Mango tree at home. How to grow a mango tree from a stone at home: planting and care. Adult plant care
I recently returned from hot Thailand and, of course, brought with me an exotic mango.
Mang o is often called the king of fruits due to its sweet and juicy taste as well as great health benefits.
On sale you can see mangoes of several colors: yellow (many believe that they are the most ripe), green and red-green (most often found on sale in large stores / shopping centers (for example, in Auchan)).
Average mango sizes are about 15-20 cm and weight ~ 300-350 grams.
Mango was eaten instantly, and of course there was an impressive size (about 10 cm) bone.
Once I already had the practice of growing mangoes at home, but the experience was sad, the bone rotted.
To avoid my mistakes, in this review I will detail how to successfully sprout a mango seed and grow healthy plant.
➤➤ What to do with the mango bone?
The first time I wanted to sprout a seed, out of ignorance, I immediately planted it in the ground. This was my mistake, the bone did not germinate for a very long time and subsequently rotted.
This time it was decided to put the stone in the water and postpone contact with the ground for an unknown period.
Unfortunately, there was no photo, so I will schematically depict in what proportion it is necessary to pour water.
The stone should partially peek out of the water.
The total period that the bone was in the water was about 2 months.
After 1.5 months, the shell at the knuckle cracked and either growths or roots began to be visible.
It is necessary to pull out the inner "nut" with roots and growths and put it in water for some more time until the direction of growth is determined and a sprout appears.
The bone for the entire period, until it has sprouted, must be carefully washed in running water and regularly change the water in which it stands.
➤➤ What to do with a sprouted mango bone?
So, the sprout appeared. so it's time to put him in a permanent home.
A good layer of drainage is essential, as mangoes love moisture. But be careful, there should not be a swamp.
For landing, we use the most common garden soil.
We bury the bone in the ground, do not crush it, since the knuckle may have several more growths.
Young growth is growing very quickly, the plant reached a height of 10 cm in 1 week !!!
The first young leaves are brownish in color and very shiny. In the course of growing up, the leaves become bright green, very similar to an avocado.
Mango is a common exotic fruit. It grows mainly in India, as well as in a number of other tropical countries. Its main value lies in soft, juicy pulp and a pleasant sweet taste with a slight sourness. The special substances contained in its peel can cause allergic reactions in some people.
But, despite this, almost every one of us has tried it at least once and therefore knows that there is a large oblong bone inside the fetus. It can be easily germinated. So how does a mango grow?
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What does a mango tree look like?
Many of us are familiar with the long-term tropical culture from the Anacardiaceae family - mango. This tree is also known in its homeland as the mangifera. Its shoots are long and very strong; a huge number of ripe fruits grow on them. Single weight ripe fruit can reach 2 kg. A tree that grows in the tropics never sheds its leaves. It remains evergreen.
How does it grow in nature?
You can admire how mangoes grow in nature in a number of tropical countries. There, this culture, together with other trees, forms dense forests. When a mango grows naturally, the tree looks like this:
- height 25–30 meters or more;
- crown diameter 7–8 meters;
- leaf plates are lanceolate, up to 40 cm long;
- young leaves grow burgundy at first, and then acquire their characteristic green color.
When mango grows in nature, its flowering period is in February or March. His shallow yellow flowers collected in rather large pyramidal inflorescences. Their length can be 40 or more centimeters. The smell of the flowers of this tree is similar to the scent of lilies. A large number of insects and bats flock to it. After setting, the fruits grow within 3 months.
Mango is long-lived. It can grow over several centuries. Trees are known, aged 300 years, which are still actively growing and bearing fruit.
The mango root is taproot, it goes to a depth of over 6 meters. But even with such an impressive size, he is not able to hold the tree. Therefore, mango additionally develops a wide and highly branched root system. The tree grows unevenly throughout the year. It has several periods of intensive development. But, despite this, the mango bears fruit only once. Under the conditions of cultural cultivation, agronomists manage to get two waves of fruiting.
Can it be grown at home?
How does mango grow at home? - you ask. After all, in nature it is a huge tree with a wide spreading crown. So, for growing in the house they are mainly used dwarf varieties and grafted plants. They grow as small compact trees from 70 cm to 1.5 meters high. When growing grafted plants, seedlings grown from seed play the role of a rootstock.
If it is not possible to vaccinate or purchase a special dwarf variety, they are limited to constant formative pruning. To do this, 4-5 main branches are left on the tree, and the rest are cut out. Mango grows quite intensively, so its crown is trimmed several times a year.
How to grow from seed in a pot?
Many flower growers are very interested in the question of how to grow a mango from a seed? So, this is quite easy to do. The main thing is to stock up on seed from a well-ripened fruit. It can be identified by the following signs:
- The skin is reddish or yellowish.
- Soft pulp.
- Easily separated bone.
Advice! If you are interested in how a mango seed grows, then when choosing a fruit, give preference to very overripe ones. The bones in them very often begin to grow on their own.
How to germinate?
Growing mangoes at home should begin with sprouting. To do this, the seed is first thoroughly cleaned. If this step is neglected, mold will appear in the process, which will destroy it.
Attention! Germination starts immediately. Dried seeds will not grow.
The bone, peeled from the pulp, is placed in a container with warm boiled water. The water should be changed once a day. After it begins to grow, it can be planted.
And how to germinate a mango bone in another way? There is another option for germination. The seed is simply wrapped in a damp towel and placed in a warm place. In this case, you need to ensure that the towel is constantly wet. As soon as the seed begins to grow, it can be planted. So, how to plant a mango seed?
How to plant?
After germination, another question arises before the grower: how to plant a mango seed at home? So, for this you will need:
- pot with a diameter of 10–12 cm;
- universal soil;
- a small amount of expanded clay.
The planting process itself is very simple, first a drainage hole is made in the bottom of the pot. Then universal primer mixed with expanded clay. Received soil mix poured into a pot.
Attention! The main requirement for the soil mixture is a neutral level of acidity. The seedling will not grow in soil with a different acidity. He will gradually wither away and eventually die.
Also, be sure to pay attention to how the mango seed should be planted. If it is already growing, it should be planted horizontally. In other cases, landing is carried out sideways. Whichever of the landing methods is chosen, it cannot be completely covered with earth. Above the soil surface should be at least a quarter of it.
After planting is completed, the care of the planted seed is as follows:
- The pot is watered abundantly warm water.
- An impromptu greenhouse is being constructed above the landing site from the cut off top of a plastic bottle. In order to ventilate the cork on it, sometimes you need to unscrew it.
- Before the seed begins to grow, it is kept in a warm, bright place.
- You also need to constantly monitor the level of soil moisture and, if necessary, irrigate.
On average, germination takes one to two months. If there are no sprouts long time, you can try to apply growth stimulants. For example, Epin stimulates the growth processes well. Its solution is poured over the landing site.
From one seed, several sprouts usually appear at once. One of them always grows more actively. It should be left, and the rest carefully removed. At first, the sprout grows very, very slowly, but gradually its development accelerates significantly.
Care for a young fragile plant should be very thorough:
- At first, it should be regularly and plentifully watered. In this case, the main thing is to prevent the bay. So that excess moisture can drain unhindered, holes must be punched in the bottom of the pot. drainage holes.
- Also, from the first month of life, the sprout can be fed. To do this, use mineral complexes for decorative leafy plants. They should be bred in strict accordance with the attached annotation.
Attention! After watering, the surface of the soil in the pot must be loosened. Oxygen starvation will cause the seedling to grow very slowly.
After we learned how to plant a mango and how a seedling grows, it would not hurt to get acquainted with the rules of care.
What does a mango sprout look like?
Care
Caring for mango at home is quite simple. The main thing is to create the following growing conditions:
- Lighting. The mango plant grows best in intense light. Therefore, a pot with it is best placed on a south-facing window. In order for the mango to grow successfully in winter, it is provided with additional lighting from fluorescent lamps. This will prevent unwanted stretching of the shoots.
- Air humidity. Mango from the stone adapts very well. The tree grows without problems in normal room conditions with dry air. But, despite this, he needs regular spraying with soft water with a temperature slightly above room temperature. IN winter period the tree grows well even without daily spraying.
- Watering mango. The plant at home should be watered after the top soil layer has dried. It must not be allowed to dry out completely. For irrigation, use only settled water. Mango grows well with constant moderate humidity.
In addition to observing the above conditions for growing mangoes, a tree at home requires certain care measures:
- Pruning. Mango from the stone at home grows very intensively, therefore, to maintain high decorative qualities, it must be cut. Usually they start shaping after the mango grows to a height of 1 meter. First, pinch only the growing point of the main shoot. After that, side branches begin to grow, which are subsequently also cut off.
- Transfer. Growing mangoes from seed also involves transplanting. The first 5 years the tree grows intensively, so the transplant should be annual. After that, once every 2-3 years will be enough. Transplant to spring period. During this period, the tree begins to grow rapidly and therefore easily tolerates damage to the root system. In this case, the new pot should be slightly larger than the previous one. It is not recommended to transplant the plant immediately into a large one.
- Top dressing. You can grow a mango from a stone at home without the use of fertilizers. But then the tree grows weak and frail. To prevent this during the period of intensive growth, it is fed with a solution of universal fertilizer.
So we learned how to grow a mango with our own hands from an unnecessary bone, but how are things going with its flowering at room conditions?
How does this plant flower?
It has already been said about what a mango tree looks like, but how does this culture bloom at home? Mango trees bloom no earlier than 5-6 years from the moment of planting. Up to this point, they just keep growing.
But in room conditions, it is almost impossible to see their flowering. Even if the trees grow in a greenhouse or winter garden it is not always possible to admire the flowers. You can see live how mango blooms only if the culture grows in natural conditions.
Will there be fruits?
When growing mangoes at home from the seed, it is very unlikely to see the fruits themselves. Trees that grow in the house can only bear fruit if they are vaccinated. They are purchased from the appropriate nursery. You can also try to vaccinate yourself. For this you will need the following:
- Rootstock. As it is used a mango flower grown from a seed.
- Scion. As it is used a kidney from a specimen that has given fruit.
- Sharp knife.
- Insulating tape.
The very technique of grafting a mango from a stone growing in a pot is very simple. An incision is made on the root T-shape. It should be placed 1-2 cm from the root collar. Its edges are neatly bent. After that, a pre-cut kidney is placed in place of the incision. All this is securely fixed with electrical tape.
The best time for vaccination is spring. At this time, the mango begins to grow actively, which contributes to the accelerated growth of the vaccine. In a month it will be seen how successful it was. If the transplanted kidney grows, then the vaccination is almost 100% successful.
Further care of the vaccine is as follows:
- After 1–1.5 months, it will be necessary to remove the top of the stock. To do this, just above the grafting site, with a sharp knife or pruner, the entire main shoot is cut off.
- The resulting cut must be smeared with a small amount of garden pitch.
After grafting, until the moment of flowering, the tree will grow for about 3 more years. During this period, the mango will increase the crown. After the formation of the ovary, the fruits will grow for another 3-4 months. Mangoes are pollinated very poorly, so there will be very few fruits.
Useful video
How to prepare the soil for planting? What to do with the bone? Tricks and secrets on how to plant and grow mangoes at home:
Conclusion
- Anyone can grow a culture like mango from a seed at home.
- The main thing is to choose a ripe fruit and strictly adhere to the necessary recommendations.
- At first, the mango sprout grows very slowly and has no decorative value, but over the years, with proper care, the seedling turns into a chic one. tropical tree pleasing to the eye.
- a fairly common exotic fruit in our country and can often be seen on the shelves of any supermarket. In addition, the fruit of the mango tree has a pleasant peculiar taste, in many countries of the world it is used in traditional medicine(to improve the functioning of the brain, heart muscle and stop bleeding). Not all lovers of exotic fruits know that mangoes can be grown on their windowsill. But this is true.
Mango or Magnifera is an evergreen tree that grows naturally in the rainforests of Burma or eastern India. But for home growing dwarf varieties are used, bred by grafting. With proper care, in a year or two, they may already bear fruit. However, in the first year of fruiting, it is necessary to leave only a couple of fruits on the tree, so as not to deplete the tree, the rest are removed from the tree.
Mango blooms from January to April, beautiful white flowers appear on it, their aroma resembles blooming lilies, and by the summer the fruits ripen.
Before harvesting, watering is reduced to a minimum and resumes only after a month and after the complete cessation of fruiting. Mango develops its own quite quickly, it is of a rod type, so a small pot is not used when planting.
The plant grows in fertile, loose, well-drained soil. It should be remembered that a nutritious and well-moistened substrate will contribute to the active growth of green mass, but in no way abundant flowering and fruiting. When planting, you need not to overdo it with the soil in order to get a harmoniously developed mango tree in the future.
Mangoes can be propagated using the vegetative method, but this process is laborious and, as practice has shown, ineffective. Even with the help of growth stimulants, about 30-40% of cuttings survive, and even their root system does not develop in full for proper plant growth.
The most acceptable method of mango propagation is grafting and seedlings germinated from the stone, which are used as a rootstock.
This method with guaranteed result: the trees have a neat crown, their fruits have a certain taste and color. This is very beneficial for home method growing a plant. Subject to the exact implementation of all the instructions and recommendations for growing mango from the stone, you will get an excellent ornamental plant with long graceful, beautifully curved leaves.
Unfortunately, only grafted specimens can bloom and bear fruit. You can graft a plant yourself, by budding, by taking a kidney from a fruit-bearing tree. You can graft a grown mango tree from a stone by taking a “donor kidney”, cutting it off from an already fruit tree sterile sharp knife with a leg (a piece of bark).
At the base of the trunk to be grafted house tree a T-shaped incision is made and, gently bending the bark, a cut kidney is inserted. The grafted place is isolated soft cloth. A grafted tree needs to be watered frequently and fertilized with quality fertilizers. After grafting, only two years later the tree will bloom and after 100 days you can expect a harvest of sweet mango fruits.
Of course, it is not easy to grow mangoes at home on your own. Since in nature the plant grows in tropical conditions, at home it will be necessary to artificially create a climate close to the tropics. But with the desire, patience and some knowledge, there is a high probability of getting a crop of mango fruits.
In order to grow a mango tree on your own, you can purchase a ready-made sprout in a floricultural nursery, or you can buy a ripe mango fruit and try to grow a plant from its seed.
What the plant needs:
- For growing mangoes, you can use a universal soil with a neutral level of acidity. If you doubt the quality of the soil, then you need to measure the level of acidity, this can be done with a meter (PH meter) or a disposable paper indicator that changes color when in contact with acidic soil after a couple of minutes.
- Considering that mango trees are a tropical crop, it should be remembered that they are very thermophilic and photophilous. Their indoor views, if necessary, can be artificially illuminated with an additional lamp of daylight or warm light.
- Temperature and humidity should be close to natural conditions mango habitats and do not change dramatically due to seasonal or climatic changes. During the whole year, the air temperature should be + 20-25C, even in winter time it should not be below 18C.
- Only a stronger plant can be transplanted into a more capacious pot, this is done for a freer location of the growing root.
- Mango loves water and does not tolerate its lack, as well as high humidity air. In order for the tree to look healthy, you need to water it in a timely manner and constantly spray the leaves with soft warm water, especially in winter. Watering should not be plentiful so that the root system does not rot, but the soil should not be dry.
- During the period of active growth, the plant needs to be fed. To do this, you can use biohumus and other nitrogen-containing preparations that are used for persimmons and citrus fruits.
To start growing mango, you need to plant its seed in the ground. To do this, we need to extract it from a mature fruit (it may not germinate from a green one). Maturity is easily determined: if the stone is easily separated from the pulp, then the fruit is ripe.
Moreover, you need a fresh bone, and if for some reason you do not have the opportunity to plant it immediately, then you need to cover it with wet cotton wool and put it in plastic bag. It should be remembered that long-term storage of the stone in the bag can significantly reduce the guarantee of successful germination.
To plant a mango seed you will need:
- a medium-sized pot that has drainage holes and a lid, which you will need to create a greenhouse effect
- soil (you can use a universal mixture for planting this type of plant)
- knife (to carefully open the bone)
- not very clean cold water(to water the soil)
- fungicide (to disinfect the bone)
First of all, you need to take a capacious pot, since the tree will grow up to 40-45 cm, and fill its bottom with a drainage stone. The rest of its volume is filled with soil. When the pot with soil is prepared, you need to carefully open the mango bone with a knife, so you will increase the percentage of germination. When the bone has opened, you need to treat its core with a fungicide, the drug will protect the future plant from pathogenic fungi and many equally dangerous bacteria.
If you cannot determine exactly where the bone is up and where the bottom is, then landing can be done in two ways: sideways or horizontally.
You can plant a mango with a bone, just split it, or you can pull out the core from an already split bone, it resembles a large bean and, having processed it, prepare it for planting. If there are several embryos in the bone, then naturally you need to choose the largest and more even one, it will have a better chance of survival. After that, in the prepared soil, you need to make a recess and carefully place a third of the core of the bone into it, turned with the root part down, its fourth part should remain outside. The soil is abundantly watered with water at room temperature.
Cover the pot after planting glass lid. If there is none, you can use the cut plastic bottle or a flask, and even easier - a plastic bag.
Once a day for sunny side rooms need to ventilate the ground with landing, raising or removing the shelter. This will protect the bone from rotting. After a couple of weeks, the first shoots may appear and shelter is not needed.
With poor watering and poor humidity, mango can hit spider mite. Excess moisture can expose the plant to powdery mildew disease or. These diseases are of course treated with many chemical preparations.
But in order to avoid their occurrence, it is still better to adhere to the necessary agrotechnical rules and you will never have unnecessary troubles and disappointments. And for patience and attention, mango will delight you with active growth, very beautiful flowering, and later reward you with wonderful sweet and very healthy fruits.
The composition and benefits of mango
Mango - very useful product, as it contains fats, proteins, carbohydrates, sugars and fiber. It contains an impressive amount of starch, which is subsequently converted into carbohydrates such as glucose, maltose and sucrose.
Mango contains lemon, apple, oxalic and succinic acid, so it is sour when unripe.
This good source pectin and vitamins: C, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9. It is a rich source of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and iron. Due to its many useful substances and high palatability, mangoes are successfully used in cooking, traditional medicine and cosmetology.
The plant has a wide decorative application and it is increasingly grown by amateurs exotic plants at home.
More information can be found in the video:
Tropical mango is a delicious and fragrant exotic fruit, which has recently become familiar to the inhabitants of our country, who have never been to Asia. Despite this, he quickly gained popularity and many housewives liked his taste. Depending on the variety, the fruits taste like a combination of juicy carrots and tender peach, fragrant strawberries and sugar pineapple. And the refined and refined smell of pine needles only emphasizes the pleasant taste.
Perhaps you, when peeling an orange fruit, thought: “Is it possible to grow a mango from a stone at home?” Experienced flower growers You will be confidently answered in the affirmative to this question. True, it will take a lot of time and patience to realize this dream. But if you follow all the rules of agricultural technology, your efforts will be rewarded - a mango tree grown from a stone will be a great decoration for your home.
Before talking about how to grow mango at home, you need to know a little about this plant. It belongs to the genus Mango of the Anacardiaceae family. The exotic fruit comes from India, from where the mango tree spread to the countries of East and South Asia, East Africa and in California.
Very thermophilic plant categorically does not accept a decrease in temperature and dies already at +5 ° C. This beautiful plant with spreading branches and large green leaves. Under natural conditions, the mango tree grows up to 20 meters in height. The crown is wide and rounded. The root system is powerful, well developed - the roots go five or more meters into the soil, which provides the plant with constant access to nutrients and moisture.
During flowering, tree branches are covered with numerous delicate flowers. Then their place is taken by filamentous panicles, from which several fruits grow. Mango is a real long-liver in flora. The plant grows and bears fruit for 300 years!
Mango in Russia
In our country, grow mangoes in open ground impossible - climate and weather too harsh for tropical plant. However, amateur flower growers manage to grow this crop at home and even get a crop.
In room conditions, the tree grows small - no more than two meters in height. Therefore, the answer to the question: “Is it possible to grow mangoes at home?” - is obvious, but you need to know how to do it correctly. But we will talk about this a little later.
Mango leaves are narrow and long, lanceolate. Their front side is painted in rich green color and has glossy surface. The back side is lighter and matte. Young leaves cast a yellowish, pinkish or reddish color. The juice of the leaves is poisonous. Often it causes an allergy, which is accompanied by reddening of the skin and a rash. Therefore, all work with the plant is carried out with gloves.
Mango blossoms in early spring. Inflorescences are numerous small pinkish, yellowish or pale red flowers that form panicles or brushes up to 40 cm long. It takes up to 6 months for the fruit to ripen. Their appearance depends on the variety. There are small mangoes, which are slightly larger than plums, and giant fruits weighing more than 2 kg.
The skin can be dyed various colors- from lime and greenish to reddish brown and dark scarlet. The skin is matte, dense, smooth to the touch with a thin layer of wax coating. When pressed, it is served in ripe fruits, but does not penetrate deeply. The flesh is saffron, bright, very juicy and sweet, with a spicy aroma with hints of lemon, pine needles and roses.
The mango pit is a large seed. It is ribbed and hard to the touch.
Compound
Mango has a rich composition of nutrients:
- vitamins of group B, A, E;
- amino acids necessary for the body;
- carotenoids;
- minerals (phosphorus, calcium, iron);
- glucose, sucrose, maltose and other sugars.
In some countries, mango fruits are used as a diuretic and laxative, they are eaten to improve blood clotting, with acute dermatitis.
It is no coincidence that we dwelled in such detail on the description of the plant and its fruits. You need to know this if you are interested in how to grow a mango at home from a purchased fruit. Only with this knowledge, you can choose a high-quality and ripe fruit suitable for growing a tree at home.
Features of growing mango
We have already figured out that you can grow mangoes at home. It remains to find out how to do it right. There are two ways to grow this exotic tree at home. The first, and it is also the simplest, is the purchase of a finished seedling in the nursery. In this case, the acquired plant is transplanted into the soil and created the necessary conditions content.
But as you know, true lovers indoor plants don't look for easy ways. That is why it is important for them to know how to grow mangoes from seeds at home. In this case, you need to buy a quality fruit in the store. Its color alone does not determine its ripeness. The even green color of the peel often hides a well-ripened fruit. Press lightly on the fruit - resilience, but without excessive hardness or deformation - the most important indicator of ripeness.
Carefully inspect the fruit - the skin should be intact, shiny, without spots. Ripe fruit has pleasant aroma. If you smell a faint smell of alcohol, this is an overripe fruit in which fermentation has already begun.
The flesh of a ripe mango can be easily peeled off when peeled. large bone covered with fruit fibres.
To grow a mango from a stone at home (we posted a photo below), you need to remove the stone from the fruit, and this is not always possible. Cut the fruit in half and remove the pulp with a knife. Then rinse it thoroughly running water. Often, gardeners are interested in how to quickly grow a mango at home from a purchased fruit. To do this, it is necessary to free the seeds from the hard peel. Using a knife, very carefully open the stone and remove its contents, resembling large beans in appearance and shape.
If the shell is too hard, do not try to break it or break it - you may injure the sprouts. Put such a bone in a transparent container for several weeks and fill it with water. Place an unyielding bone in a bowl on the southern windowsill and do not forget to change the water every few days.
Wrap the seed in cotton wet wipe. It should not be too wet to prevent rotting. Create a mini-greenhouse for him: place the wet material in a tight plastic bag and pack it all into which you need to put it in dark place for germination. Check humidity daily and ventilate planting material.
An alternative to this method of seed germination is a food container with moistened sawdust. After three weeks, when the first embryos appear, you can transplant the seed into a pot.
Landing
How to grow mangoes from "beans" at home and what kind of soil does the plant need? Some flower growers immediately plant a seed or seed in the soil, having previously treated it with growth stimulants. Others consider this method not the most effective. The fact is that the stone preserves and protects the seeds that give life to a new plant. New conditions may not suit her. Therefore, there is no guarantee that a new plant will start growing immediately planted in the soil.
Lay drainage (expanded clay) on the bottom of the pot with a layer of 5 cm, which will provide breathing to the roots and protect the future tree from rotting and stagnant water. Fill the pot 2/3 full with substrate. Make a small indentation in it and plant the seed in the ground with the germ down.
If the embryo does not appear after germination, or you prefer to plant a seed without pre-training, place it flat side down. Immediately after planting, the seed should be sprayed with a spray bottle and covered with a domed lid, a tall transparent container, part of a plastic bottle.
Regularly inspect the seedling, water and ventilate the air in the container to avoid rotting and death of the plant. Place the container in a well-lit, warm place, but at the same time protect it from direct sun rays. Excess sun for a developing mango is no less dangerous than excess moisture. If you did everything right, there is hope that you can grow a mango at home - in three weeks you will see its first sprout. After that, the greenhouse protection can be removed.
plant care
Many flower growers give up the idea of growing this exotic tree because of its demanding content. Is it possible to grow a mango at home, neglecting the rules for caring for it? Of course not. In addition, they are not as complex as it might seem at first glance. Timely watering, access to light, top dressing and timely transplants are all that a plant urgently needs.
Lighting
Mango feels quite comfortable near a window that faces southeast or south. If you purchased a tree from a nursery or store, do not rush to transplant it immediately. Give him 2-3 weeks to adjust to the new environment. Don't be afraid to leave the plant on a lighted windowsill. Shaded areas of the apartment should be avoided - the tree will begin to shed its leaves and may even die.
To extend daylight hours in winter to the required 12 hours, use additional lighting.
Temperature regime
How to grow mangoes at home healthy and beautiful, given the fact that this culture is extremely negative about any climate change? Optimum temperature for this plant fluctuates in the range of +21...+26 °C. Therefore, it is not recommended to take it out into the garden or onto the balcony, even in summer time. A sharp change in air temperature, wind, sudden rain is dangerous for this plant.
What should be the soil?
Interested in how to grow mangoes in a pot at home, novice indoor plant lovers often do not pay due attention to the quality of the soil. Indeed, in this regard, the plant is not too demanding, but it is desirable that the soil mixture be loose and light.
The only condition that must be observed when choosing a soil is its acidity. The soil must be acidic. Suitable for plants special composition designed for gardenias, azaleas, hydrangeas. If it is not possible to purchase it, add peat to the universal soil, a little to the water for irrigation citric acid or apple cider vinegar (a few drops).
Experienced flower growers prepare the soil on their own. It will include peat chips, garden soil and river sand in a ratio of 1:2:1. Sand can be replaced with baking powder - vermiculite, perlite, coconut fiber, dried sphagnum moss.
Capacity selection
We have already said that under natural growing conditions, mango has a developed root system that goes five meters or more deep into the soil. In this regard, the question arises: “How to grow mangoes at home, taking into account these features?”
An adult plant will need quite big pot, possibly a tub. It is advisable to choose a ceramic container or a wooden one - these natural materials pass air better. Give preference to pots with a thick bottom, otherwise the powerful roots of the plant will simply pierce it.
Humidity and watering
The plant does not accept dry soil, so the tree should be watered at least twice every seven days. Do not overdo it with moisture - an excess of moisture for a plant is as destructive as drought. For irrigation, use settled or purified water at room temperature.
Poorly tolerates a tree and dry air. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically moisten the leaves of the plant using a spray bottle. The optimum humidity level is about 80%.
top dressing
Experienced flower growers who know how to grow mango at home recommend feeding it regularly. In this case, you also need to know the measure. Excess fertilizer in the soil can cause salinization, which inhibits the development of the plant. Both mineral and organic fertilizers are used.
Before flowering in spring, mangoes are watered with a solution complex fertilizer for palm trees, citrus fruits or biohumus, which contain nitrogen, which stimulates the formation of green mass. After flowering is completed, organic matter is used. Suitable infusion of bird droppings, manure, or nettles. Stop all feeding in mid-autumn.
Pruning and crown shaping
Under natural conditions, the mango rushes up, and houseplants strive to match it. If your plans do not include arranging a greenhouse in the house, crown care should be given Special attention.
After the eighth leaf appears on the seedling, pinch the top. When the tree reaches a height of one and a half meters, proceed to the formation of the crown. This usually happens one year after planting the seed. Pruning is carried out in the spring, leaving five powerful branches. Slices should be treated with garden pitch.
Plant transplant
It is quite natural that initially the mango is planted in a small container - a tiny plant feels quite comfortable in a flowerpot. Do not rush to transplant it into a larger pot immediately after the sprouts appear. Such a procedure will be required only a year after landing. Mango is too sensitive to any changes, so you should not stress him unnecessarily.
A tree that has reached the age of five is transplanted much less frequently - once every three years.
Fruiting
Even with proper tree care, proper watering, lighting and fertilizer beneficial substances it is extremely difficult to grow fruits at home.
Experienced flower growers achieve fruiting of indoor mangoes quite simply by grafting onto it a bud of a fruiting specimen taken from a nursery. Two years after grafting, the tree begins to bloom, and then the first sweet and fragrant fruits appear.
There have always been inquisitive gardeners who did not limit themselves to growing traditional crops on their plots in the summer. Their interest extended to winter season, and they tried to grow, including all kinds of exotic plants for our climate. So, the subject of experiments was the cultivation of mangoes at home. Yes, not just growing, but so that there are fruits.
But where to get planting material? After all, we don’t have mango nurseries, and we don’t live in the tropics in order to go to the jungle and get what we need there. It's simple - the mango has a bone, and therefore you can try to grow a mango tree from it. Let's take a closer look at how this can be done.
Choosing material for planting
As already mentioned, in order to grow a mango at home, we need a seed of this fruit. For this purpose, it is necessary to find the most mature specimen. If the fruit is unripe, then you can not wait for the sprout to appear. The maturity of a mango should be determined not by color, but by density and smell. Ripe specimens will be softer and more aromatic.
The bone extracted from the mango must be cleaned of the remnants of the pulp and the outer shell, which has a shaggy surface, otherwise it may rot. In a ripe fruit, the pulp is separated much easier and easier.
Often a mango seed cracks inside, and a sprout begins to break out of it. If the fruit is not mature enough, then, of course, this does not happen. Then you need to place the bone in a small container with water, or wrap it in a damp toilet paper or gauze, and wait until it swells and sprouts roots.
Before planting, it is good to treat the seed with some kind of pre-planting solution and a stimulant. This will protect it from pests and possible diseases, as well as give additional strength and increase germination.
Keep in mind that it is advisable to plant the seed immediately after extraction from the fruit and pre-planting treatment. If you do not have such an opportunity, then for about a day you can store it in wet sawdust, or wrapped in a damp cloth. You should not wait any longer, the seed will lose its germination capacity and die.
planting mango
Large capacity at the first stage is not needed. Enough to take plastic cup a volume of 400 ml from under yogurt or sour cream, do not throw away the lid from it. We make drainage holes from below, fill the glass with soil for indoor plants, and preferably for cacti or succulents. It is advisable to add small pebbles to it (previously doused with boiling water for sterilization).
When planting, the mango seed is placed horizontally and sprinkled with a little substrate, literally 5 millimeters.
After planting, the soil is moistened with spray water, and the container is closed with a lid to create a greenhouse effect. If there is no cover, cover plastic wrap or glass. After that, it remains to wait for the planted seed to germinate.
Seedling care
It is necessary to ensure that greenhouse conditions are always maintained around the mango. The temperature should be around +25 degrees. Do not let the soil and seed dry out, regularly moisten it with water by spraying it with a spray bottle. But for mangoes, both drought and excessive watering are harmful. Therefore, keep moderate humidity.
You have to wait quite a long time for the shoots. This can happen only in a month and a half. Sometimes several shoots appear from one bone, which at first grow extremely reluctantly and slowly, but over time, growth takes root.
When the seedlings get stronger, they should be transplanted into a container bigger size. As you grow, this will have to be done every year. Otherwise, the growth of the mango will stop.
Features of growing mangoes at home
Lighting
Mango is a long daylight crop, so give it enough and continuous light for 12 hours. It is best to keep the plant in rooms facing south. Do not even put an adult plant somewhere in the corner, where it will lack light. In winter, it is desirable to have additional illumination from lamps.
Mango needs a lot of light, so keep it near a window. Microclimate
As for the temperature, it should be in the room from +20 to +26 degrees. Mango does not like drafts or sudden excessive temperature changes. Therefore, do not open the windows indoors, and do not take the plant to the balconies, even in summer.
Although some "mango growers" argue that the danger of lower temperatures for mangoes is exaggerated. And in some cases it is useful. But how this will affect subsequent flowering and fruiting is not known. Therefore, it is better not to take risks.
Be sure to keep an eye on the humidity. Remember that mangoes are native to the tropics. It will be good to keep some open container of water near the tree.
Remember to water the plant regularly. Do not let the soil dry out. Water for irrigation should be warm, settled, without chlorine and other impurities.
top dressing
For the mango you planted to bear fruit, it is not enough just to create all the conditions. In order for the plant to bloom, it will have to be additionally stimulated with fertilizers. Deposit once a month mineral supplements dominated by nitrogen and phosphorus. This will help support good condition green mass, and the whole plant is healthy. In winter, feeding can be suspended.
At some point, the leaves of the mango tree may take on a reddish hue. This is fine. After a while, the usual color will return.
At the age of three or four years, it is better to transplant the mango tree completely into a large tub. In such a container, it will feel more comfortable, and is more likely to bloom and bear fruit. 
conclusions
In general, in order to wait for the first flowers, you will have to wait a long time. This can only happen in 6-7 years. But the appearance of flowers is not a guarantee that you will enjoy your own grown mango fruits. The reality is that not every mango tree will bear fruit at home.
It must be understood that mango is still exotic. Any violation of the conditions of its cultivation may affect the results. But in any case, even without fruits, you can enjoy the most appearance this unusual plant in our area. And when it pleases you with its bright colors, it will be a real victory.
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