What is sprayed with tangerines. How to properly care for a tangerine tree. Do I need to transplant tangerine
tangerine tree belongs to the citrus family. It is evergreen and does not shed its foliage even in winter. Today, many species of this plant are known that can successfully grow and bear fruit at home.
The most popular of them are:
- Konkhinkhin- most popular variety grown in industrial scale. In nature, it can reach up to 3-4 m in height. But at home, this species is too whimsical and, with proper care, can only grow up to 1 meter.
- Yingshiu- popular and unpretentious appearance. Easily tolerates a drop in temperature to -5 degrees. The fruits are very sweet and fragrant with almost no pits. Ideal for growing at home.
- Tangerine characterized by elongated fruits and plump skin. Tangerines are very sweet and tasty, but have a specific pungent smell that not everyone likes.
In addition, breeders have bred many hybrid species that are more hardy and unpretentious, and therefore caring for them will not be difficult.
Popular tangerine tree hybrids include:
- Clementine. Its leaves are narrow and elongated, and the fruits are bright and juicy. This variety is especially valued for its taste and aroma.
- Minneola- This is a hybrid obtained by crossing grapefruit and tangerine, so the fruits have a bitter taste. The size of the fruit can be different, the color is bright, red-orange. The skin is thick and hard to remove.
- Tangor is different large fruits, which can reach up to 15 cm in diameter. They taste very sweet and juicy. In addition, there are several varieties, with variegated coloring not only of leaves, but also of fruits.
- Ellendale unpretentious plant, giving a large harvest in the form of very sweet fruits. Yes, but finding a seedling of this hybrid is quite difficult.
Mandarin tree care
In order for the tangerine tree not only to please with its foliage and flowers, but also to bear fruit, it is necessary to properly care for it and create comfortable conditions.
To do this, it is necessary to take into account such important factors as lighting, air humidity, top dressing, etc.
1. Location
It is not difficult to guess what is especially important for a tangerine tree bright lighting. This is especially true in cold period year, so place the pot in the southern part of the apartment.
The southwest or southeast sides are also perfect. But do not forget to shade the plant during the heat so that it does not get burned.
During a period when the weather outside is warm enough, it is better to place a tree on a balcony or veranda. If you live in a private house, then you can dig the plant right with the pot.
Before you transfer the tangerine tree to the sun, you need to give it time to get used to the direct rays. For this purpose, the pot is placed in partial shade and only after a while is transferred to the site.
2. Temperature regime
It is very important to provide the tangerine tree with optimal temperature conditions.
In summer, it is worth maintaining the temperature within 15-18 degrees, and in winter - 12 degrees. If you do not observe the temperature regime, then you can not wait for the appearance of fruits.
3. Humidity
The humidity level must be high enough. To achieve this, the plant is regularly sprayed several times a day. This must be done both in summer and in winter. It is also recommended to place a small bowl of water near the pot.
If the air humidity is too low, various pests, such as scale insects, spider mites, etc., will spread very quickly.
4. Lighting
Throughout the year, the lighting should be bright, but at the same time, direct sunlight should not fall on the tree. Sun rays. On too hot days, it must be shaded so that burn spots do not appear on the leaves.
5. Spraying
Mandarin tree must be sprayed all year round 2-3 times a day. This is especially true if the plant is located in a room with central heating. For spraying use settled water at room temperature.
6. Watering
For watering a tangerine tree, you can use only warm settled water. In summer, watering should be plentiful, and in winter it is better to reduce it to 2 times a week.
7. Top dressing and fertilizer
From April to September, the tangerine tree must be actively fed. For this, complex fertilizers, both mineral and organic, are used.
It is better to give preference to special fertilizers for citrus plants. Fertilize every week, after watering the tree.
In winter, feeding can be completely stopped or reduced to a minimum.
Fertilizer for citrus plants is so important, as it is this factor that affects the taste of the fruit. If you fertilize in a timely manner in the summer, then the tangerines will not be bitter.
8. Pruning and pinching
In order for the tree to have a neat appearance, and the fruits to appear as soon as possible, it must sometimes be cut off. Mercilessly get rid of weak and diseased branches. In addition, you can trim excess branches to give the crown the desired shape.
In time, pinch the apical shoots. Thanks to this, the tangerine tree will begin to branch more actively.
9. Transplant
Like other indoor plants, the tangerine tree must be replanted periodically:
- Young specimens - 1 time per year.
- Fruiting trees - 1 time in 2-3 years.
Transplantation is carried out in March, while the plant has not yet begun to actively grow. If this procedure is carried out later, it can adversely affect the condition of the tree.
In the case when young specimens have not yet completely filled the pot with their root system, then only the drainage and upper layers of the substrate can be changed.
When transplanting, do not destroy the earthen ball too much and handle the roots carefully so as not to damage them. Also make sure that the root neck is above the ground at the same level as in the old pot.
The soil for a tangerine tree may vary depending on its age. For young plants use the following mixture:
- Leaf snake.
- Sand.
- Humus.
- Sod land.
All components must be used in a ratio of 1:1:1:2.
The substrate for an adult tree is different in that sod land it is necessary to take not 2 parts, but 3. In addition, it is advisable to add a small amount of oily clay.
10. Diseases and pests
The tangerine tree is very vulnerable to pests such as spider mites and scale insects.
The soil after the procedure should be abundantly sprinkled with ash. If necessary, after a week, all actions are repeated.
There is also a more radical method of pest control. The tree can be treated with special preparations that are sold in ordinary flower shops.
In order to enhance the effect, you can cover the plant with polyethylene and leave it under such a cap for a couple of hours. Remember that the fruits after such processing should not be eaten for at least a week.
reproduction
A tangerine tree can even be grown from a seed, but this method is not very common. The fact is that fruits from such a plant can be expected for more than one year, since it begins to bear fruit after 10 or even 15 years.
Even if you are lucky, it may turn out that the resulting tangerines taste bitter. You can, of course, bud or graft from another citrus plant, but in this case, the result may not be as expected.
The easiest way to propagate a tangerine tree is by cuttings. Root cuttings in a pot covered with a jar. A young plant will begin to bloom and bear fruit in a year.
Answers to frequently asked questions
Why do leaves fall from a tangerine tree?
When the leaves fall occasionally and in small quantities - this is a natural process. If the foliage began to intensively turn yellow and fall off, then this may indicate that the plant does not have enough lighting, it is watered incorrectly (dry, flooded), or there was a significant temperature difference when the tree was transferred to winter mode.
The leaves have turned brown. What is the reason?
As a rule, the leaves of the tangerine tree become Brown due to excess fertilizer.
To prevent the appearance of pests, it is necessary to adhere to all the rules for caring for the plant. It is also necessary to periodically treat the leaves with soapy foam. But be careful not to get soapy water into the substrate. To prevent this, it is enough to cover the pot with polyethylene.
Exotic plants can be a real decoration of the house. Of course, growing them on your own from seeds is not at all easy, but you can buy an already grown seedling of such a tree or flower and just organize the right balanced care for it. So, homemade citrus fruits are very popular among amateurs: tangerines and oranges, as well as laurels, etc. And growing them in an ordinary apartment is not so difficult. Today we will talk about how to care for a homemade tangerine in a pot.
So, indoor tangerine- This is a representative of the rue family, an evergreen plant that grows successfully in greenhouses and various winter gardens. Although this tree can reach a fairly large size, it is quite possible to grow it on a windowsill. In addition, on sale now you can find dwarf and undersized tangerines, the height of which does not exceed sixty centimeters - one meter.
How to care for tangerine at home?
Optimum lighting
In order for this exotic tree to feel good, readers of "Popular about Health" need to organize proper lighting- good enough, but with a minimum amount of direct sunlight. If the plant feels a lack of light, it may practically not bloom, and with a strong lack of lighting, its leaves will become pale, the shoots will begin to stretch and weaken. So it is best to place a pot with a plant on the windowsill of an east or southeast window; when growing on the south side, it is advisable to organize a shading for a pet from direct sunlight. In the hot season, it is quite possible to take the tree outside, but it is worth gradually accustoming it to open space.
In cold weather, it is extremely important to place a pot of tangerine in the most illuminated place, and it is even better to organize additional lighting for it.
Optimal temperature performance
It is best to grow indoor tangerine in the summer at a temperature of twenty to twenty-five degrees. At the stage of budding, as well as during the flowering period, it is desirable to slightly reduce the temperature of the content - up to twenty degrees or even slightly lower. At higher temperatures, the tree may drop flowers or buds. In cold weather, in order to organize a period of small rest for the pet, it is worth lowering the temperature of the content to five to ten degrees. If the tree has the opportunity to rest during the winter, it will bloom and bear fruit much better.
How to water correctly homemade tangerine ?
Indoor tangerines at home are quite resistant to a lack of life-giving moisture. They successfully tolerate a lack of watering, and in case of severe drought, they can only shed their leaves. Quite often, such plants suffer from excessive moisture, which can lead to the development of fungal diseases.
So it’s worth watering the tree only after the soil in the pot dries out a little. It is advisable to carry out this manipulation in the morning. During the period of temperature decrease (in winter), watering is reduced, performing it only to maintain life.
Humidity
For all their drought resistance, indoor tangerines really do not like dry air. Therefore, they should be systematically sprayed. With a lack of moisture environment plants can be affected by spider mites. But during the flowering period, it is extremely important to ensure that water droplets do not fall on the mandarin flowers.
top dressing
In order for exotic trees to look attractive and remain healthy, they must be fed. After all, the soil in the pot is depleted quite quickly. For top dressing, it is worth using soluble fertilizers, they can be used for both irrigation and spraying, but in the second case, the concentration should be very weak. From fertilizers, you can use any complex mixtures that have in their composition the main particles, needed by plants, they are represented by phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium.
Top dressing of tangerines is carried out, starting in March and ending in September, once every two weeks. IN autumn time it is worth carrying out such manipulations less often - once a month.
Experienced flower growers also recommend organizing indoor tangerines feeding organic fertilizers. In this case, it is necessary to dilute well-infused cow dung, adhering to a ratio of 1:10.
Transfer
Young trees need to be replanted annually, and adults - with an interval of two years. For transplanting, it is best to purchase a special soil designed for citrus fruits. It is advisable to move the plant into a pot, the diameter of which is no more than five centimeters larger than before. The organization of a sufficiently good drainage layer in the new container also plays an extremely important role.
Best time for transplanting mandarin - early spring, when the period of active vegetation is just beginning. A couple of days before this procedure, it is worth abandoning the use of fertilizers. Feeding is not carried out for two weeks after transplantation. At the end of this procedure, you need to water the tree, and after half an hour add soil (if necessary) and water again.
Additional Information
In order to get a lush tree in a pot in a home flower garden, indoor tangerine needs to pinch the branches. It is also worth periodically removing dried leaves, stretched twigs and extra flowers. For every fifteen leaves, no more than one ovary should be left. And when fruiting, the branches must be tied to a support so that they do not break.
Many amateur flower growers sometimes had the thought of planting a seed from a tangerine. But will the tree not only grow, but also bear fragrant fruits? For this to happen, it is necessary to carry out proper care at home for the tangerine tree.
In nature, there are many varieties and species of this plant. They differ in the height of the crown and its shape, the number of fruits, their color, taste and aroma. For home growing a tree is suitable, which will have a small amount of medium-sized fruits, as well as small sizes.
Some types of tangerine tree:
- tangerine - has a lot of advantages among other varieties and is great for growing in an apartment;
- tangerine wavy - pleases with a neat crown, the fruits have a diameter of no more than 7 cm;
- small-fruited group - the main representatives are shiva-mikan (has a sour taste), as well as mukaku-kishiu and kishiu (sweet varieties);
- hybrids.
Due to the variety of varieties, any grower will find for himself the kind of homemade tangerine that will suit him with the taste of fruits and their appearance. But it is necessary to pay attention to the growing conditions of this plant. For example, the unshiu variety takes root most well in an apartment, since it tolerates low temperatures and lack of sunlight.
Tangerine tree: the nuances of growing
It will be possible to get fruits from a homemade tangerine only a few years after planting. And it is worth considering that in most cases, daughter plants from a germinated seed do not retain the taste properties of the mother bush. At home, small and sour fruits are almost always obtained, which will perfectly decorate the interior, but are not suitable for eating. To transfer the qualities of a parent to a new tree, you will need to propagate the mandarin using cuttings or grafting.
The plant requires suitable conditions for its growth, so you need to allocate a sufficient amount of free time to care for it.
How to grow from seed at home?
Bones of almost any kind are suitable for growing tangerines. However, it is important to study in advance the characteristics of a particular variety. It is also necessary to pay attention to the soil and the shape of the pot for planting. In order for the plant to sprout and grow stronger, you need to properly plant the existing bones.
Selection of planting material
To plant a tangerine tree from a seed, you will first need to germinate it. To do this, it is recommended to wrap the planting material in several layers of gauze and moisten it thoroughly with water. After a couple of days, small sprouts will begin to hatch from the seeds, and they themselves will significantly increase in size and swell. Then they can be planted in prepared soil.
Also, fresh bones that have not yet had time to dry are suitable for planting. They do not need to be soaked in advance, and the likelihood of seedlings increases significantly.
Soil and pot requirements
The tangerine tree won't grow in acidic soil, so the grower must follow this.
To prepare the substrate yourself, you will need:
- 2/5 humus;
- 2/5 forest land;
- 1/5 sand.
You can also purchase ready-made soil from a grow shop. The soil should have a non-acidic environment (neutral PH) and be suitable for planting tangerines. Peat as a soil coma is not suitable.
How to plant?
As the first container, you can use ordinary plastic cups or small transparent pots with a diameter of not more than 10 cm. It is better to prepare a separate container for each bone.
First you need to make a small hole in the soil to a depth of 4 cm, carefully place the stone there and cover it with earth. The substrate throughout the germination should be moist, respectively, it will need to be moistened as needed. The air temperature in the room should reach 20-25 degrees.
On average, germination of mandarin takes from 2 to 4 weeks. If several sprouts appear from one bone at once, the weakest ones must be carefully removed.
Transplanting mandarin seedlings
The first transplantation of young seedlings is carried out when the root system completely fills the container. This explains the recommendation to plant seeds in a plastic cup or other transparent container - this way it will be easier for the grower to observe the growth of the roots of the plant.
A young tree will need to be pulled out of the first pot along with an earthy clod and transferred to a suitable larger container. It will be necessary to perform a transplant every year until the tangerine begins to bear the first fruits.
Will a tree grown from a seed bear fruit?
If you take proper care of this plant, it will bear fruit without fail. True, this will happen no earlier than in 3-4 years. It should also be remembered that ornamental plants with rather sour fruits grow from the stone in most cases.
Tangerine tree: care
From proper care a plant of the genus citrus is completely dependent on its appearance, as well as the taste properties of the resulting fruits. You will need to comply with all growing conditions, properly water the green pet and fertilize the soil in time.
Growing conditions
The most suitable place for a mandarin will be a windowsill on a south or east window. Here the plant will feel comfortable, as it loves bright and scattered sunlight. From direct rays, the tree will need to be shaded.
The air temperature should not fall below 16 degrees in the summer, and in winter the mandarin can withstand "frosts" up to 12 degrees above zero. In the cold season, it is important to provide the plant with a lower temperature and wintering. If this does not happen, the fruits on next year you won't have to wait.
Attention! Main Feature Mandarin is his addiction to one-way lighting. The flower should not often be turned around its axis, as stress can shed its leaves and even die.
How to water correctly?
Also, the grower will need to know how to properly water the tangerine tree. This plant is very fond of moisture, so in the summer it must be watered every other day. In winter, watering is reduced and the tangerine will have enough moisture in the soil once a week.
In summer, be sure to spray the leaves several times a day, while not touching the flowers with water. It is also recommended to place a small container of water next to the plant to maintain an optimal level of air humidity.
Fertilizer and top dressing
It is imperative to carry out top dressing, starting in March and ending in early autumn. During this period, the kidneys are actively developing, which will require the supply of mineral fertilizer.
What should be in top dressing:
- nitrogen;
- phosphorus;
- potassium.
Also, mandarin can be fertilized with mullein manure, diluted in water in a ratio of 1 to 10. Feed should be fed once every one and a half weeks, alternating the type of feeding. In winter, fertilizers are reduced to once a month.
Shaping and trimming
Often at home it is not necessary to form a crown, since the varieties initially have decorative look. The grower will only need to pluck the shoots during their germination from the seed. If the plant has given birth to heavy fruits, it should be tied to a support.
How to plant mandarin at home?
Grafting is also one of the ways to propagate mandarin. To achieve the goal, you will need to take plants with a trunk thickness of at least 0.5 cm, and the rootstock should be about 1-3 years old. The shoot is cut off from the plant from which they want to get a daughter tree. It must have one bud and leaf.
How to plant a tangerine:
- Make a T-shaped incision on the rootstock. Its length should be no more than 2 cm.
- Gently move the bark at the site of the cut, place the rootstock of the tree there.
- Then the bark must be returned to its place, and the incision should be covered with garden pitch.
- It remains to wrap the place of grafting with electrical tape.
Successful grafting is characterized by yellowing of the cutting and the leaf falling from it. If this does not happen, the shoot will turn black.
The tree itself must be placed in an improvised greenhouse from an ordinary plastic bag. After a month, you will need to cut the stock with a pruner, cutting obliquely, remove the electrical tape and cover the cut with garden pitch.
Disease and pest control
The tangerine tree is sick in the same way as any other house plant - due to improper care. The appearance of diseases is affected by unsuitable air humidity and the microclimate in the room, as well as a lack of necessary elements in the soil.
The most common diseases are:
- Anthracnose. Manifested by yellowing and falling leaves with deformation of the bark. For treatment, treatment with "Fitosporin" is used. The affected part of the plant is recommended to be destroyed.
- Gommose citrus. Red spots form on the trunk. This can happen due to improper planting, damage to the trunk, lack of necessary drainage, or an excess of fertilizer. You can correct the situation by treating cracks with a light solution of vitriol. From above it is necessary to cover them with garden pitch.
- Scab. It looks like small transparent spots, which subsequently turn into gray warty formations. Spraying the plant three times with Bordeaux liquid will help to cure the plant.
- Spider mite. Manifested by a cobweb on the leaves. Initially, it is necessary to remove pests from the tangerine with an old toothbrush, and then give it a contrast shower. The soil should be sprinkled with ash. You will need to repeat the procedure in a week and a half.
If you take care of the tangerine tree according to all the rules, you can get an excellent living decoration in any interior. When bright orange fruits begin to bloom on it, this will definitely cheer up the owner and attract the attention of all guests at home.
Homemade orange and tangerine tree looks beautiful and spectacular. During its flowering, white fragrant buds are formed. And after a while delicious fruits are formed. If grown in a bonsai style, you can get a real work of art. The article will tell you about how the plant looks, what varieties are suitable for an apartment, how to properly organize care at home.
Orange and mandarin house is flowery evergreen. Belongs to the genus citrus, the rue family (calamondin). The height is 4-5 meters. The yield varies from 5000 to 7000 fruits per tree. The crown is round and spreading, with a diameter of about 3.5 meters. The bark is light grey. Young shoots are dark green. The leaves are leathery and small in size. They are egg-shaped, pointed at the end. Photos of the tangerine tree can be seen in the specialized literature.
Growing mandarin at home
At home, growing tangerine, kiwi, pomegranate, persimmon is easy. When planted with a stone, the tree begins to bloom and bear fruit after 7-8 years. But such a state can be achieved much faster if, at the age of 4, grafting is performed from a fruit-bearing tree. If you do not want to mess with planting and propagation, it is better to buy a plant in a specialized store or order it online. Usually fruits are formed without artificial pollination.
To get a good harvest, the plant must be properly looked after, fertilized.
From the bone, seeds
Planting a pit is the easiest way to get a tangerine tree at home. But this process is lengthy. In addition, not all varieties form seeds. For landing should buy quality material that has been properly stored, not exposed to direct sunlight, or frozen. Seeds need to be washed and dried. Then they are wrapped in a damp cotton cloth. When the bones increase in size and sprouts begin to hatch, they are planted in a pot with a fertile substrate. As the plant grows, it is transplanted into a larger container. It is better to sow several seeds at once, because the percentage of their germination is average. It is important to consider that fruits grown from the stone are inedible. Therefore, in order to improve the taste, they are vaccinated. You can watch the video for more details on the process.
Grafting a tangerine seedling
Grafting a tangerine seedling allows you to get a bountiful harvest. The procedure is carried out in the period from April to May or in the month of August. It is important to take the best rootstock and cuttings from the fruiting healthy tree. Use biennial or annual branches of grapefruit. Thorns and leaves are cut from the cutting. A plant with a well-developed bark is suitable for a rootstock. The barrel is first wiped from dust and dirt. Then a small T-shaped incision is made on the bark. The bark is removed with a knife and the cutting is inserted into the hole. This area is smeared with garden pitch, wrapped with a cloth, leaving only a kidney on the surface. Grafted homemade mandarin is covered plastic bottle or plastic bag to create a greenhouse effect. After three weeks, the branch should take root.
Cuttings for growing a tangerine tree
Often for growing decorative tree cutting is used. A small branch with a leaf can be bought at a specialty store or cut off from an existing tree. The stalk is planted in a fertile, loose substrate. Then it is plentifully watered and covered with a plastic bottle. After 60 days, the branch will take root, leaves will begin to appear. It is allowed to remove the shelter only when the plant is fully strengthened. Further care consists in timely irrigation, annual transplantation and top dressing.
Crossing mandarin with other citrus fruits
At home, it is easy to get hybrid forms of mandarin. To do this, they cross with other citrus plants. For example, with lemon, orange, grapefruit. When a mandarin is crossed with a North African orange, a clementine is obtained. The tree produces medium-sized or small, orange-red, flattened fruits. To cross, you need to pollinate the flowers of one plant with the pollen of another. The seeds obtained from the fruit are planted in a box with a fertile substrate. To grow such a hybrid, a vaccination is needed. Without this procedure good harvest not achieve. If provide clementine the necessary conditions content, after a few years the tree will begin to bear fruit.
Features of tree care
When keeping mandarin at room temperature, it is important to observe the light and temperature conditions.
In order for the young plant to get stronger, the first three years after planting, all ovaries and flowers are removed. Only in the fourth year the tree is allowed to bear fruit. But since at this age the branches are still weak and thin, it is impossible for more than 6 fruits to form. Every year the plant will be able to produce more and more fruits. It is desirable to tie shoots during fruiting. If care is organized correctly, about 60 tangerines can be collected from one adult tree.
Temperature and lighting
Mandarin is a light and thermophilic plant. Therefore, it should be placed on the east, south or west window. In this case, it is necessary to build shading from the midday sun. IN winter time install additional lighting. In summer, the tree is taken out to the veranda or balcony. But to fresh air the plant should be accustomed gradually. The optimum temperature is +25 degrees in summer and +17 degrees in winter. In order for the aged mandarin to bear fruit abundantly, experts recommend cold wintering: keep the pot in a room where the temperature does not exceed +12 degrees.
Watering a tangerine tree
In spring and autumn, irrigate once a day with settled warm water. The irrigation regime must be adjusted so as to prevent waterlogging and drying of the soil so that the mandarin does not shed its leaves. Excess moisture causes rotting of the roots, and its deficiency leads to leaf fall. The tangerine tree prefers high humidity, so regular spraying will be useful. It is important to ensure that during spraying and watering water does not fall on the flowers. Experts advise putting a pot of wood on a pallet with wet expanded clay, pebbles or moss.
Soil requirements and necessary fertilizers
To grow homemade tangerine, use slightly acidic soil. Can be bought in the store ready soil for citrus fruits or prepare the substrate yourself from soddy and leafy soil, clay, humus and coarse sand. Fertilize begins in June, when the plant enters a phase of active growth. Nutrients paid twice a month. Feed after the irrigation procedure, so as not to burn the root system. As fertilizers, it is better to use an infusion of cow dung, yeast. Suitable and special formulations for citrus. In winter, top dressing is not carried out.
Transplanting a tangerine tree
Transplantation is carried out as the tree grows. For young plant this procedure is carried out once a year. Tangerines older than 7 years are transplanted every two years. Use the transfer method. The new pot should be 6 centimeters larger than the previous one. WITH 
once planted in a large container can not be. This is fraught with root rot. Do not repot during flowering. The best time for such an event is the beginning of spring. Feeding should be stopped a few days before the planned transplant date.
For the procedure to be successful, you must adhere to the algorithm of actions:
- Water the tree generously.
- Remove the plant from the old container.
- Place carefully in a new pot.
- Sprinkle with earth.
- Lightly moisten the soil.
Reproduction, pruning, shaping
Mandarin is propagated at home in a generative or vegetative way. The first method involves growing from the bone. The essence of the second is the rooting of branches. When choosing cuttings, you should use a special rooting solution. Then the percentage of survival will increase several times. Both methods take a lot of time. Therefore, some flower growers prefer to buy already grafted indoor tangerine in the store.
Usually home varieties are undersized. If you form the crown correctly, you can create a bonsai tree that will become a real decoration of the room. To make the plant look neat, you need to control the growth of side shoots and tops. To do this, pruning is carried out lowered down and growing inward branches.
Varieties for home growing
For growing tangerines at home, varieties are used that are short and compact. The most popular are Unshiu, tangerines of the Vase group, Shiva-Mikan, Clementine. Unshiu is Japanese variety, which is characterized by unpretentiousness, precocity, good branching. The tree grows up to 1.5 meters. Flowering is plentiful, falls on the spring season. The fruits ripen at the end of November. The tree is resistant to low temperatures.
Kowano-Wase and Miyagawa-Wase are dwarf varieties that range in height from 40 to 80 centimeters. Kovano-Vase grows no more than 50 centimeters. Is different abundant flowering. The tree bears fruit in the second year of life, gives orange-yellow fruits of a rounded flattened shape. The advantages include frost resistance and high yield. Miyagawa Washe is the most tall variety in Vasya's group. It is characterized by large fruits that have a smooth thin skin and are pitted. Fruits ripen in September and retain their taste for a long time.
Shiva Mikan is a fast growing, compact variety that produces small but very sweet fruits. Shiva-Mikan tangerines ripen in summer. Often grown in apartments and Clementine - a hybrid of orange and tangerine. The tree enters fruiting in the second year of life. One plant produces about 50 orange-red fruits per year. Fruit contains many seeds.
Potential Growing Problems
If you follow all the rules of care, take into account the characteristics of the variety, there will be no problems when growing a tree. But beginners often make mistakes in keeping a citrus plant for a month. Often flower growers notice that the foliage begins to turn yellow, curl and fall off. 
This happens for various reasons:
- The tree is getting old.
- Light deficiency.
- Too dry air.
- The transplant was done incorrectly.
- There are drafts in the apartment.
When the yellowing starts from the bottom of the crown and spreads upward, there is most likely a nitrogen deficiency. If first the young leaves turn yellow and dry, and then the old ones, this means that the tree is deficient in iron. It happens that the leaves begin to fall off for no apparent reason. In this case, resuscitation and top dressing with potassium nitrate should be carried out. If the cancer is cured and the cause of the yellowing of the foliage is eliminated, the tree will quickly recover.
Mandarin is susceptible to such pests:
- Spider mite. It is manifested by the appearance of light small dots on the underside of the sheet.
- Mealy worm. It looks like a white fluffy coating.
- Aphid. These are small insects of a light green color.
- Shchitovka. A sticky syrup-like coating forms on the leaves.
citrus products
Tangerines are considered low-calorie, so they are often used in diet food. Drinks, juices, classic compotes, lemonade are prepared from this fruit. They make Isabella wine and chacha from it, alcohol and grapes. There are also recipes for compotes and pomace from dandelions, apples and plums with alcohol. There are many recipes that allow you to create a real dietary treat from healthy tangerine.
For example, crusts, candied fruits are delicious. To prepare them, soak the crust in water for a day. Then cut it into thin strips. Boil candied fruits in sugar syrup for an hour. Then they are laid out on a baking sheet and left to dry.
In the East, fresh slices of this fruit are added to sweet soups and vegetable salads. Delicious ice cream is obtained from tangerine, milk, condensed milk, sour cream. Mandarin is peeled and mashed with a blender. Add condensed milk and sour cream. Mix everything and pour the mass into a container with a lid. Put in the freezer for 6 hours. Every 40 minutes you need to take out the container and mix the ice cream. It is recommended to serve dessert with fruit syrup.
Kirill Sysoev
Calloused hands do not know boredom!
Indoor tangerine among the abundance of plants, according to many florists, occupies a special place. ornamental bush pleases with a cheerful and bright color of fruits and leaves. The leaves are leathery and wide. It is believed that a light and delicate aroma can help get rid of headaches, relieve anxiety, irritation, give a feeling of cheerfulness and improve mood. How to grow a tangerine tree related to citrus plants, find out further.
How to grow mandarin at home
If you are going to grow a tangerine tree at home, check out two ways to solve this problem. In farms, citrus fruit trees are obtained by grafting. If you want to enjoy juicy tangerines, you can perform this procedure yourself. At home, you can prepare seeds and grow a tangerine tree from them, remembering to follow all the rules of care. by the most in a simple way is the purchase of a ready-made seedling.
Buying a ready seedling
Deciding to grow homemade tangerine at home, buy in a specialized online store horticultural crops or nursery ready seedling. Often sell plants that have a closed root system, ie. immediately in an earthy coma or pot, packed in a bag. In the first case, a mandatory transplant into a container will be required. If you are looking for more economical option, then it is best to use the second method, i.e. growing a citrus tree from the seed of a ripe fruit.
Growing mandarin from the stone
This way of growing an ornamental citrus tree at home can bring some moral pleasure. Although, it will take an order of magnitude longer than buying and transplanting a finished seedling. For sprouting, you will need to select a few seeds from juicy, sweet and ripe fruits to increase your chances of success. Soak selected seeds in warm water. To do this, place them between 2-3 layers of gauze and put on a saucer.
As the gauze dries, be sure to keep it moist for several days until the pits swell. If you do not have the opportunity to wait for several days, then try soaking ordinary seeds in water for 2-3 hours, adding a few drops of Epin, which is a growth stimulant, to it. As soon as the first sprouts hatch, you can plant the bush in the ground. In general, competently prepare the seeds of this exotic plant any beginner florist can.
Land for the tangerine tree
Prepare a pot or a regular seedling box, and fill it with a layer of soil to transplant the hatched seeds into it. Despite the fact that indoor tangerine is unpretentious in relation to the ground, experts still strongly recommend taking this moment seriously. It is best to use a mixture consisting of:
- 1 part leafy earth;
- 3 parts of soddy soil;
- 1 part rotted cow dung;
- clay;
- sand.
How to plant a tangerine in a pot
To grow decorative mandarin, do not use peat, which often turns sour, dries quickly and does not have special nutritional properties. This component is available in almost all those mixtures that can be bought in specialized stores. Don't forget about drainage layer. Put expanded clay or small ordinary pebbles on the bottom of a dry container, then fill the pot with the composition of the above components. Then place the swollen bones in the ground to a depth of 5-7 cm. The pot with planted seeds should be placed in a well-lit place.
soil drainage
To form a lush and bright bush, you will need to pay attention to the drainage of the container in which it will grow. As already mentioned, put crushed stone, small expanded clay pebbles on the bottom of the pot, but if you don’t have any of the above at hand, then use fragments of ceramic dishes. Before planting a tangerine and laying the soil, be sure to thoroughly flush the drainage. In general, it is necessary so that excess liquid from the soil is discharged into the sump. Thanks to this, effective prevention of fluid stagnation and root rot is carried out.
Where to place a flower pot with an escape
Caring for a tangerine at home requires a competent approach, of particular importance is the location of the tree, which will delight you with its beautiful leaves and flowers. The period of the beginning of flowering and growth activity will depend on the conditions created. houseplant need bright and good lighting. When daylight hours get shorter, add artificial light. Do not make a sudden transition, as the plant may shed its young leaves.
How to care for a tangerine tree
An actively growing and beautiful tangerine tree is the result of systematic and proper care. For an indoor ornamental plant, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions with a certain temperature and humidity level. We should not forget about the peculiarities of watering, as well. in a difficult situation, the bush can shed its foliage to reduce the amount of moisture evaporated from the surface. When the branches begin to bear fruit, they need to be tied to a support. We should not forget about possible pests and diseases.
Air temperature and humidity
The best temperature regime for a tangerine seedling is a temperature of + 15-18 degrees in the warm season and +12 degrees in the winter. In hotter weather, the plant begins to bear fruit and bloom worse - buds and ovaries are weakly formed at this time. At the same time, it is important to avoid sudden changes in temperature, but in order for the plant to become stronger, it must be hardened, i.e. help him adjust to changes in lighting and temperature regime. To do this, take the plant out for a short time in the afternoon in the spring. covered veranda or balcony.
Very important for mandarin and humidity. On hot, dry days and in winter, when heating dries out the air in the room, you need to spray frequently. ornamental plant sometimes up to three times a day. You can put a bowl of water on the windowsill or some other humidifier, for example, an imitation of a fountain or waterfall. When the bush begins to bloom, spray carefully to avoid getting moisture on the flowers and buds. It is better to replace this procedure with regular rubbing of the leaves.
illumination
Without enough light, a decorative indoor tangerine will not grow large. The easiest way is to put a container with a plant on the windowsill of the southern part of the house, but this is fraught with leaf burns. A more acceptable option is the side of the east or southeast windows. If South side will be the only possible choice, then in spring and summer you will have to shade the plant. In winter, the south window will become the best place for a seedling. When daylight hours are shortened, add artificial lighting using special phytolamps.
How to water indoor tangerine
The tree needs regular and frequent watering. In hot weather, water 2-3 times a day. In the winter period of the year, while maintaining good moisture, 2-time watering per week will be sufficient. It is better to pour water for this procedure into a container, for example, into a bottle, so that it has time to settle and warm up to room temperature.
With a short-term lack of moisture, the tangerine tree will not die, but at the same time it can throw off part of the leaves or all of the foliage. On "bald" places fresh herbs will no longer appear, so try to avoid unexpected leaf fall. Leaves will only appear on new branches. The frequent transfusion of the plant with water will not do any good, either. this will lead to the appearance of fungal diseases.
How to feed a tangerine tree at home
Whole growing season, i.e. from April to September, the tree needs top dressing. Every week it must be fertilized with organic or mineral fertilizers which can be interchanged. This is especially necessary for mature trees growing in cramped containers, and without transplants and soil renewal. In one week, the plant can be watered with a solution of liquid mullein, and after a week, it can be treated with a garden complex fertilizer specially designed for citrus trees. Water the soil before fertilizing.
Mineral mixtures based on phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen
In a specialized garden store you can already buy ready composition for citrus. Make sure that the solution includes minerals such as potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen. Feeding is recommended in the morning. The temperature of the solution should not be less than +20 degrees. Follow the recommended nutrient solution recipe exactly. Here the rule applies - it is better not to add than to overfill. Excessive concentration, excess fertilizer can lead to a burn of the stem or leaves, and even to the death of the plant.
organic fertilizers
A tangerine tree can be fed with both mineral and organic fertilizers, and it is best to alternate them. To prepare a natural nutritional composition, you will need cow dung or bird droppings. Dilute part of the dry component in 10-12 parts of water, infuse the resulting composition for 2 to 4 days, then apply in small portions. Be sure to moisten the soil before doing this.
Rules for caring for homemade mandarin
In order for your tangerine tree to be as bright and pleasing to the eye as in the photo of one of the gardening magazines, attach special importance to caring for it. Many of the rules listed above for a plant seedling apply to a grown tree. In addition, it is necessary to carry out periodic pruning of branches and pinching the tops of the shoots. In addition, remove all dried twigs, leaves and shoots stretched down from the tree. Such measures will help form a compact mandarin with a lush and dense crown. We should not forget about the need for transplantation.
Partial removal of flowers
In order to avoid excessive load on the tree in the first years of fruiting, it is recommended to pinch the flowers. Leave only a few flowers on the trunk of the tangerine tree. In this way, you can achieve fragrant and large fruits without depleting the plant itself. Let there be only a few beautiful and fragrant flowers on the stem of the plant, but later you will enjoy beautiful and large fruits.
Pinching the tops of branches
As the tree grows, it is necessary to periodically pinch the tops of the shoots. This is necessary in order for the tree to form a thick and lush crown. With the right formation, it will turn into a real decoration of the room. This can be achieved by controlling the growth of the top and shoots, which must be removed from time to time, i.e. pinch. With the appearance of each new sprout, pinch the top when 5-6 leaves are formed. It is also necessary to get rid of tops (strong shoots) that grow rapidly from the root itself.
Removal of stretched branches and dried leaves
Timely remove stretched twigs, dried leaves, so that your exotic tree grew really lush and fruitful. Often they try to grow a homemade tangerine as a bonsai. For this purpose, remove the growing tops of the shoots to the desired length. As a result, your labors will not be in vain - you will get delicious fruits with a thin peel that easily separates from the pulp.
Why does the tangerine shed its leaves
If the basic rules of care are not followed, diseases occur in the tangerine tree. Do not ignore the threat that various pests can pose. These include red spider mites, scale insects, citrus whiteflies. Dropping leaves does not always indicate the presence of a disease, because. this can also occur during a period of relative rest on cold days.
What to do
If pests have become the cause of dropping leaves, then wipe all the leaves of the tree with special solutions. A few procedures are enough to get rid of all unwanted "guests". Yellowing foliage can be a signal that the plant lacks minerals. During nitrogen deficiency, yellowing begins with lower leaves. In addition, a mandarin can react in this way to the absence the right amount moisture, lack of light. Move the plant to a well-lit area and remember to water regularly.
Methods for propagating a tangerine tree
Most economical way to get a tangerine seedling is to grow it from a seed. This approach will take you a lot of time and patience. If the tree already exists, and you want to get offspring from it, then choose one of the following methods:
- Propagation is by layering, which are well-formed branches of a tree. Select a branch from an adult tangerine with a thickness of 4 mm and a length sufficient to bend the branch and pin it to the ground. You do not need to separate the branch from the bush, just dig it in with earth. At the same time, the top will protrude on the surface of the soil. Keep the dig site moist. When new roots form at the cutting, separate the branch from the mother plant.
- Reproduction is carried out by cuttings. For this, the so-called air layering is used - the stalk takes root "on weight". An adult shoot is cut in a circle, cutting off the bark about 1 cm wide, after which the wound is treated, wrapped with sphagnum moss and polyethylene (loosely). It is necessary to maintain the resulting "chrysalis" in a wet state until the roots form - it will take several months.
How to transplant a tangerine at home
The plant begins to need a transplant when the container becomes cramped. For young tangerines, this procedure should be carried out annually, and for trees from 7 years old - once every two years. Do not transplant the plant during flowering, it is better to do this in early spring. The new pot should be a few centimeters larger than the previous one. root collar during transplantation, it is not worth deepening, because. bark may be damaged. The excess kidney is crushed, and then transferred to a new container with drainage and soil.
Pest control
Pest control is of particular importance when caring for a tangerine tree. Citrus fruits are more susceptible to them. This is due to the fact that they have a very attractive aroma. More about how to fight:
- Aphid. If there are few insects, then wash the stem with leaves with a solution of laundry soap.
- Damaged aphids can be treated with a decoction of wormwood or nettle.
- Garlic water is a good way to deal with aphids.
- To fight spider mites use garlic water at home, laundry soap, tobacco dust. Create a spray mixture based on them.
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