Tangerines in a pot. How to care for a tangerine tree in a pot at home Indoor tangerine tree care at home
And vegetatively. For planting, you can take seeds from any fruit. Remove them and immediately plant them in a fertile substrate consisting of leaf humus and sand with the addition of a small amount of oily clay. Seedlings appear quite quickly and after a few years become quite lush bushes.
Flowering and fruiting on a mandarin grown in this way comes very late. The process can be accelerated by grafting the plant.
The vegetative propagation method is quite laborious, but by propagating in this way, you will get fruits much faster in 2-4 years. Make air layers. To do this, select a suitable branch and remove the bark about 2 cm wide from it. Tie this place with wet moss and moisten it periodically as it dries, the substrate should always be wet. After a while, roots should appear at the layering. Cut off a twig and plant in a pot with light soil.
How to care for a tangerine
Tangerines, unlike other citrus fruits, are quite unpretentious and require minimal care, but in order to achieve flowering and fruiting from them, you need to create a plant certain conditions.
Light tangerine needs bright, but diffused. Place the pot in an east or west window. On sunny days, shade from direct rays.
The plant is moisture-loving. in spring and summer period it must be watered 1-2 times a day with soft water room temperature. In winter, watering should be slightly reduced, but the soil should always be moist, you should not allow the earthen clod to dry out, as the tangerine can shed foliage. Spray the plant regularly, especially if the air in the room is very dry.
To achieve the required humidity, pour expanded clay into the pallet and moisten it. As it dries, pour some water into the pan.
During the period of active growth, during budding and fruiting, feed the plants with organic and mineral fertilizers. Use complex fertilizers for citrus fruits, and as an organic matter - cow dung slurry (in a ratio of 1:10).
Plant transplant
Young bushes need to be transplanted annually, and adult plants once every 3 years. Best time for this - spring, at this time the mandarin begins a period of active growth, so the plant will tolerate the procedure very well.
Put a layer of drainage on the bottom of the pot. It can be broken brick, crushed stone or expanded clay. Then pour in a nutritious but light citrus substrate. Remove the plant from the old pot, shake off the soil and wash the roots in warm water. Sick and rotten, remove and plant the tangerine in fresh soil.
adults large plants transplanting is quite problematic, but you can get by with replacing the top layer of soil in the container. Remove about 5 cm of old soil and pour in fresh substrate. Lightly compact it and water the plant with warm water.
We associate tangerines with childhood, New Year, some other holidays - but not with flower pots in the apartment. Meanwhile, a fruit-bearing tree can be grown at home. This requires patience, simple rules and tangerine. You will be surprised how easy it is to get fragrant fruits from house tree grown from a seed planted in a pot. This tangerine differs from other citrus fruits grown indoors.
All mandarin varieties grown in pots are divided into dwarf and undersized (compared to a tree growing in nature, because undersized varieties can reach two or more meters in height). The main groups of varieties for home growing- This is Vasya and Clementine. From the Vasyo group, the most common variety is Kovano-Vasyo, from the Clementine group - Marisol.
Of the other varieties, Unshiu is very common, cultivar Unshiu broad-leaved. It is a fast-growing, well-branched cold-resistant tree with good fruiting. Only one can compete with him in terms of popularity. Forged Vasho because he has more large fruits which also ripen faster.
You can also note such varieties as:
- loose leaf;
- Sochi 23;
- Pioneer 80;
- Agudzera;
- Abkhaz early;
- Nova;
- Nobils;
- Shiva Mikan;
- Murcott (Honey).
Choosing a variety homemade tangerine for growing from a stone, you need to keep in mind that not all of the above fruits have them.
What conditions are needed for the growth of mandarin at home
The usual environment for a tangerine tree is the tropics-subtropics. Based on this, it is necessary to provide them at home suitable conditions, the main ones being:
- humidity;
- lighting;
- temperature.
You should be aware that these conditions change depending on the season, age and condition of the tree (flowering, fruiting, dormancy). Moreover, certain conditions are also necessary for successful germination. tangerine seeds. When the seed is already placed in the ground, it should be warm, the temperature should not go beyond + 20-25 ° C.
During the warm season optimum temperature for mandarin +25°С. About temperature regime winter period even in authoritative sources there are discrepancies: some argue that a lower threshold of + 10 ° C is acceptable, while others warn that it is unacceptable for the temperature in the room where the plant is located to drop below + 14 ° C in winter.
Temperature separation for summer and winter should be done after the tree begins to bloom. After the appearance of the first color, winter dormancy should be established, gradually raising the temperature when entering spring (+ 16-18 ° C), this will provide optimal conditions for the formation of buds. Summer temperatures above +25°C can cause massive defoliation.
High humidity is an indispensable condition for the normal development of mandarin. This applies to the moisture content both in the soil substrate and in the air.
With the advent of warming next to the tree, you need to put a wide bowl with water at room temperature (than more area surface of the water, the more it evaporates).
Since the mandarin needs moisture, the owner of the plant must properly equip the place where he puts the tree pot. With constant air humidification ordinary wallpaper or plaster are damaged by fungus due to the fact that they cannot be washed.
And the presence of pathogenic microbes next to the tangerine is not welcome. By the way, poisonous indoor plants will also have a bad effect on it, so they need to be planted in different rooms.
In order for the tree to get drunk, relatively rare waterings are enough in winter - every other day. You need to try with your finger and water only when the earth is a little dry. In warm weather, mandarin must be sprayed (during the flowering period, avoid getting on the color). The hotter it is, the more often the tree is watered. In summer, you can water several times a day, sparing no water.
Although the tangerine is very fond of sunlight, in the brightest time of the day (from noon to two), the tree must be shaded from direct rays. It is best to place the plant near a window facing south or southeast. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid placing directly at the heating radiators, because the tangerine will suffer from dryness in winter.
One of the properties of citrus fruits is to turn their leaves towards the light. To keep the crown uniform, the pot with the plant is slowly rotated, turning 10 degrees twice a month. Stronger or more frequent turning negatively affects the tangerine. He, unfortunately, is sensitive to stress - transplants, transfer to another place and even turning. By the way, tangerine does not tolerate drafts, this must also be borne in mind.
As the daylight hours shorten, it is necessary to gradually introduce lighting into the “daily routine” of the indoor mandarin: for this there are phytolamps. This is especially important in winter, because mandarin fruits ripen for six months. It is impossible to sharply increase the illumination: the tree will misunderstand such a maneuver and drop all the leaves.
Growing a tangerine tree in a pot - step by step instructions
In order for the tangerine tree to grow and please the eye, you need to start with the correct germination of the seed, and then, as the plant develops, perform necessary actions. This, of course, is more difficult than just buying a ready-made grafted tangerine in a pot in a flower shop, but the growing process itself will be much more interesting if you see everything with your own eyes - from pecking a sprout from a seed to the first flowering and first fruits.
The first thing to remember for those who are going to grow a tangerine from a stone at home is that peat is absolutely not suitable. Also, the so-called universal primer, which consists largely of peat. The reason is that it turns sour, dries quickly and does not have special nutritional properties.
You can make a nutrient substrate with your own hands, taking 3 parts for this sod land and one part of leafy earth, rotted dung (cow) and sand, supplementing this with a small amount of clay.
Not always and not everyone has the opportunity to make such a complex mix, especially for urban flower growers, so as an option, you can take the soil for pink "Rose" or neutral nutritious "Biohumus". In any case, you need to look at the packaging so that the pH value is 6.5-7.
If you're lucky, you can find a specialized soil for citrus fruits - it is suitable for all representatives of this family. But if everything is really bad, then ordinary soil is taken as the soil, into which wood ash, superphosphates and some organics. Only land is best taken in parks or other green spaces, away from highways and those places where, due to heavy traffic, the soil is saturated harmful substances from the air.
We extract the seed from any purchased tangerines. Having selected all the bones from the fruit, we will consider them for suitability for growing a tree from them:
- Seeds should not be dry, flat, "thin". Such material will not have enough strength for good germination and the formation of a viable plant.
- Irregular shape is a prerequisite for rejection, a darkened tip is an obvious marriage.
The main rule of planting in the ground is that the faster the seed from the fruit gets into the soil, the faster it will germinate, following the laws of nature. But if for some reason it was not possible to immediately plant a bone, it must first be soaked.
How many seeds you need depends on what you plan to do with the tree itself. If vaccination is not planned, a dozen seeds are enough, from which the best ones are selected after germination. Future vaccination suggests large quantity sprouts, because it is not known how the rootstock will react to another plant.
Soak the bones on a small piece of gauze or other light fabric, which is periodically moistened with a small amount of water at room temperature. It is very convenient to use hydrogel for germinating tangerine seeds, which is used by professional flower growers. This is a special material that, after pouring with water, evenly distributes moisture inside itself and maintains the desired humidity regime. The seed just needs to be immersed inside.
The seed germination time is at least two weeks, but not more than a month. The container with seeds can be placed under the film so that the water evaporates less, but it cannot be completely closed to avoid rotting.
If the bone, as they say, is just out of the mouth, then it is not necessary to soak it, we immediately plant it, deepening it into the prepared substrate by 4 cm. If there is no soil at hand, you need to place the seed in a dry place, putting it on a hygroscopic material, paper is best .
Planting seeds
Disposable plastic cups, yogurt packages, and other packaging materials are also suitable for transplanting sprouted seeds. The main requirement is that they should not be too voluminous. You can plant all the seeds at once in one seedling container, or you can use individual containers. Drainage holes must be made in the bottom.
During germination, you should not create greenhouse conditions for the plant: after a mini-greenhouse, it will be more difficult for a tangerine to get used to room conditions.
Immediately you need to take care of good drainage: finished product Available at any flower shop. Expanded clay is also suitable. Drainage pebbles should cover the bottom of the pot into which the tangerine is transplanted by two fingers.
After the appearance of four leaves on the sprout, the seedlings planted in one container need to be “settlement” in separate containers. At this stage, it is already possible to choose stronger ones for further cultivation, and weaker or deformed plants are not suitable for this.
As soon as the root system of the tangerine sprout fills the entire container, it is necessary to transship into a more spacious dish. It is impossible for the difference between the pots to be significant: if you transplant seedlings into large pots, there is a high risk of waterlogging of the earth. Mandarin will react to this by drying out the tips of the leaves: this means that its roots begin to rot.
Transplanted young plant once a year, in the spring. Upon reaching the age of eight, the mandarin changes the container with soil every two years, and after ten years it is recommended not to disturb him with a transplant, just remove upper layer substrate and pour fresh (of the same composition).
How to grow a tangerine from a stone - 2 ways: video
Caring for a mandarin in a pot
It is necessary to take care of a small tree transplanted into a pot all the time. Care includes watering, shaping procedures (pinching), top dressing. The good news is that the larger the tangerine, the less fuss with it.
You need to water a tangerine tree in a pot in winter 3 times a week, in summer several times a day. Water should be at room temperature, settled. In summer, it is good to “bath” the tree by washing it with water (spraying does not give such an effect) and watering it once a month from a shower or garden watering can.
The first three to four years of the life of an indoor tangerine, the tree needs to be shaped. Forming pinching begins when the seedling grows to 30 cm. This stimulates the plant to launch first-order side shoots.
For a tree to bloom, branches of 4-5 orders are needed. For this reason, pinch the tips of all shoots above 4-5 leaves. Shoots growing inside the crown and weak branches are removed. It takes up to 4 years to form a full-fledged crown of indoor tangerine.
There is another method of stimulating branching - deviation with fixation. To do this, the shoots are pulled down, fixing them with wire or twine. The branch is fixed in a position parallel to the horizontal surface.
Pruning homemade citrus fruits: video
They feed tangerines grown at home from the stone only from mid-spring to early autumn. For the winter, he leaves without enhanced nutrition. Top dressing is needed for the formation of flower buds and fruit ripening.
The first feeding is done twice a month, when sprouts appear. Used both organic and mineral fertilizers. It is best to use fertilizers for citrus plants. You need to fertilize after watering, and not before it. To improve the taste of mandarin, the tree is most actively fed from April to September.
How to get fruits at home?
A tangerine grown from a stone can bear fruit, or it can remain sterile. In order to get fruits at home, the plant must be grafted.
Fruiting in a tangerine that has grown from a seed (no matter at home or in wild nature) starts at the age of five. This is a wild fruit that does not differ in taste. The acceleration of fruiting and the improvement of the taste of tangerines is achieved by grafting: the original sprout-stock is grafted with a graft from a young fruit-bearing branch.
Vaccinations room tangerine do in April-early May and in August. These are periods of sap flow. At other times, grafting a mandarin is useless, and dangerous for a plant.
A plant is grafted as thick as a pencil, no less. A graft is an eye with a bud cut from a two-year-old branch of a fruiting mandarin (graft). Suitable for this purpose and stalk. Also stock up on:
- electrical tape;
- garden pitch;
- with a sharp instrument (ideally a budding knife).
On a rootstock sprout at a height of 10 cm, the skin is carefully cut through without damaging the wood, in the shape of the letter T. The vertical cut should be no more than 4 cm. The skin along the edges of the cut is slightly turned away with a knife. The peephole is inserted, after which the plant is wrapped with electrical tape at the incision site. It is better to graft several sprouts, because it is not known how the graft will take root.
After vaccination, a mini-greenhouse is created: a jar or bag, under which it is warm and humid. The plant is removed from under the shelter when it becomes clear that the graft has taken root. A sign of a sprouted kidney - the kidney turned yellow and fell off. If she remained on the rootstock and turned black, then the kidney died.
As the seedling grows, ventilation increases, then the tape is removed. After 30 days, the "native" trunk is cut obliquely just above the base of the scion, the cut is covered with garden pitch. To make the plant grow straight, you can install a stick or a high peg.
Indoor tangerine grafting: video
Mandarin changes its evergreen leaves every four years. If leaves fall (defoliation) occurs, the replacement becomes more frequent, the color changes - this can indicate not only a violation of the rules of care, but also damage by diseases or pests.
Although room-grown tangerine has greater immunity, it can also get sick or be affected by pests. The closer to the optimal conditions for keeping a tangerine (sunlight, high humidity), the less likely it is to damage the plant, but you need to be fully armed and process the tree at the first sign of ill health. Relying on the detection of pests is not worth it: their size makes them invisible.
The main enemies of the mandarin are:
- spider mite;
- mealybug;
- scab.
Each pest has its own signs, but even without knowing the subtleties, it is necessary to pay attention to a change in the usual appearance: the appearance of cobwebs, sticky plaque, dots on the leaves, twisting of the leaves.
Effective means are Fitoverm, Intavir, Aktelik, and other insecticides, but they are quite toxic, and after processing they need to remove the topsoil, and the fruits should not be eaten.
Therefore, it is much better to use such old proven remedies as tincture of tobacco (shag), garlic and laundry soap. plant washed room water with soap, sprayed with a concentrated infusion of garlic (2 cloves per 500 ml) and tobacco (40 g per liter of water).
When removing ripe tangerines, do not leave the petioles on the branches.
In summer it is useful to take the plant to open air, but if it is a balcony - make sure that drafts do not form there.
If you do not know where to get a scion for the fruiting of your tangerine, wander around the flower shops: perhaps they will not refuse you and cut off a small eye from their plant. You can look for amateur growers.
If the mandarin stubbornly does not want to bloom, experienced growers advise wrapping the base of the trunk copper wire so that it is pressed into the bark. Such a constriction will disrupt sap flow and may stimulate flowering. In any case, after 6 months, the wire is removed, and the constriction site is treated with pitch. But the first flowering can be stimulated only in those mandarins that have branches of 4-5 orders and have gone through a cold winter. A tree that has not passed a dormant period and has not formed a crown will not bloom.
Mandarin can be grown from a stone at home, and get a wonderful fruit-bearing tree. Before you decide to make your dream come true, you need to look at a suitable place for the plant in the room and think about where you can later take the graft so that the tangerine bears fruit.
Citruses, including tangerines, contain a lot of vitamin C. You can try growing them yourself. The tangerine bonsai is a wonderful ornamental plant that brings bright colors to the home and pleasant aroma. It is known that the smell of this fruit not only improves mood and gives vigor, but also facilitates headache. An evergreen citrus tree can maintain a flowering period for most of the year and bear fruit even at home.
Becoming the owner of a wonderful indoor tangerine is not difficult at all. Moreover, you can even grow a tangerine in a pot on your own, from a seed.
Landing stages
It should be noted right away that there is an easier option. You can buy a ready-made seedling in a specialized store and plant it immediately in the ground. You can even buy already fruitful mature plant, which will only need to be placed on the windowsill, providing it home care.
But for those who are not looking for easy ways, you can independently plant and grow indoor tangerine at home.
Step 1. Materials
The seeds of the fruits of this fruit are needed. It is better to take at least a dozen, because no one has yet canceled natural selection. Not all seeds will be able to sprout, not all sprouts will be able to break through the soil. To get suitable bones, you need to take ripe fruit: The bigger and juicier, the better.
Step 2. Seed preparation
Experienced gardeners know that any seeds require a preparatory period before planting in the ground. For some time, the tangerine seeds must be left in a humid place. Perfect option- wrap them in a cloth and leave, maintaining a humid environment. After a couple of days, the seeds will be ready for planting: small sprouts will appear near the seeds.
Step 3. Landing in the ground
Usually indoor tangerines are able to grow in the most ordinary soil, but it is worthwhile to approach the choice of soil for the plant responsibly. First to the bottom flower pot laid out layer small stones or expanded clay for soil drainage. Next, the rest of the soil is laid out, where the sprouted bones are placed. They need to be located not too deep, but not at the very surface of the soil. The ideal planting depth is 5 to 7 cm.
Unless you need to water, but not too plentifully and very carefully. In less than a month, young sprouts will begin to peep out of the soil.
Even if the experiment fails, do not be discouraged: it does not always work out as planned. You can always try again to plant a tangerine at home, using previous experience.
Care of young seedlings
At the outset, it is important to proper care for young shoots. The pot with the plant must be placed correctly, finding the most suitable place for it. Room tangerine loves good lighting, and in dark places he begins to languish and may die. But direct sunlight in large quantities can burn young sprouts. Until the stems of the tangerine tree are sufficiently strong, it is better to remove them from the risk zone. The task is not entirely simple - the container with sprouts must be constantly lit and reliably protected from direct sun.
tangerine tree must be subject to direct sun rays, without which it will not be able to grow and develop normally.
Immediately after the appearance of the first shoots, it is important to feed the young citrus. The algorithm of action does not have significant differences from the feeding of an adult plant.
Adult plant care
When growing mandarin at home, it is important to understand that the plant is adapted to hot countries, where droughts often occur. Therefore, excessive watering will be detrimental to the plant. When indoor tangerine is watered too often, it begins to shed its leaves. But it is also not worth rushing from one extreme to another.
Humidity
A decorative mandarin variety is still not a cactus; at home, it requires regular irrigation.
Mandarin grown at home, in addition to watering, requires care and nutrition. It's about about plant nutrition.
It is necessary to feed the plants, because frequent watering wash out organic and mineral substances. Understanding this is of decisive importance in growing mandarin at home. IN different time year, the tangerine behaves differently, which affects the amount and frequency of nutrition required.
It is especially important to feed indoor shrubs in the spring, when the tangerine makes its main growth.
Feeding frequency should not exceed twice a week. Fertilizer must be prepared in strict accordance with the instructions for use. Otherwise, you can greatly harm the plant: instead of the necessary minerals and organic substances, homemade mandarin can get poison. Mixtures for fertilizing and feeding indoor plants are sold in both specialized stores and large hypermarkets. When choosing top dressing, it is advisable to focus on fertilizers for citrus fruits.
Mandarin house tree requires feeding to a much greater extent than its garden counterparts. Soil in a pot, as opposed to open ground, is not able to regenerate organic and mineral substances eroded during irrigation. A garden tangerine doesn't need to be fed as often, but home tree care is another matter entirely.
Although the tangerine tree is not a capricious and difficult plant to care for, nevertheless, in addition to watering and top dressing, it is sometimes worth making extra efforts. Let's say a few more words about how to care for a decorative mandarin so that the tree always pleases the eye with its beauty.
Transfer
As the tree grows, indoor mandarin must be transplanted. While the shrub is growing, it is desirable to update the "place of registration" every year. After the plant reaches the age of seven, the expansion of its living space is required once every two years.
In order for the tree to bear fruit well, it is better to remove the extra ovaries at the flowering stage.
The more potential fruits will grow, the more strength and nutrients the tree will spend on cultivation. In order not to deplete the mandarin tree, it is advisable to leave only part of its flowers, the strongest ovaries. Although the “harvest” will be smaller, more micronutrients will be invested in each fruit. Therefore, the fruits will be larger, tasty and juicy. Indoor mandarin is an ornamental plant, not a garden plant. Therefore, the health of the tree should always be a priority.
When the ovaries take shape in small fruits, it is advisable to tie the tree crowns to a support. As tangerines grow and become heavier, they risk breaking the fragile decorative tree stems. Without additional help, the shrub may suffer. Broken branches can lead to serious tree disease.
Diseases and pests
When growing mandarin, it is impossible to provide him with proper home care without protecting the plant from pests.
Types of indoor trees
There are several varieties of tangerine tree. Some of them fit perfectly into the culture of home ornamental plants.
Unshiu
The most popular is the Unshiu tangerine tree, a variety of Japanese tangerine trees. The height of an adult plant rarely reaches 1.5 m. Unshiu indoor mandarin is more tolerant of cold than others and is extremely fruitful.
dwarf form
The dwarf or, as it is also called, mountain mandarin, Kovano-Vase, is also popular. This variety of the Vasya group, which at home is able to reach a meter height, although usually the growth of the plant stops in the range from 40 cm to 80 cm.
Clementine
You can also highlight the indoor Clementine. This is a tangerine crossed with an orange. Differs in bright and sweet fruits decorative mandarin varieties of Murcott, which translates as "honey." Early maturing variety begins to bear fruit in the summer, unlike the above-mentioned varieties.
Other varieties
A small tangerine Shiva-Mikan tree, like Murcott, is early variety with small fruits.
But despite the fact that the mentioned varieties of tangerine trees are specially bred ornamental varieties, even an ordinary garden tangerine remains quite undersized at home, regardless of care.
Whatever variety you choose in the end, the result will be a spectacular decorative tree With beautiful flowers and bright, fragrant fruits.
Conclusion
Since ancient times, tangerines have been used as decorative house trees by noble and wealthy families, growing them in greenhouses or winter gardens, because the flower of both garden and home tangerine exuded a wonderful aroma. Today, tangerine is available at home. Growing a tree is pretty easy. Care also does not require special efforts. But this noble tangerine bonsai will look impressive and stylish in any interior, giving the surrounding space more positive and colors. Therefore, even if you had doubts whether to mess with a citrus tree or give preference to another ornamental plant, discard them. Home trees will invariably please their owners, bringing juicy fruits, delicate aroma and excellent mood.
For top dressing, you can use both dry additives and soluble ones. There is a root and foliar citrus fertilizer. Both of these methods are quite important and useful for the mandarin. At the same time, phosphorus and nitrogen are often used during root nutrition. And for foliar (which, by the way, is best combined with spraying), copper, manganese, boron, iron, magnesium and zinc are used. All these ingredients should be used with the following dosage: blue vitriol- a dose of not more than 250 mg / l, potassium permanganate - approximately 200-300 mg / l, boric acid- 200-250 mg / l, iron sulfate - no more than 3 g / l, magnesium (or magnesium sulfate) - 10 g / l and zinc oxide - 5-7 g / l.
How often should this citrus be fertilized? Fresh soil on average nourishes the plant for about 3 months. But there are various subtleties. If you fertilize with not completely rotted manure, then it is worth adding nitrogen-containing elements. But it is worth remembering that the plant must receive all the necessary components, since the lack of one element cannot be replaced by an excess of any other component. With this condition, it is worth using not individual components, but mixtures. The list of required components includes: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, calcium, magnesium and others.
You need to feed the tangerine, focusing not only on the indicated tips on the packages, but also on the condition of the plant itself.
Phosphorus fertilizer. There are several ways to phosphorus feed a plant. The first most convenient is to sprinkle the surface of the earth with superphosphate and then loosen the soil and sprinkle the phosphate with earth. The next method of such feeding is to mix superphosphate with a manure mixture and apply it to the ground. And the most difficult is mixing phosphate with water. It is difficult because superphosphate is practically insoluble in water. Therefore, per liter of water, you need to take 50 g of superphosphate, boil this solution for about 30 minutes, and then drain and dilute it 10 times with water.
nitrogen fertilizer. Nitrogen minerals can be fed, for example, with saltpeter (0.5%): 2-3 tablespoons per 15 liters of water. You can also feed with a mixture of ammonium nitrate and potassium soda. Dissolve 1-2 tablespoons of ammonium nitrate and 1 tablespoon of salt in 10 liters of water. It is best to initially mix saltpeter and salt in a liter of water and then pour it into the rest of the water.
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Calcium supplement. This is a fairly simple way to fertilize a tangerine. For calcium, it is best to take already used lime or plaster. It is best to apply these substances under the roots of the plant, in the soil.
Fertilizer organic matter. This fertilizer is a natural substance, namely manure. Initially, manure must be filled with water and left for 5-10 days so that it ferments. After that, it must be diluted with water. If this is cow dung, then you need to dilute it 10-15 times, if bird droppings, then 15-20 times. Then, 2-3 g of superphosphate and 1-3 g of viburnum salt should be added to the finished slurry. You can also feed it with non-stray manure. Manure is used to accelerate the growth of citrus. Organic fertilizer is used in summer. Also in summer, slurry is best combined with nitrogen-potassium fertilizer. At the same time, nitrogen with potassium is applied every 10 days, and slurry 5 days after nitrogen. If you use only manure, then you need to do this 1-2 times a month.
It is important to remember that you need to feed the plant depending on the season and weather conditions. Active fertilization begins in March and ends around September. In winter, plants can be fertilized once a month, and if it saturates the soil well, then until January you can not feed the plant at all. It is necessary to make various substances only in moist soil.
To saturate the soil with various useful substances they also use tincture of tea or shag, castor oil, solution iron sulphate. Also sprinkled with rust and horn shavings.
It was mentioned above in the article that it is necessary to nourish the soil and the plant not only according to the schedule or depending on the season, but it is also extremely important to focus on the state of the citrus itself. In this case, you need to pay attention to the age of the plant. So on young leaves, the manifestations of poisoning or deficiency will be one, and on adults and old ones - completely different.
How to understand what a young plant lacks
If there is not enough iron, then on the leaves of the mandarin (regardless of the color of the leaf itself), the network of veins will stand out brightly. It will be a bright green color, especially the central vein. With a lack of iron, plant growth will be halted.
Manganese deficiency manifests itself in a similar way. The veins will also be bright green, but the tissue between them will turn yellow, and then completely turn into dead.
Sulfur. Starting with the veins, the entire leaf becomes either pale green or pale yellow. It will not become completely yellow, but a certain yellowness will appear. The absence of sulfur does not lead to tissue death.
Lack of calcium. The lack of this substance is more dangerous for the plant. In the absence of calcium, the mandarin leaf first becomes discolored, and then the upper edge begins to curl down. Further, the top and edges of the leaf begin to die off, which can lead to leaf fall.
Boron deficiency leads to various modifications of foliage. Particularly noticeable factors are the deformation of the sheet plate and different kind color changes, usually at the top of the leaf.
If the citrus lacks copper, then the plant begins to fade. The leaf becomes an unnatural dark green color. And the shape of the sheet becomes not symmetrical. The central vein may also change, it becomes arched. And resinous smudges may appear on the fruits.
An adult plant may lack completely different elements.
How to grow a gorgeous citrus tree?
Lack of substances in old tangerines
Nitrogen. With chlorosis, a yellowish-green speck appears on the plant, which eventually spreads to the entire leaf. And the runs are getting shorter.
No phosphorus. In this case, the sheet remains green, but ceases to be glossy. What is also remarkable is that young foxes become very narrow. Also, flowering is weak and as a result - low yields and a thick peel for tangerines. And the fruits become sour.
If there is a lack of zinc, then the leaves become paler and the veins brighter. At the same time, they shrink.
Poisoning or overabundance of elements
Poisoning is possible with any of the elements: nitrogen, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, manganese, boron, etc.
For the normal existence of the plant and in order for it to give a good harvest, while the taste of tangerines is balanced, it is necessary to carry out proper care for the plants.
Nutrient for citrus trees
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Exotic plants can be a real decoration of the house. Of course, growing them on your own from seeds is not at all easy, but you can buy an already grown seedling of such a tree or flower and just organize the right balanced care for it. So, homemade citrus fruits are very popular among amateurs: tangerines and oranges, as well as laurels, etc. And growing them in an ordinary apartment is not so difficult. Today we will talk about how to care for a homemade tangerine in a pot.
So, indoor tangerine is a representative of the rue family, evergreen, which successfully grows in greenhouses and various winter gardens. Although this tree can reach a fairly large size, it is quite possible to grow it on a windowsill. In addition, on sale now you can find dwarf and undersized tangerines, the height of which does not exceed sixty centimeters - one meter.
How to care for tangerine at home?
Optimum lighting
In order for this exotic tree to feel good, readers of "Popular about Health" need to organize proper lighting- good enough, but with a minimum amount of direct sunlight. If the plant feels a lack of light, it may practically not bloom, and with a strong lack of lighting, its leaves will become pale, the shoots will begin to stretch and weaken. So it is best to place a pot with a plant on the windowsill of an east or southeast window, when grown on south side it is desirable to organize a pet shading from direct rays of the sun. In the hot season, it is quite possible to take the tree out into the street, but it is worth gradually accustoming it to open space.
In the cold, it is extremely important to place a pot of tangerine in the most illuminated place, and it is even better to organize additional lighting for it.
Optimal temperature performance
It is best to grow indoor tangerine in the summer at a temperature of twenty to twenty-five degrees. At the stage of budding, as well as during the flowering period, it is desirable to slightly reduce the temperature of the content - up to twenty degrees or even slightly lower. With more high temperature the tree may drop flowers or buds. In cold weather, in order to organize a period of small rest for the pet, it is worth lowering the temperature of the content to five to ten degrees. If the tree has the opportunity to rest during the winter, it will bloom and bear fruit much better.
How to water homemade tangerine?
Indoor tangerines at home are quite resistant to a lack of life-giving moisture. They successfully tolerate a lack of watering, and in case of severe drought, they can only shed their leaves. Quite often, such plants suffer from excessive moisture, which can lead to the development of fungal diseases.
So it’s worth watering the tree only after the soil in the pot dries out a little. It is advisable to carry out this manipulation in the morning. During the period of temperature decrease (in winter), watering is reduced, performing it only to maintain life.
Humidity
For all their drought resistance, indoor tangerines really do not like dry air. Therefore, they should be systematically sprayed. With a lack of moisture environment plants can be harmed spider mite. But during the flowering period, it is extremely important to ensure that water droplets do not fall on the mandarin flowers.
top dressing
In order for exotic trees to look attractive and remain healthy, they must be fed. After all, the soil in the pot is depleted quite quickly. For top dressing, it is worth using soluble fertilizers, they can be used for both irrigation and spraying, but in the second case, the concentration should be very weak. From fertilizers, you can use any complex mixtures that have in their composition the main particles, needed by plants, they are represented by phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium.
Top dressing of tangerines is carried out, starting in March and ending in September, once every two weeks. IN autumn time it is worth carrying out such manipulations less often - once a month.
Experienced flower growers also recommend organizing indoor tangerines feeding organic fertilizers. In this case, it is necessary to dilute well-infused cow dung, adhering to a ratio of 1:10.
Transfer
Young trees need to be replanted annually, and adults - with an interval of two years. For transplanting, it is best to purchase a special soil designed for citrus fruits. It is advisable to move the plant into a pot, the diameter of which is no more than five centimeters larger than before. The organization of a sufficiently good drainage layer in the new container also plays an extremely important role.
The best time to transplant a tangerine is early spring, when the active growing season is just beginning. A couple of days before this procedure, it is worth abandoning the use of fertilizers. Feeding is not carried out for two weeks after transplantation. At the end of this procedure, you need to water the tree, and after half an hour add soil (if necessary) and water again.
Additional Information
In order to get a lush tree in a pot in a home flower garden, indoor tangerine needs to pinch the branches. It is also worth periodically removing dried leaves, stretched twigs and extra flowers. For every fifteen leaves, no more than one ovary should be left. And when fruiting, the branches must be tied to a support so that they do not break.
