How to grow large healthy garlic. How to grow large garlic in the garden. What is the difference between spring and winter garlic
Gardener 24
Probably any gardener grows garlic. This is an excellent additive for various dishes, as well as a therapeutic and effective remedy - during the period of the influenza virus, the phytoncides of this vegetable protect against the disease, it makes it possible to fully gain strength after an illness.
Growing garlic is not such a difficult task if you follow the care technology during growth, find out its biological specifics, and then organize competent storage. And let the cloves from your garden be not as attractive as those similar in appearance and the Chinese taste like plastic vegetables, but they are very healthy and environmentally friendly. When to squeeze garlic before winter? This problem is of interest to many summer residents, since everyone wants to have a high-quality and full-fledged crop in their garden.
Several nuances will affect the time of planting garlic before winter:
- The ability of garlic to endure winter time well.
- Productivity.
Garlic is conditionally divided into two types - spring and winter. The latter is frost-resistant and is used before winter. The first type of garlic is planted in the spring, it does not wait out the winter in the ground, and the yield of spring garlic is much worse. But it has a more delicate and aromatic taste. It is advisable to grow two types of this vegetable.
Planting garlic before winter occurs in late autumn, a week before the arrival of frost. In areas of the middle zone, the planting time of this crop falls on October. In the southwest with mild climatic conditions, this vegetable can be planted at the end of November. If you do not hurry up with the landing, then the cultures will not have time to take root, and this main reason death in winter. Not rooted enough, they will not be able to give a good yield. During deep planting of seeds - more than 10 centimeters, the time of their planting can be slightly delayed. During deep planting, seeds give crusts better and tolerate frost well.
Podzimnaya landing
How to plant garlic in the fall? Eat special equipment cultivation of this culture:
- Selection and preparation of seeds.
- Land preparation for landing.
- Planting, crop rotation is taken into account.
- Plant care.
Purple garlic is the most popular variety for planting in the fall. This culture is unpretentious and resistant to winter frosts. Under normal conditions, the storage time of plants and seeds is approximately one year.
Preparation of raw materials for planting
In order for the cultivation of garlic to be effective, it is desirable to choose high-quality planting raw materials. Bulbs must be dense and large, without any signs of deformation and disease. Before planting the head of garlic, it is broken into bulbs and the largest cloves of the outer row, with a dense peel, are sorted out for planting. It is imperative to break off the bottom with your hands, where the roots have grown before, otherwise the growth of the bulbs will be delayed, and the head will not be so large in size due to the death of the root system.
Before planting, the material must undergo a disinfection process in a light composition of potassium permanganate. Also for these purposes, light inkstone. Paul Art. l. solution is mixed with 5 l. water. Also a good option- make a porridge from water and tree ashes and pour raw materials for planting on it - then plant it on the beds.
Preparation and selection of the landing site
Garlic can be planted in fertile sandy or loamy soil with a neutral pH. Places close by groundwater not suitable for growing garlic. It is not advisable to plant garlic in an area that is fertilized with organic matter. In this soil, the vegetable actively begins to grow green mass, and begins to bear fruit with soft and pimply heads. In addition, organic additions reduce the degree of disease resistance of a given crop.
In order to have a high-quality and high-grade harvest, a sunny area is necessary for planting garlic.
How to plant garlic? First you need to dig beds one meter wide and rows that will be in the eastern position.
A place for garlic should be dug up in autumn to a depth of 30 cm, clearing the ground of the remnants of weeds and other weeds. After that, compost is added to the landing site - 2 buckets of compost are required per square meter. and drugs that contain phosphorus and potassium - 25 grams of the drug per territory of the same size.
How to plant garlic with teeth in the fall?
Most correct scheme planting garlic on the ridges - 10 x 20 centimeters. Embedding teeth to a depth of 11-16 cm, taking into account the time of disembarkation, which are described above. After planting the garlic, the area is covered with compost. In areas with a cold climate, thick-layer mulching of crops is required. Fallen leaves or spruce branches can be used as mulch.
The best previous crops before planting garlic are peas, beans, pumpkins, tomatoes and cabbage of any kind. It is not advisable to plant garlic in the place where it was previously located: potatoes, carrots, onions. These vegetables, like the culture itself, are very demanding on a high amount of potassium in the soil. Therefore, in a year they take away all the reserves of this element in the earth.
For those gardeners who do not have the opportunity to comply with the requirements of crop rotation, after harvesting garlic, you can plant vetch peas. In autumn, this place is thoroughly dug up and several buckets of humus, ashes and phosphorus-potassium preparations are added. Peas disinfect the earth, make it looser and enrich it with nitrogen.
During cultivation, garlic needs careful care - periodic weeding, watering, adding fertilizers and removing weeds.
How to grow garlic from air bulbs?
During the constant renewal of the arrowing types of garlic with the help of bulbs, you can achieve excellent results and harvest garlic, which will have a weight of up to 180 gr.
Vegetables grown from bulbs in spring time, have high resistance to insects and diseases. At the same time, this method of cultivation makes it possible to save on planting raw materials.
A high-quality and full-fledged crop, which is obtained from air bulbs, is expected for several years. If the planting of garlic took place in the spring, then at the end of summer small single-pronged heads are formed. In the second year, large heads of garlic are obtained from them. In the southern regions, garlic is planted with bulbs at the end of August.
The landing site must be prepared in the fall. In the spring, when the threat of frost has passed, the bulbs are placed in grooves 6 cm deep with a distance of about 4 cm between them. On a territory of 1 m2, approximately 33-37 small onions are needed.
Planting garlic in the spring
Spring garlic is planted in the spring. Spring garlic has the best preservation, but is inferior to winter garlic in terms of yield.
How to plant garlic in the spring? Although it is a frost-resistant vegetable, however, spring garlic does not withstand frost well. A few weeks before planting on the site, the seeds must go through a stratification process in the refrigerator. After that, they are disinfected by lowering the raw materials into a light saline or manganese solution.
Planting spring garlic in the spring is carried out in the already heated ground. The best landing site is a place with light loamy or loamy soil. Preparation of the site for planting seeds is done in the autumn. The territory is fertilized with organic preparations, and, if necessary, deoxidized with dolomite flour or notice. In the spring, the earth is loosened and leveled.
Estimated sowing time is the end of April. The territory is deeply dug up, leveled and watered with saline - 4 tbsp. l. for 12 l. water.
Seeds are planted to a depth of several centimeters with a distance of 9 cm between them. Between the beds maintain a distance of at least 25 cm. proper care- constant watering, fertilizing, weeding and normal temperature. Constant warmth in spring is the main condition good growth garlic and its subsequent fruiting.
Video - growing garlic
05.05.2016
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How to grow large garlic in the garden?
All summer residents and gardeners grow a valuable vitamin, but only a small part knows how to grow large garlic so that the harvest will please not only the owners, but also surprise the neighbors. Known methods of planting and proper care sometimes do not bring the desired results, despite all the efforts and efforts. Is there a special secret of growing or is it enough to follow certain rules, we will figure it out in this article ...
Spring or winter garlic?
Beginning vegetable growers often confuse winter garlic with spring garlic, important feature consists in planting, the first is planted in the fall, the last in the spring. It is worth confusing and you can not wait for the harvest. Winter garlic is characterized by the presence of a small even number of aligned cloves (4,6,8) and a central stem, which spring does not have. Spring garlic cloves tend to vary in size and shape.
A spring vegetable is well stored in winter, a winter vegetable is more suitable for fresh consumption, while young, subject to storage conditions, it can lie for a long period of time. It should be taken into account that the yield of spring garlic is relatively lower than that of winter garlic.
in the photo - winter garlic 
in the photo - spring garlic
A characteristic feature of a vegetable is its poor adaptability to change. climatic conditions cultivation, it is necessary to constantly and carefully select planting material. When choosing garlic for growing in the country, pay attention to the variety. Breeders are constantly working to increase productivity, keeping quality, winter hardiness and early maturity.
The most successful varieties of winter garlic are Antonnik, Zaoksky, Zubrenok, Losevsky, Nadezhny, Yubileiny. There are not so many summer (spring) varieties, but it is possible to purchase, Abrek, Ershovsky, Sterlitokamsky, Moscow, Bronnitsky, Kalininsky white, Rostovsky are popular among them.
Fertilizer bed for a good harvest
It is advisable to place the garlic ridge in a sunny place, without stagnant water and close flow of groundwater. Excessive moisture accumulating in the ground leads to poor growth, in most cases, fungal diseases. Can fix the situation high bed. If everything is in order with the water in the garden, pay attention to the previous crops grown on the ridge before garlic.
All sorts of varieties and types of onions, garlic, potatoes, tomatoes, radishes, eggplants and beets are poor predecessors, agronomists consider the best (mustard, clover, alfalfa, oats), zucchini, strawberries (strawberries), cucumbers, peas, pumpkin. Planting after root crops and nightshades increases the risk of diseases, leading to a decrease in the size of the head of garlic.
in the photo - a bed of garlic was mulched for the winter
In the autumn months, the ground is prepared 10-14 days before the intended planting, the soil will settle and the teeth will not sink. Deep planting leads to small teeth, poor storage. It is recommended to prepare a bed for spring planting in the fall, fertilizers will have time to transform into a digestible form for plants, supplying garlic with nutrients in early spring in the first days after planting. Dig the soil to the depth of the shovel bayonet, add either humus, at the rate of 5-8 kg / m².
Depending on the soil, sand, sod land, peat are additionally added, achieving water and air permeability. Light loose earth, seasoned, favorably affects the cultivation of large garlic. Impossibility of making organic dressings V the right amount, can be replaced with mineral fertilizer complexes (30-40 g / m²).
How to prepare garlic for planting?
Growing large garlic is accompanied by the stage of preparing cloves for planting in open ground, regardless of the time of year. Preventive measures aimed at protecting the cloves from various pests and diseases during the growth process improve the protective properties of the plant and increase the quality of the future harvest.
Select planting material, discard diseased, rotten, moldy cloves. You can’t peel the garlic before planting, you just need to separate a couple of cloves and inspect for defects. If the head has a damaged tooth, do not use it for planting to avoid infection. It is recommended to divide the head of garlic into teeth immediately before planting in the garden, and not a month in advance, as many novice vegetable growers do.
After examining for diseases, select the largest teeth, only from them you can get a large good garlic. It is worth noting that a small number of cloves (2-3) in the head, the presence of fused (double) ones, indicates the degeneration of the vegetable, such planting material cannot be used for cultivation, the harvest from such plantings will be small and of poor quality.
in the photo - soaking winter garlic in potassium permanganate before planting
Disinfection of garlic before planting can be carried out in various ways, one of them is soaking in an ash solution. To prepare, take 300 grams of wood ash, boil in two liters of water, cool, carefully separate the light part of the contents, immerse the cloves in it for one hour. Use potassium permanganate (1%), Fitosporin-M or solution blue vitriol(1%) by immersing the garlic in the liquid for 20-30 minutes.
Preparing spring garlic for spring planting has special requirements. If the storage conditions were not observed (plus temperature 5-8 ºС and optimum humidity 30-50%), a month before the proposed planting, the garlic is placed in the cold, where the air temperature will be in the range from -3 to +2 ºС. At home, a refrigerator can serve as such a place. During the day, the planting material is removed, heated to room temperature, immersed in a disinfectant solution, then immersed in a growth stimulator (, Potassium Humate) for 12 hours. Such cooling contributes to the cultivation of heads with a large mass.
Planting in spring and autumn
Planting garlic in early spring begins at times that are different for all regions, but the months of April and May serve as a guideline, the main criterion for proper planting is the soil temperature exceeding zero degrees. As soon as the snow thawed, the sun warmed up - it's time to plant the cloves in moist soil without watering, it is recommended to water dry soil.
The distance between rows is 0.15-0.20 meters, between plants 9-10 centimeters, focusing on the subsequent ease of processing garlic. It is advisable to increase the openings and gaps between plants when combining plantings. The depth of spring placement of teeth is small, 2-3 centimeters. You can mulch garlic beds in the spring immediately after planting in the ground with peat, other materials - after germination.
in the photo - planting garlic
Autumn planting of garlic before winter is carried out in September or October, taking into account the regional affiliation of the cultivation zone. In the central and middle parts of Russia, the season starts from last week September and the first days of October, in the southern regions and in the Kuban, the dates are shifted closer to October 14-18. The cloves should take root before winter, but do not germinate, then the garlic will calmly winter and bring a big harvest.
Scheme autumn planting does not differ from spring, the difference is only in depth. It is necessary to plant to a depth of 3-5 centimeters from the top of the clove to the surface of the soil, shallow embedding increases the risk of freezing in the winter months, especially in snowy and frosty winters. Experienced gardeners recommend pouring sand or wood ash at the bottom of the furrows, adding at times reduces the likelihood of rotting of the bottom.
The soil on the beds is equal, the plantings are mulched with peat, rotted sawdust. The use of straw as mulch is recommended in areas where there are no rodents, otherwise they will winter there. The layer of mulching material should be at least 2-3 centimeters. Garlic planted in autumn is not watered. With the advent of sharp frosts without snow, it is necessary to cover the ridges with roofing material or a thick film, and remove it when snow appears.
Big Garlic Secrets
According to gardeners, simple tricks allow you to grow a wonderful healthy crop that will be perfectly stored. Let us dwell on the most significant points, the observance of which will invariably lead to garlic happiness:
- Planting rule - stick into the ground in time, you will always be with the harvest;
- The right choice of variety is essential important point, low-yielding varieties with poor disease resistance will never produce large heads, always remember this;
- Planting material update. After three years, garlic begins to shrink and degenerate, it is necessary to carry out rehabilitation by growing a vegetable through bulbs;
- (during the growing season no more than 3 times), the best fertilizer considered organic, but in moderation. Excess nutrients leads to yellowing of foliage and diseases;
- Breaking out arrows in arrowed varieties speeds up the process of maturation of the head, and also makes it larger;
- Leaf tying is carried out in order to stimulate the outflow of nutrients from the leaves into the bulb. The method is rarely used for winter plantings, and spring garlic is tied to accelerate maturation and weight gain of the head, the garlic will grow larger;
- Water abundantly on early stages growth, in the second half of the growing season, irrigation is minimized;
- The use of mulch favorably affects the growth of the garlic head and garlic in general, especially on hot days (temperatures above +25 ºС inhibit the development of the vegetable). Mulch will save the root system from overheating, retain moisture for a longer period.
The vast majority of modern gardeners practice planting garlic, but not everyone is satisfied with the quality and quantity of crops. The study of agricultural techniques, their successful application in practice is guaranteed to help any vegetable grower achieve excellent results concerning the cultivation of this useful crop.
Some inexperienced summer residents may not be aware that garlic is winter or spring. The timing, methods of growing these two varieties of plants have certain differences.
Winter garlic gives arrows, demonstrates high resistance to frost. It is planted in autumn, winters in the ground, during the next season it forms a central trunk, a full-fledged head with a small number (necessarily even) of aligned teeth.
A novice vegetable grower should find out that spring garlic from bulbs practically does not give arrows. Planting is carried out in the spring, the shelf life of the bulbs is quite long, but the yield indicators are inferior to the winter variety. teeth may have different sizes, differ in form. A lot of useful information in the article:
Features and rules for arranging beds for planting garlic
A gardener who decides: how to plant garlic should competently approach the issue of arranging beds for planting. The priority is to allocate a site well-lit by the sun to the plants, in the perimeter of which moisture will not stagnate, and the occurrence of groundwater will be quite deep. This is explained by the fact that the accumulation of excess moisture in the ground can lead to poor growth and the development of fungal diseases. Alternatively, you can give preference to the formation of high beds.
When deciding how to grow garlic on heads, you need to keep in mind that not all plants that grew earlier on the ridge will be good predecessors for this culture. In particular, it is advisable to refuse planting if before that onions, radishes, tomatoes, beets, eggplants or potatoes grew in the selected area of \u200b\u200bthe garden. But the choice of beds, where previously there were green manure (alfalfa, oats, clover, mustard), strawberries, strawberries, zucchini, pumpkin, peas, cucumbers, will surely turn out to be a win-win option.
A summer resident who is interested in how to grow winter garlic in a greenhouse will need to prepare the beds in the fall 10 to 14 days before the planned planting. This will ensure the shrinkage of the soil and eliminate excessive deepening of the teeth. Otherwise, the grown heads will be too small and will not store well.
The ridge for spring planting is also prepared in the fall, so that the applied fertilizers will have enough time to transform into a mass that is easily absorbed by plants. Digging up the earth is carried out to a depth equal to the bayonet of a shovel, then humus or compost is added in the amount of 5-8 kg / sq.m.
The vegetable grower, faced with the problem of how to grow garlic in the open field, must pay attention to the quality of the land. The plant likes loose, light soil. According to experienced gardeners, its properties can be improved by adding sand, sod land, peat, organic fertilizers. If it is impossible to use the proper amount of organic matter, it is allowed to replace it with the selected mineral complex (30 - 40 g / sq.m.).
Preplant preparation of garlic
Having studied the information on the topic: how to grow Chinese or green garlic, then you should correctly approach the choice of planting material. It is very important to decide on varieties, hybrids suitable for growing in a particular climatic region.
Having learned how to grow large garlic, you need to carry out preplant preparation of cloves before placing them in open ground. To this end, it will be necessary to carry out a number of preventive measures to ensure protection against diseases, pests, and improve the quality of the crop.
When deciding how much to grow garlic, you need to pay attention to the need to change planting material every 3 years. Failure to comply with this recommendation can lead to the degeneration of culture.
Initially, it will be necessary to select teeth for planting, rejecting those that have signs of disease, decay, mold. Peeling garlic before planting is not recommended. It is enough to separate a pair of cloves in order to identify defects during their inspection.
Heads with detected damage will not be suitable for planting. An inexperienced vegetable grower may try to separate them long before they are placed in the soil (a month or more). This is not true. A similar procedure is performed immediately before disembarkation. At the end of the inspection, the largest bulbs should be selected. It is from them that garlic of large sizes will be grown.
To disinfect garlic, experienced vegetable growers use various ways. One of the most effective methods immersion of planting material in an ash solution is considered. To do this, you need wood ash (300 gr.), Which must be boiled in water (2 l). Then the light part is separated from the resulting broth. In it, the teeth are aged for one hour.
It is also practiced to place garlic for half an hour in a solution of potassium permanganate (1%) or copper sulfate (1%). The use of Fitosporin-M has proven itself well.
Gardeners have special requirements for the preparation of spring garlic. If the planting material was stored with deviations from the optimal regime (temperature + 5 ... + 8 ° С, humidity 30 - 50%), 30 days before the planned disembarkation, it must be taken out to the cold (- 3 ... + 2 ° С). For example, preplant storage of garlic in the refrigerator is practiced. Thanks to this cooling, heads with a large weight will subsequently be grown.
Before planting (per day), the garlic should have time to warm up to room temperature. Next, a disinfection procedure is carried out, after which the teeth will need to be exposed to a growth stimulator (Epin, Potassium Humate) for half a day by immersion in a solution.
Features of planting garlic
The vegetable grower will need to properly plan the planting event. Looking through the recommendations on how to grow garlic in large heads from seeds, we can conclude that in different regions the time of this procedure may vary.
Spring planting culture
When planning a spring planting, you need to focus on April, May. The main factor indicating the possibility of its implementation is the heating of the soil to a temperature exceeding zero. Usually such an event is carried out after the snow melts, when Sun rays The ground has already warmed up.
In spring, planted cloves are planted in moist soil to a shallow depth (2-3 cm), the interval between them is 9-10 cm, the recommended distance between rows is in the range: 15-20 cm. After shoots appear, it is allowed to mulch the beds using peat, other materials.
Autumn planting garlic
As a rule, planting garlic for the winter is carried out in the period: September - October, taking into account the regional affiliation of the cultivation zone. Gardeners living in the central or middle zone of our state carry out such an event in the last September week or in the first October days. Vegetable growers, whose plots are located to the south, are decisive: when to plant winter garlic, they try to carry out this procedure in mid-October.
If the planting dates are calculated correctly, the cloves will have the opportunity to take root before frost without germination, which will ensure their calm wintering and will guarantee a large harvest. This will also eliminate the question from the gardener: why does the garlic turn yellow in the spring - what to do, since the cloves will not be subjected to winter freezing.
The autumn planting scheme is similar to the spring one, however, the depth of embedding into the ground should be increased to 3-5 cm.
Excessively shallow deepening of garlic cloves can lead to their freezing if the winter turns out to be little snowy, too cold. A layer of sand or wood ash can be poured into the furrows formed in the soil.
Next, the soil will need to be leveled, mulched with a layer of rotted sawdust or peat (2-3 cm thick). It is advisable to refuse the use of straw because of the possible wintering of rodents in it. Garlic planted in the fall does not need watering. If the snow has not yet fallen, but sharp frosts are observed, it is necessary to provide shelter for the ridges in the form of roofing material, a thick film. After a snowfall, such protection is removed.
Rules for caring for garlic in the garden
Caring for garlic in the garden, you can not ignore the conduct of timely top dressing. During the vegetative period, a maximum of three times fertilizer is applied.
As practice shows, the most effective top dressing garlic is performed using organic matter. To do this, you can use a solution of mullein (1: 10) or bird droppings (1: 12). For a second procedure, it is worth using a solution of ash (200 g) in water (10 l). Applying an excess amount of fertilizer can lead to a situation: garlic leaves turn yellow, various diseases of the crop.
Excessive watering of plants is not welcome. Irrigation of dry land with water at the rate of 10 l / m2 with a subsequent week break will be optimal. As it matures, the amount of water decreases to 6 - 8 l / sq.m. 
In anticipation of harvesting (14 days in advance), irrigation activities should be stopped.
Winter varieties are watered more abundantly. In winter, the imposition of snow on the ridges will justify itself. The soil after irrigation should be carefully loosened by 2 - 3 cm (in the presence of mulch, this procedure is not performed). In addition, the vegetable grower should carry out systematic weeding of the crop. In order to subsequently obtain a large number of large heads, it will be necessary to remove the arrows in time.
Collection, storage of crops
Experienced vegetable growers know: when garlic is harvested, the possibility of performing such a procedure is judged by the leaves that begin to wither.
In addition, conclusions can be drawn about the maturity of garlic by observing the arrows left for control: they turn from milky twisted ones into vertically aligned ones, crack in the bulb area.
If there is a need to find out: how to store garlic, you need to take into account that the dug out specimens are subjected to removal of the roots, as well as the stem indented from the head by 12 cm. Next, the crop is dried in the sun. After the upper scales are completely dry, they are removed. The heads are tied into bundles, which are then placed in jars with the stumps down. In this form, they will be perfectly stored for a long time.
Turning yellow garlic leaves
An inexperienced gardener may be concerned about the question: garlic turns yellow - what to do to get rid of such a scourge? There may be several reasons for such a decline. The most common cases are listed below.
A vegetable grower, faced with a problem: why garlic leaves turn yellow, roots die off, should not discount the infection of the plant with fusarium. As practice shows, good results gives the use of the fungicide Quadris.
Studying the information: why winter garlic turns yellow, it should be noted that this can be triggered by planting a crop in the country in soil with high acidity. To remedy the situation, you will need to add lime to the ground (30 - 50 kg / 100 sq.m.) before spring digging.
When deciding why garlic leaves turn yellow, too little nitrogen in the soil cannot be discounted. This substance can quickly be washed out of the soil. Its deficiency is compensated by the application of nitrogenous fertilizers. The best time for similar procedure it will be early spring.
Growing garlic at home in winter
Many vegetable growers are sure that it is quite possible to grow garlic at home during the winter months. Prepared teeth should be planted in containers on the windowsill filled with soil. Next, the containers must be placed in a place well lit by the sun. When deciding how to grow garlic at home, it is necessary to provide the plants with sufficient watering, avoiding dryness or excessive moisture in the soil. You can count on the appearance of sprouts in an apartment on the balcony after 20 - 30 days.
A healthy addition to the family diet
Proper implementation of planting, agricultural techniques will be the key to obtaining a large number of large garlic heads. Self-grown tasty, healthy garlic, containing many valuable vitamins and minerals, will be an excellent addition to the family diet all year round. You can check out the article:
It's hard to believe that garlic was once almost never used in the kitchen. Today there are more than 600 species of this amazing plant. It would seem that there is nothing difficult in growing it, I planted the largest cloves and got large bulbs. But this is a complete delusion, because the plant requires sufficient moisture and light, timely planting and harvesting, as well as light soil.
On sale you can find dozens of varieties of garlic, which differ in shape, color and number of cloves. Winter (winter) varieties are considered the most productive. Such plants have heads with a hardened arrow and are frost-resistant.
Spring (spring) garlic is inferior to winter garlic in yield, but it is better stored.
Winter varieties
The leader in size and yield is elephant garlic Rocambole. The diameter of the head can be 15 cm, the total weight is 1 kg, an individual clove is 20 g.
Lyubasha can be recognized by her pink color with purple streaks. Its teeth are large, reaching up to 20 g, heads up to 300 g.
The Bogatyr variety has impressive bulbs, up to 85 g. The advantage of this type is resistance to nematodes and good keeping quality.
Spring varieties
Among spring crops, one can single out a rounded-flat species of Gulliver, the bulb of which weighs 120 g and consists of 5 teeth.
What garlic likes when growing:
Garlic is mostly unpretentious, but there are special cultivation requirements for the plant that should be taken into account.
shade or sun
Lack of sun is one of the most common problems that can be encountered when growing garlic. This condition negatively affects the productivity of the plant. Plot with garlic should receive 3-4 hours sunlight. The beds are made from west to east to achieve uniform lighting.
what kind of soil does garlic like
Garlic grows best in a sunny, well-drained area. In addition, loose (crumbly), loamy soil is suitable for it. The place should be evenly damp, but a dry, heavy area will lead to irregular shape bulbs. Every year, organic matter and a little sand are added under each bush, which makes the site loose.
Acid and heavy soils are contraindicated for the cultivation of garlic.
The acidity of the site is determined with a special device or observed for the growth of weeds. For example, lovers of sourness are sedge, horsetail and sorrel.
does garlic like ashes
The introduction of ash will not only enrich the soil, but also feed the plant with potassium-phosphorus minerals.
For the full growth of garlic, an organic product is used, but the ashes from synthetic items for feeding are unsuitable. Sometimes the ashes are prepared for the future and are initially applied during the preparation of the beds: in early autumn for the winter and in early spring for the spring species. The consumption rate of natural fertilizer depends on the composition and condition of the soil. As a top dressing, ash is sprayed about 4 times per season.
Fertilization can be:
- Dry, when the ashes are sprayed between the beds and then loosened. This method is effective for disease prevention and pest control.
- Irrigation from a watering can, in which ash is used filled with water (0.5 l of ash per 10 l of water) and infused for several days.
- At foliar top dressing ash infusion is irrigated with leaves, which is useful for twisting and yellowing of the tips of the leaf.
does garlic like water
Too much moisture can cause teeth to rot. Bulbs begin to moisten in early May with an interval of 7-10 days.
Each phase of plant growth requires its own watering:
- active growth - plentiful;
- bulb ripening is moderate. Especially monitor the humidity of plants during heavy rains, so that there is no dampening of the bulbs.
- a month before harvesting - watering is stopped.
does garlic like manure
It is advisable not to add fresh mullein and unripe humus for garlic, because the bulbs can become loose and crumbly. But mowed crops, called green "manure", are laid in the soil in the fall. It can be peas, oats, buckwheat, sorghum, clover and other crops that are mowed before the seeds ripen and dried.
Why do the tips of the leaves turn yellow in garlic, causes and how to eliminate
Yellowing leaves are a sign that the garlic is ripe, but premature burnout indicates problems with the plant itself.
What is the difference between spring garlic and winter garlic
Spring and winter garlic are in many ways similar to each other, but have a number of minor differences. Here is a photo and diagram of both types.
Spring garlic: the number of cloves can reach 30 pieces, arranged in a spiral, in 2-3 rows.
Oz And washed garlic: the number of teeth is smaller, larger, placed in one row in a circle.
The spring species is planted only with cloves, and the winter species propagates with cloves and air bubbles. As in the first, and in the second grade there are non-shooting plants, but the "stump" is typical only for the winter species. Moreover, if the aerial part is not torn off, you can lose 30% of the crop. Aerial nodules propagate a winter plant and get better genetic material. growing season in both types is approximately the same, 90-110 days. The yield and average weight of a bulb of a winter variety can be 3 times higher than that of a spring variety.
Which garlic is better stored spring or winter
Heads of spring varieties are better preserved, but they are inferior to winter varieties in size and yield. If the first type lies before the new harvest, then the winter one is usually stored until January, and in the chambers until March.
Video how to distinguish spring garlic from winter
Differences between species are minimal, but a hard arrow can immediately recognize the winter variety.
Large varieties of spring garlic
The yield of garlic directly depends on the right variety. The spring species is characterized by a large number of teeth and good keeping quality.
The medium-late variety Gulliver stands out for its size, which has 3-5 teeth, with a total weight of up to 120 g.
The whitish fruitful type of Elenovsky has pinkish teeth and is distinguished by a stable yield.
Bulbs of a flat-round shape of the Victorio variety reach up to 40 g.
The Ershovsky species has up to 25 teeth, and the weight of the bulbs reaches 35 g.
How to grow large spring garlic:
The spring species does not like heat, and its productivity drops if the teeth are lowered into the ground late.
when to plant spring garlic
They begin planting a spring variety with melting snow and the first warmth, but no later than the third decade of April. Acceptable planting temperature +5 C. If the soil is moist, watering is not required. Previously, the teeth are sprayed with water, and kept in the cold in an open plastic bag for 2-3 weeks. Such preparation gives the best germination and plant resistance to spring winds.
Too early planting, due to the poor development of the bulbs, leads to rotting. cold temperature(+4 ° + 10 °С) is favorable for root growth. In hot weather, their growth stops and the formation of bulbs begins.
how to plant spring garlic
During spring planting, the teeth are laid to a depth of 4-6 cm so that the planting material is in a humid environment. The distance between large teeth should be 6-8 cm, medium heads are planted 4-6 cm apart. There are 50-55 teeth per 1 m2 of area.
Planting too shallow pushes the bulbs to the surface.
It is important in this lesson to choose the right side - the pointed end up. An incorrectly planted clove will not grow.
how to fertilize garlic to grow large
Before planting, the soil must be cultivated. Clay areas with addition organic matter can be made suitable for growing garlic. Liming is carried out if the pH is less than 5.8.
- Nitrogen fertilizers are applied to the soil in autumn. Yellowing of the leaves, poor growth and low yield indicates a deficiency of the element.
- Phosphorus deficiency is characterized dark green leaf color and slow growth. A symptom of potassium deficiency can be lethargy and marginal "burn" of the leaves.
- Calcium deficiency is compensated by the introduction of lime flour. The yield of sulfur is not increased, but the taste of the bulbs is improved.
big garlic secrets
For productivity spring garlic affects:
- The mode of storage of uterine bulbs. For this, a combination of two modes is suitable (1st half of the year +18 C + 20 C, 2nd half of the year +3 C +6 C) or a stable basement temperature of +2 C.
- Site preparation is carried out 2 weeks before planting: dug up and fertilized.
- For beds, choose plots with pumpkin, legume and cabbage predecessors.
- Teeth for disembarkation are selected weighing at least 4 g and pre-soaked.
- Until the first shoots, the site is not watered.
- Watering cycle 7-8 days.
- Harvest at 80% drying of the stems.
Large garlic Rocambole, winter or spring
This variety can be grown as a winter and spring species, but in the first case, garlic is larger and of better quality. With a thick snow cover, it winters well, and in snowless winters it can freeze. The main difference between Rocambole and the usual domestic varieties is frequent and abundant watering, as well as the presence of children.
When to harvest spring garlic
Spring garlic is dug up later than the winter relative, because it needs additional time to grow. Rainy summers can make adjustments, when harvesting times are reduced, or heat and drought, when they are extended. The approximate spring harvest is harvested at the end of August, when lower leaves dry and the tops turn yellow.
How to store spring garlic
Store crops in dark room, at a stable temperature and sufficient air circulation. Any cool, well-ventilated area will work well for garlic. In very cold areas, the bulbs are insulated. The crop is pre-placed in nets and lowered into the basement. For planting, the largest and most even bulbs are retained.
Whole heads are not stored in the refrigerator, but individual cloves in a closed glass container can be left for a while.
How to grow large winter garlic
Garlic for planting is purchased at a garden center, not a supermarket. The plant loves crop rotation and does not adapt well to other climatic zones. The main condition for a good harvest is the regular rejuvenation of the bulbs. Before planting, they are dipped in a weak solution of potassium permanganate or copper sulfate (1 tsp: 2 l). Do not leave arrows on the garlic - this delays ripening and reduces the teeth.
Secrets of growing large winter garlic
It is important to guess with the time of planting winter garlic. It is advisable to throw it into the ground 2 weeks before the first frost. This will give the plant extra time to root.
Basic rules for growing a winter species:
- Choose a variety adapted to a particular region. Not all types of plants grow equally everywhere.
- Prepare the soil for planting, determining its acidity, moisture and nutritional value.
- For planting, choose the largest cloves and let them germinate.
- They stop at a site that is in the shade during the hottest time of the day. Light-colored mulch (straw) reflects light, insulating the soil from heat and retaining moisture.
- Timely watering increases the size of the heads.
- Weed control is essential for garlic growth, as they also need water and nutrients.
- Mandatory destruction of arrows.
- Timely harvest.
When to plant winter garlic
Garlic is usually planted 4-6 weeks before the first frost, the exact time depends on the region: middle lane- October, warmer climate - November. The main task of the gardener is to ensure that the plant has a well-developed root system in winter. Autumn green shoots indicate the timely planting of garlic.
Large varieties of winter garlic
The best varieties of winter garlic are:
The high-yielding species of Alcor has 4-5 dense cloves.
The heads of the early ripe Belarusian variety are twice as large as Alkor. It can be recognized by the scales of a purple hue.
Dry-resistant Lyubasha has heads up to 120 g.
Frost-resistant Spas bulbs with ten teeth weigh up to 100 g.
How to plant winter garlic
To grow large heads of garlic, the soil is loosened with a rake before planting. A well-seasoned mixture of compost or manure is introduced into the soil. Several shallow furrows are prepared at a distance of 15 cm from each other. Holding each clove with the pointed end up, insert it into the soil 5 cm deep. After that, smooth the surface with fingers or a rake. When planting several varieties, the plots must be marked. Within a month, the soil is allowed to settle, and then mulch is applied.
Winter garlic in winter, how to cover winter garlic for the winter
Due to the shallow root system, garlic stops growing under dry conditions. Mulching the area will prevent the growth of weeds, retain moisture and protect the roots from freezing. The protective layer may consist of straw, chopped leaves or grass clippings. In cold regions, the mulch should be up to 10 cm thick.
How to feed winter garlic after winter
The main growth of plants begins in the spring. You can take ready complex top dressing and bring them in after rain or dilute mullein in water (1:7) and water the soil under the plant. A good bait for garlic is spraying ash or spraying with ammonia.
How to water garlic
Garlic is picky about moisture, but its excess can lead to bulb rot.
Do not irrigate the plant when falling and dry tops.
Spring is the time for active growth. In accordance with the amount of precipitation, plants require additional moisture during this period. April and May are the critical period when garlic is prone to disease. The type of soil dictates the frequency of watering. Light sandy soils quickly weather, so they need more frequent watering, but the clay areas warm up slightly and the moisture in them lasts longer. Optimal rate hydration - 2.5 cm per week of water with good drainage.
When to Harvest Winter Garlic
The crop is harvested in late spring or early summer, when the plant has five or six green leaves, and the bottom one or two have already dried up. Pitchforks are harvested for work, but if the soil allows, the garlic is simply pulled out. Shake off excess soil and stack the crop in a pile.
How to store winter garlic
A week later, after drying the crop, cut off the tops. Leave the garlic for another 2-3 weeks in a dry, ventilated area, and then send it to mesh bags or storage baskets. Sometimes bunches are formed from several plants and hung away from sources of heat and light.
Given the above secrets and cultivation rules, you can grow a good harvest of garlic.
Garlic can be grown both perennial and annual plant. But at perennial cultivation teeth grow very small. To grow large cloves of garlic, it must be grown as an annual plant. To do this, the culture is planted in spring or autumn. Individual teeth are used as planting material. The culture can be grown both in the Moscow region and in Siberia and Sakhalin, but you need to know the features of planting and care.
What are the best varieties of garlic to grow?
You can propagate garlic not only with teeth. On peduncles, air bulbs are formed, which can also be used as planting material. But not all varieties of garlic appear arrows with peduncles.
In nature, there are about seventy varieties of garlic. In most cases, gardeners divide it into winter, spring, shooters and non-shooters. In order not to mislead people anymore, let's look at how to properly grow garlic and what varieties are best for this.
Important! It is better to plant several varieties of garlic in the garden, as they have different dates ripening and, accordingly, different periods of storage.
Spring garlic is significantly different from winter garlic in that it does not produce arrows with a peduncle. Its cloves are located in the bulb in the form of a spiral. It should be noted that spring garlic is not able to give a high yield.
large garlic
At this time, in winter varieties, the teeth are slightly larger, and they are located around the central rod. Also, some varieties of winter garlic have arrows with peduncles. Main Feature of this type of garlic is its high yield.
Among popular varieties spring garlic should be noted:
- Victorio;
- Yelenovsky;
- Gulliver;
- Sochi 56;
- Ershovsky.
Garlic Gulliver
Among the winter varieties, the most popular are:
- Arrows:
- Lyubasha;
- Dobrynya;
- Sofievsky;
- Alcor;
- Dubkovsky;
- Gribovsky anniversary;
- Gribovsky 60;
- Scythian;
- Large-tooth Kiseleva;
- Hermann.
Garlic Herman
It should be noted that arrow varieties of garlic have a more pronounced spicy taste, unlike non-shoot varieties. In addition, they give large yields and their shelf life is longer.
The gardener's secret. In order for the arrowheads of garlic to grow larger, it is best to cut the arrows at the very base of the bulb. But breaking them off is strictly prohibited, otherwise the bulb can be severely damaged.
- Non-shooting varieties of garlic:
- Aleisky;
- Moscow;
- Abrek;
- Odessa 13;
- Gafurian;
- Alekseevsky;
- Komsomolets;
- Petrovsky;
- Degtyarsky;
- Orlovsky.
- Saved;
- Podmoskovny.
Winter garlic Petrovsky
Regardless of which variety will be chosen for planting, the quality of the planting material is important, which consists in the following criteria:
- There should be no dents on the garlic cloves;
- There must be no cracks;
- Rotten cloves should be discarded;
- All planting material must have the same dimensions.
During the selection of planting material, you should not "undress" the teeth. Such an operation negatively affects the quality of the future crop and its shelf life.
On a note! Do not worry about how the culture will survive the winter. This plant is able to withstand frost under a ball of snow at minus forty-minus forty-five degrees. In addition, for its development and growth, an air temperature of eighteen to twenty-five degrees is sufficient.
Before growing garlic in a summer cottage, you need to take into account the requirements of the crop for moisture and soil conditions. In the area where planting is planned, the soil should be neutral. In addition, groundwater is desirable to be as deep as possible. It is undesirable to plant a plant in the shade, since in this case the yield drops.
Regardless of the fact that garlic, like onions, loves to be revived, fresh manure should never be brought in. In addition, it is best to choose a bed for planting this crop, on which cucumbers or cabbage grew before.
The soil for planting must be prepared in advance. For winter garlic - for half a month, for ardent - from autumn.
As fertilizers in the soil you need to apply per hundred square meters:
- humus up to six kilograms;
- potassium salt - twenty grams;
- superphosphate - no more than thirty grams.
Immediately before planting, you can add ammonium nitrate.
Top dressing of garlic
Those who are interested in how to get a good harvest of garlic should know exactly when to plant. best time for planting is the period from the last decade of September and the first two decades of October. Garlic is best planted a month and a half before the first frost. Thus, he will have time to take root, thanks to which he will be able to comfortably winter. But at the same time, he should not sprout. Otherwise, the harvest will be weak.
In order for the garlic to grow large, you need to properly prepare the planting material. Choose for this the most large bulbs, take them apart and sort them out. Rotten and damaged are thrown away. Air bulbs that have grown in the garden along with garlic are also used as planting material.
You can get high-quality garlic from air bulbs only if you grow them for two years: the first year - single-pronged heads, the second - full-fledged bulbs.
Important! With the timely planting of garlic, the gardener receives the expected harvest. But there are times when, due to an unforeseen cold snap, a person does not have time to land. In this case, do not be upset, since the winter crop can be planted in the spring. In the first year, just like with air bulbs, single cloves will grow, in the second year, quite large heads of garlic can be obtained from them.
Ardent garlic is planted in the soil only in spring. In this case, landing should be done after the snow melts. Thus, the culture will have time to develop well and increase large heads. Otherwise, the harvest will be weak, the bulbs will grow small.
For those who do not know how to grow large garlic in the garden, we will give important advice for planting cloves in the soil. Winter garlic should be planted in the ground in such a way that the depth of its planting is equal to two heights of the clove itself. Thus, planting material will not freeze in the winter.
Planting garlic in spring
The spring type of garlic is planted in small rows. At the same time, you do not need to press the teeth into the ground - you can damage the bottom, which will prevent the roots from developing. Winter crops should be covered with mulch and spruce branches. This will help keep the snow out. Thus, the necessary microclimate for plant growth will be maintained in the garden.
Plant care consists in loosening the soil and eliminating weeds. Garlic should be watered very carefully, as this plant does not like excessively moist soil. Watering is done in dry weather, when there is not enough moisture in the soil. A month before the cleaning will be done, they must be stopped so that rot does not form on the root system.
Secrets of gardeners
Most gardeners share their experience on how to properly grow garlic. As a garlic planting material, only air bulbs are used, which are popularly called bulbs. Gardeners plant garlic in stages, so that every season they have a fruitful one.
First of all, they need to be assembled correctly. To do this, several arrows are left in the garden, which need to grow for about two weeks in the garden until full technical ripeness. Peduncles must be tied with a bandage, otherwise the bulbs may crumble. After that, the plant is dug up, and the bulbs are dried. After that, the flower stalks are disassembled and sorted. For planting, only large and medium-sized bulbs are selected. It is necessary to sow the material in mid-October. Sowing should be done at a depth of about ten centimeters.
Sowing in open ground can be done both in autumn and in spring. Only during autumn sowing, the seeds are sown thicker, since the planting material loses several percent of its similarity during frosts. When planting in spring, the bulbs must first be hardened off. To do this, they are either buried for a month, or even one and a half in the snow, or simply put in the refrigerator. IN summer period from them you can get single-tooth bulbs.
From the observation of the development of garlic, it was concluded that while maintaining the air bulbs on the arrow, the teeth on the head do not crumble until harvesting. In addition, every year the size of the heads of garlic increases.
Growing garlic is a simple task, the chores are small. In addition, garlic is rejuvenated in this way, as a result of which it becomes more resistant to diseases and pests.
