use a forced exhaust system in a bathroom or toilet, then an affirmative answer will immediately follow. This is especially true if natural ventilation is working normally, but due to clogging of the exhaust ducts, it does not fully cope with its functions. Also exhaust fan established in a number of other cases.
- In the case when the natural inflows and outflows of air do not occur in full.
- If the reverse draft is so powerful that the exhaust system in the bathroom or toilet supplies already exhausted air masses saturated with unpleasant odors.
Also, the hood in the toilet or bathroom is installed in the process of redevelopment when combining these premises into a single space. In such a situation, the natural ventilation system does not cope with the task in full and the use of an exhaust fan is mandatory.
Types of fans in the bathroom and toilet
The functionality of ventilation devices has enough great importance, so you need to figure out how to choose a hood for a bathroom or toilet. To date, all exhaust fans can be divided into two types.
- The standard exhaust to the toilet and bathroom is a conventional axial system equipped with a check valve, which is designed to block the flow of exhaust air into the room. Such a system is turned on and off with a light switch, which is quite convenient. But with the formation of large volumes of steam in the process of taking a bath, such a system is ineffective.
- Automatic extraction is a more advanced, but at the same time expensive device. Such devices are equipped with special timers, which are set for a certain time period of operation, and more functional devices equipped with a hydrostat that determines the level of humidity in the room.
Having dealt with the main parameters of the device, it remains only to choose the appropriate system, which you can install yourself without any problems. In this case, fasteners are carried out with standard self-tapping screws or glue.
How not to make a mistake with the choice of exhaust device?
With poor air circulation in the bathroom or toilet, moisture accumulates on the ceiling and walls, due to which mold and fungus form. And due to the lack of windows to let in fresh air from the street, the only right solution would be to install an electric exhaust fan for the toilet or bathroom. At the same time, when buying such a device, you need proceed from the following criteria:
- the total area of the toilet or bathroom to be ventilated;
- the number of residents using the bathroom.
In order to save electricity, it is better to choose exhaust devices with a built-in power regulator and the provided function to disconnect the device from the mains if necessary. To buy an exhaust device that best suits a particular room, you need understand its main features..
Due to the fact that most multi-storey buildings are equipped with a common for several apartments exhaust duct, then when purchasing a ventilation device, you need to choose systems equipped with a check valve. First of all, this is due to the fact that the exhaust air, saturated with unpleasant odors from the ventilation duct, can penetrate back into the room. In addition, the non-return valve protects the room from the penetration of dust, fluff and other dirt from the street.
Features of mounting the hood
Before proceeding with the installation of the ventilation system in the bathroom or toilet, you need to decide on a location exhaust fan. The design of the hood should be placed opposite the door in the upper part of the wall or on the ceiling. In this case, you need to worry about the presence of electrical wiring, of course, if the fan is not equipped with a battery. After choosing a convenient place, you can proceed to the installation, during which experts advise adhere to the following recommendations.
- It is better to mount ventilation for a bathroom or toilet during the repair process in an apartment.
- It is better to connect the fan from the light switch.
- The wiring going to the fan can be hidden in the strobes.
- To greatly simplify the installation process and protect the fan from external influences, in a hole in the wall, insert plastic pipe , which is easily fixed with cement mortar. But before that, you need to connect the device.
- If the ceiling height in the bathroom or toilet is sufficient, then you can use a more functional, albeit complex ventilation structure, built using plastic boxes, fixing the device itself directly above the toilet.
- In the process of connecting the exhaust device, it is important to study in detail the instructions supplied with the fan in order to properly connect it to the mains.
The procedure for installing a hood for a bathroom or toilet should not cause any particular difficulties. To do this, you just need to dismantle the protective cover from the device, apply a special construction adhesive mixture and press the exhaust device on the place prepared in advance and hold for a couple of minutes until the glue sets.
Also, during the operation of the device, it is important with a certain regularity clean the grate from dust and other dirt. For this, a standard household vacuum cleaner or detergent and warm water.
The household exhaust fan is intended for airing of small rooms. The device must have different characteristics depending on the specific space. What should be the exhaust fan?
A variety of fans to ventilate the apartment
There is a wide variety of exhaust devices. The choice of device depends on the combination of certain fan characteristics:
- Exhaust fans for bathrooms must be protected against splashes and condensation. Otherwise short circuit secured;
- For the kitchen, you need to choose a more powerful device than an exhaust fan for the bathroom. This is due to the specifics of the room: during cooking, the air is highly humidified, and odors spread around the room.
Exhaust fan cost
Ventilation devices differ significantly in cost. If the most simple appliances cost several hundred rubles, then you will have to pay more for additional functions. The cost is increased by:
- The presence of a timer;
- The presence of a cord in the kit;
- Presence sensor;
- Humidity controller.
An exhaust fan with a check valve is distinguished by a high cost. The blades of this fan are designed in such a way that they prevent the ingress of air from the ventilation shaft. But at the same time, the air from the room leaves unhindered. This is the main advantage of the exhaust fan: the non-return valve prevents the penetration of unpleasant odors into the apartment.
Leroy Merlin offers a wide range of products for low prices for residents of Moscow, as well as cities of the Moscow region: Balashikha, Podolsk, Khimki, Korolev, Mytishchi, Lyubertsy, Krasnogorsk, Elektrostal, Kolomna, Odintsovo, Domodedovo, Serpukhov, Schelkovo, Orekhovo-Zuevo, Ramenskoye, Dolgoprudny, Zhukovsky, Pushkino, Reutov, Sergiev Posad, Voskresensk, Lobnya, Klin, Ivanteevka, Dubna, Yegorievsk, Chekhov, Dmitrov, Vidnoye, Stupino, Pavlovsky Posad, Naro-Fominsk, Fryazino, Lytkarino, Dzerzhinsky and Solnechnogorsk. You can order the necessary goods online with delivery to all these cities or visit one of our retail stores.
Regular temperature changes and the use of water in the bathroom make it the wettest room in the apartment. Evaporation from hot water settles on horizontal and vertical surfaces in the form of condensate, create a steam room when taking a shower or bath.
As a result of high humidity, pockets of mold form on walls, ceilings and corners. To prevent the development of the fungus, modernize ventilation system. One way to create a comfortable microclimate is to install equipment such as an extractor hood in the bathroom.
It would seem that stagnation in a combined bathroom or bathroom should not exist, since any living space is equipped with natural ventilation. Moreover, a properly planned ventilation system is one of the conditions for comfortable adoption of water procedures.
If it's about apartment buildings, then the scheme includes through ventilation shafts that end in the attic or technical floor and have exits in all bathrooms and kitchens without exception. Moreover, modern norms and rules recommend separate ventilation ducts to each apartment individually.
Previously, channel equipment was used brickwork, now it concrete wells or pvc pipes.
On the scheme of the apartment ventilation device, the lines and exit points of the ventilation openings are indicated. The circulation is arranged in such a way that air enters one room and is removed from another.
Natural ventilation involves the spontaneous circulation of air that exits through holes in the walls or ceiling into a shaft located in the wall ceilings.
The layout of the ventilation system of a private one-story house may differ slightly: most often the shaft begins with a hole in the ceiling and ends with an exit to the roof.
When designing and installing ventilation, the following rules are followed:
- for each room there is a separate air duct located vertically;
- during the construction of channels, one should choose a material that guarantees the unhindered passage of air, that is, with smooth inner walls;
- it is allowed to combine several air ducts into one in the attic area;
- if the toilet and bathroom are located in the same apartment, natural ventilation devices can be connected.
The standard scheme for the movement of air masses in a city apartment: fresh air enters through the windows of the rooms, “used” air exits through the vents in the kitchen, bathroom and toilet
If natural draft does not justify itself, and circulation is not enough to keep the air fresh, forced ventilation is installed - a device that forces air masses to move from rooms to the mine.
Sometimes the device of the forced system is regulated by sanitary norms and rules (SNiP). For example, if a sauna with an electric furnace or a steam generator is installed in the house. In this case, we recommend that you contact a certified organization for special calculations of the required fan power and pipe diameter. Information can always be found on the websites of your city.
When is a hood installed?
Let's try to figure out whether it is possible to independently determine the condition and efficiency of the ventilation system. You don't need any special skills or special tools to check it. There are “markers” that make it easy to recognize the failure of the natural circulation:
- fogging of mirrors and glass surfaces while taking water procedures;
- wet background that does not disappear over time (towels dry slowly);
- the appearance of black dots on the tile joints, in the corners of the ceiling and along the perimeter of the bath - the beginning of the development of fungal foci.
The appearance of mold and fungus is accompanied by an unpleasant odor, gradual destruction decorative finishes walls, but there is a more serious danger - Negative influence on the health of the owners of the apartment.
The consequence of insufficient ventilation is the appearance of mold on the grout in the tile joints. If you do not establish air circulation in time and do not get rid of small foci, the fungus will cover all concrete, plastic, plastered, wooden surfaces
Perhaps the ventilation is faulty. We check in a simple way - with the help of a lit match. If the flame quickly goes out or leans towards the hood, then the reason lies elsewhere, but if it remains motionless, then it is necessary to clean the shaft and the forced ventilation device.
The most popular device that provides maximum air circulation is a fan.
The traditional air movement test is not always effective, for exact definition If there is a sufficient level of circulation, a qualified person with an anemometer should be invited
Do-it-yourself extractor hood in the bathroom
For self-assembly the most suitable fan is inserted into the technical frame and equipped with a hydrostat (humidity sensor). The cost of the device depends on the power, the volume of pumped air and the availability of additional functions.
For example, the simplest electric model with a power of 40 W costs about 3,000 rubles, and a silent German device with a touch sensor and a reverse protection valve costs 12,000 rubles.
One of the simplest options is an inexpensive centrifugal fan with a circular cross section without additional equipment, installed in the center air vent
Preparatory work and installation requirements
Before starting installation work electrical device it is necessary to check whether the ventilation shaft is functioning. Too narrow a passage, clogged with grease and dust, requires cleaning. The homeowner on his own can clean the channel leading from the apartment to the central riser.
To do this, carefully remove the grate, remove a layer of dust from it, rinse detergents and dry. The walls of the channel, covered with dirt, can be treated with a scraper or a stiff brush, then thoroughly vacuumed and wiped with a damp cloth.
It will be possible to clean a small section of the ventilation duct, but even preventive work will improve traction.
The small diameter of the hole makes the ventilation duct difficult to access and does not allow you to properly clean its walls. Use improvised material - hard brushes with handles, brushes
It will not be possible to clean the central highway on its own, since access to common house engineering systems open only to special services. Perhaps it makes sense to consult with the neighbors and leave a group request to have the main shaft professionally cleaned along the entire length of the riser.
Having provided a path to the exit of air from the room, you should take care of supply ventilation. To do this, it is necessary to arrange a gap through which the replacement air would enter the bath. The greater the distance from the inlet to the hood, the more efficient the ventilation will be.
Sometimes it is enough to make a small, 1.5-2 cm wide gap between the door and the threshold, but if there is not enough traction, in the lower part door leaf grate should be installed.
In the diagram, the red arrows indicate the movement of supply ventilation. It must necessarily have access to the bathroom, toilet and kitchen, otherwise the circulation will be disturbed, and the installation of the fan will be useless
The last point is the choice of a ventilation device model with suitable characteristics: correctly selected power, noise level, functional indicators. The device must be safe for others and easy to maintain. Preference is usually given modern models with timer and humidity sensor.
The hydrostat (humidity sensor) responds to high humidity and turns on the device in automatic mode.
Be prepared for the fact that the installation of an electric hood requires additional construction works, including the installation of holes in the wall or ceiling, cable laying with subsequent finishing.
Ways to connect to the power supply
The feasibility of one or another connection method depends on the location of the hood, the features of the interior design and technical capabilities the device itself.
Here are the most common options:
- inclusion by means of the button or a cord;
- simultaneous connection with lighting fixtures;
- automatic switching on by humidity level;
- control of a separate switch key.
It is most convenient to use a fan with automatic control: no force is required: it turns on automatically when the humidity level increases. It can be installed in a wall, in a corner or on the ceiling - in any inaccessible place, because there is no need for daily maintenance.
For the wiring device, they ditch the wall or mount the box.
The only disadvantage of such models is the high price.
The most common way to mask wires is to lay the wires under a layer of ceramic tiles. There is another option - eyeliner in the sub-ceiling space, if hinged plastic panels or drywall
Inexpensive models are usually equipped with a power button or a short cord, which, if necessary, must be pulled. Problems arise if the exhaust outlet is located above the toilet, bathtub or high on the ceiling - this complicates access to the device. If a fan of this type is installed during the repair process, the lace is replaced with a switch, which is located in the accessibility zone, and the leash is led into the wall.
Combining the simultaneous switching on of the lamp and the fan is convenient, but not always rational: one press activates two devices. The fact is that the air does not always have time to ventilate by the time you leave the bathroom, and leaving the light on for the sake of the fan is uneconomical.
Now there are models with delayed fan shutdown. Typically, this is ten minutes by default. Some devices have a minute scale and a lever for self setting. Sometimes there is equipment with a low-power light source - a "night lamp" that burns all the time the fan is running.
A common simple solution is a two-button switch - the lighting can be turned off and the fan left on, and vice versa.
Scheme of connecting a fan to a light source in a bathroom. The switch, as usual, is led out into the corridor, and a junction box with clamps is additionally installed inside the room
If ceramic tile not yet laid, the wiring is best hidden under it. In a completely finished room, you will have to use plastic camouflage boxes. On the background designer tiles they will look out of place, but they will fulfill their main function - ensuring security.
How to properly prepare the installation site?
The ideal place to mount the hood is a vent for natural air circulation leading to a common riser. It is present in all bathrooms and bathrooms and is usually located in the upper part of the main wall, under the ceiling.
The dimensions of the hole allow (during the normal functioning of the system) to pass 100 m³ / h, which is optimal for small bathrooms or combined bathrooms in brick and panel houses typical building.
Before buying a ventilation device, be sure to measure the diameter of the outlet, otherwise, during installation, you will have to further expand or narrow the finished opening
The fan is selected taking into account the dimensions of the outlet. Standard Options diameter - 10 cm, 12.5 cm, 15 cm, respectively, the fan dimensions should be similar. If you have purchased a powerful hood, the dimensions of which more hole, then it can be expanded with a puncher.
Often, the area of bathrooms in private houses and apartments with an improved layout exceeds 10 m², and one ventilation hole is not enough. It is possible to equip an additional channel, however, it is impossible to make changes to the engineering scheme of the premises on your own, you must contact the specialists.
Fan mounting
For self installation basic knowledge of building tools is required and detailed diagram-instruction, which usually comes with the device. Manufacturers who value their reputation describe the installation process in an accessible form and on different languages, accompanying the instructions with clear pictures and diagrams.
The absence of a manual suggests that the company, most likely, will not give guarantees and will not be responsible for the breakdown of the device.
Bathroom fans are made of light material, have a compact size and a high level of protection against moisture ingress
So, having cleaned the ventilation duct, stretched the electrical wires and prepared the hole for installation, we act in the following order:
- remove the upper decorative grille from the device;
- check the conformity of the dimensions of the channel and the fan;
- we fix the device in the hole (or pipe, if it is necessary to narrow the opening) using sealant, polymer glue, liquid nails or self-tapping screws;
- close the joints and the remaining gaps;
- return the grid to its place;
- connect the device to a power source;
- testing.
The installation process takes no more than 20 minutes, so we advise you not to rush and do all the manipulations carefully. If there was a thin mosquito net between the grill and the mechanism, be sure to put it back. It protects the premises from small insects, which sometimes penetrate the bathroom through the ventilation shaft.
We offer you to watch a video instruction for installing a fan with your own hands:
Before you make a hood in the bathroom or bathroom, you need to pick up a fan with desired characteristics. A device with insufficient functionality will not be able to provide a comfortable atmosphere in the room, so you should carefully study all the characteristics of the model you like.
The table of air exchange rates presents the parameters that are optimal for various residential and utility rooms. Maximum values - in rooms with a high level of humidity
Pay attention to power. The minimum indicator is 60 m³ / h, the maximum is 250 m³ / h, devices with a capacity of less than 100 m³ / h are not recommended to be installed. The moisture protection class is also important, it is usually marked with the letters IP and for special wet rooms, for example, bathrooms, has an IP value of 34 and higher.
The main protection is a sealed case, so carefully inspect the device at the time of purchase.
If you love comfort and modern technical improvements, pay attention to models with motion sensors, which turn on the mechanism only in the presence of moving objects.
However, more useful is a humidity sensor - a hydrostat. If it is present, the need for control over ventilation is completely eliminated, since it is sensitive to an increase in humidity and independently controls the process of air circulation.
The power of the exhaust fan for the Marley CB-100 bathroom is only 1 watt during continuous operation. Touch settings make adjustments easy, while automation makes maintenance easier.
The timer is useful for those who like everything in order and are used to independently regulating the operation of electrical appliances. You can set the time most convenient for airing, and the device will function when you take a shower or, on the contrary, have finished water procedures.
Another important addition to apartment buildings- check valve. It serves as a barrier to the movement of air from other rooms (kitchens, neighboring apartments). And the last thing that should interest you is the level of noise emitted by the device during operation. The maximum comfort limit is 25 dB.
Tips for choosing a bathroom fan in the following video:
If you are used to making repairs in your own apartment on your own, it will not be difficult to figure out the device of the fan and its installation.
However, we recommend entrusting the construction of a new ventilation duct or cleaning the central line to specialists.
Engineering equipment is mainly associated with heating, gas and water supply systems. Recently, more and more attention modern houses and apartments are given and climate technology, including humidifiers, air conditioners and disinfectants. Ventilation equipment has always occupied a special niche, since its use requires more technical and financial investments. For example, the organization of a ventilation duct with installation work costs much more than installing a split system. Manufacturers understand this, optimizing their products. As a result, a modern toilet hood with a fan is a fairly compact device, equipped with wide functionality and ergonomic controls.
The principle of operation of exhaust ventilation
The basic solution for ventilation in apartment buildings is usually natural ventilation through the technical channels provided for this. The essence of this method is the exchange of exhaust air for fresh air from the street. However, this method, due to the temperature difference in different time year does not always work. Therefore, more than effective solution in the form of forced draft. It is implemented by the exhaust fan. For bathrooms and toilets, small wall ducts are usually provided, in which a rectangular or cylindrical pipe is arranged to provide air passage. The injection of fresh masses is carried out by a fan, which can also be provided with filtration devices for pre-cleaning air.
Features for the toilet
Firstly, such devices are compact in size. For aesthetic reasons, as well as for technical and structural standards, the channel and its communications in the bathroom should be compact. Most often, the device is discreetly located at the top of one of the walls facing either the central ventilation shaft or directly onto the street. Secondly, both the external coatings of the housing, which houses the toilet hood with a fan, and its design features are oriented towards protection from external influences. If we are talking about a toilet combined with a shower and bath, then protection can be expressed in an enhanced water-repellent function in the first place. Manufacturers produce special modifications in which special insulators protect the electrical filling of the fan and communications from splashes, through which it is supplied with energy.
Axial fan models
A very common solution, which is popular due to its optimized design and generally familiar device. The device is a cylindrical body, which contains a small wheel with blades. The impeller is integrated directly into the electric motor system, mounted on its functional axis. Accordingly, in the process of rotation of the blades, the exhaust air is also displaced with the injection of fresh flows. Before entering the ventilation system, a collector is also installed, which improves the electrodynamic qualities of the device. In this design, a classic fan in a toilet of this type can also be implemented, which makes it easy to block access to cold air in winter time. Today, there are practically no models in which such valves are not structurally provided. Another thing is that this component of the system can be managed in different ways.
Radial designs
Fans of radial type are located in a spiral casing. During the operation of the paddle wheel, the air masses entering the intercostal channels move in the radial direction relative to the wheel periphery. Then they are compressed and, under the influence of centrifugal force, retreat into the casing, and then are sent to the discharge outlet. The functional component, that is, the same fan wheel, is a hollow cylinder, in which the blades are located with equal indents from each other. Despite the complexity of the design, such fans with an exhaust valve in the toilet can be useful not only from the point of view of sanitary tasks, but also for financial reasons. If you use models with backward-curved blades, then, according to experts, energy savings can be about 20%. In addition, radial models easily carry loads with excess air flow relative to the recommended values.
System installation
To begin with, the optimal location is selected. It should be located high and as far as possible from other points of intake or air inflow. Next, a hole is formed with a diameter corresponding to the fan housing. This is done using a puncher or other power tool, which, in principle, is capable of forming a niche with a depth of about 30 cm and a thickness of 15-20 cm. Then it is necessary to draw communication lines and introduce the structure into the created hole. Typically, a toilet hood with a fan provides battery power - again to increase safety in terms of moisture protection, but with proper insulation, a 220 V power line can also be installed. mounting foam or special adhesives. decorative design section is carried out by means of complete plugs and panels with gratings.
Fan control system
Ergonomics, efficiency and to a large extent will depend on the way the ventilation unit is controlled. Initially, all models can be divided into two types - with manual and automatic, that is, electronic, control. The first option is used less and less because it requires the user to self closing and opening the same valves. Electric models or a toilet hood with a battery operated fan eliminate the need for manual control of the device. Moreover, the latest modifications with intelligent control themselves react to changes in the air and temperature environment, making appropriate decisions on setting the fan operation mode. The concept of combining a fan with a function is also popular. The device will operate automatically every time the user turns on the light. That is, the cleaning of local air will be logically carried out at the moments of its pollution.
How to check the performance of the equipment?
The inspection should be carried out at the first sign of unsatisfactory operation of the equipment, as well as after installation or repair. It will allow you to find out how productive and efficient the fan is. The simplest way involves the use of a paper sheet that must be attached to the grate leading to the fan. A properly working device will press it against the panel and hold it, preventing it from falling. If the toilet hood with a fan does not hold the attached sheet against its grate and it falls, then there are problems of either a structural or electrical nature. Solve both possible problems only a complete uninstallation of the device with subsequent troubleshooting will help.
Manufacturers and prices
The development and direct manufacture of such devices are carried out by both manufacturers of climate systems and companies that produce household appliances. In the first category, brands such as S&P, FRESH, Xpelair, JSC and ERA are trustworthy. In the second category, attention should be paid to high-quality and functional technique MIELE and AEG. In the initial segment, the extract to the toilet with a fan is estimated at an average of 500-600 rubles. These are the simplest devices with the absence of modern options and, in terms of their capabilities, are more reminiscent of ordinary channels of natural circulation. For 1000-1500 it is quite possible to purchase a high-quality assembled from eco-friendly materials multifunctional system with radial fan.
How to choose the optimal model?
When choosing a toilet fan, several groups of parameters are taken into account. First of all, this is a structural design - the shape of the case, the diameter and type of the fan itself. Next, performance indicators are determined, among which are the throughput and characteristics of the power supply system. When deciding which fan for the exhaust hood in the toilet is better, one cannot do without ergonomic nuances. To date optimal solution in terms of convenience, this is a fan that will be combined with a common climate infrastructure. The most advanced devices involve automated control from a central controller. And here it is worth dwelling in more detail on the functions that can be included in such an infrastructure.
What to consider in functionality?
The concept of a "smart" home suggests that even a modest fan in a toilet or bathroom should be provided with a wide range of control sensors. In particular, the basic set includes presence sensors and humidity controllers. Based on the readings of the sensitive elements, the operating mode of the device is selected. For example, a fan with an exhaust damper to the toilet will, depending on the state of the air, regulate both the speed of rotation of the blades and the throughput of the valve. Less technologically advanced and at the same time more affordable devices do without complex automation and work according to timer settings. This is the most popular solution among ordinary owners of city apartments.
Conclusion
The transition from natural ventilation to exhaust systems gained popularity against the background of the structural simplification of fans. If earlier these were loud and not always visually attractive units, today most models are distinguished by both aesthetic merits and comfort in operation. Silent toilet fans are widely represented on the market, the operation of which is practically not felt. You can only feel the process of air renewal with the influx of fresh masses. At the same time, there is no risk of filling the room with excessively cold air in winter, since temperature control will be triggered in the electronic filling with sensors.
