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Perennial sweet peas: planting and care, plant photo. Growing perennial sweet peas

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Growing sweet peas from seeds: preparation

Sweet peas are loved and revered in Latvia. Since ancient times, almost every farm in the summer was decorated with a motley, strongly smelling bed of these climbing plants, and with a bouquet delicate flowers went to visit. With the advent of the newest varieties of large-flowered, multi-color spencers, sweet peas quickly conquered the flower market and became one of the most common products of local flower growers.​

However, strong healthy plants and large graceful flowers can only be obtained with proper care and in suitable conditions.

Sweet peas: planting and care

The following summer brought a new twist in the history of sweet peas - flowers with wavy petals appeared. This news was immediately used in breeding, and the development of the current pleated sweet pea began. In the middle of the last century, several different groups of this pea were created, but, unfortunately, the selection of such earlier famous bands, as

​(LATHYRUS)​ If you remove flowering inflorescences in time, then by doing this you will extend the flowering period of sweet peas almost until the end of September.

Name and History:

womanadvice.ru

Sweet peas - cultivation and care.

Low varieties of sweet peas can be grown in ampelous form, that is, without support, and for high ones, you can fix a special net or just pull the ropes. You can plant plants on the balcony in early May. And, of course, make sure that the soil does not dry out in any case. At a tender age, it can even kill plants.

Location and soil

Sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus) - climbing annual plant genus China of the legume family. In the presence of a support reaches a height of 2 meters. The leaves end in tendrils, with which he clings to other plants or to an artificial support. The flowers are bright with a strong fragrant aroma, thanks to which peas got their name.

Sweet peas are grown in fertile, acid-neutral soil with deep cultivation. Another requirement for soil is air permeability. Sweet peas do not grow well in waterlogged areas or near groundwater. The soil for planting this plant should be prepared in advance, not forgetting to add compost, potash and phosphate fertilizers. Fresh manure is not applied, as it can cause Fusarium wilt of the plant. Nitrogen fertilizer is also not applied - the plant fixes nitrogen from the air.

Planting and caring for sweet peas

Sweet pea is an annual plant revered by many gardeners for its unusual and bright bloom, subtle fragrance. In addition, buds on sweet peas appear almost all summer, and therefore the lawn will delight the eye during all three warm months. Yes, and the flowers of the plant have a great variety of shades, and therefore, among the varieties of the fragrant town, everyone can choose to their taste. In addition, the advantages of the plant include relative frost resistance (up to - 5⁰ C). Regarding how to grow sweet peas, the most the best option seed planting is considered. This is exactly what will be discussed.

​Together with my colleague Valdis Dubovskis, we have been engaged in this wonderful culture for almost 30 years. Our farm can be proud of the largest collection of sweet peas in the Baltic countries, and we have done a lot to popularize and distribute it in our country. Collaboration with the Royal Sweet Pea Society of Great Britain allows us to follow up-to-date information and receive newest varieties which we evaluate and test in our climate. Every year we publish a catalog in which we offer Latvian flower growers seeds of more than 100 varieties - new and already recognized English ones, as well as almost twenty varieties of our selection.​

Sweet peas grow best in a warm, sunny spot. The soil should be loose, rich in humus, nutritious and calcareous. At the same time, the soil should be prepared to a depth of at least two shovels, since these plants form a deep root system, which makes it possible to form a profusely flowering two-meter bush in one season. It is better to prepare the beds in the fall - in the spring it remains only to loosen the surface.

Cuthberson

called the king

Reproduction of sweet peas

sem. Legumes

If everything worked out and growing sweet peas as an ornamental fragrant plant was to your liking, then next year try to plant it in a new place. If this does not work, then at least replace the topsoil at the planting site and do not forget about regular top dressing.

indasad.ru

Sweet pea

Sweet peas in Latin sound like "Lathyrus odoratus" (Lathyrus odomtus). The word "latyrus" was first used by Theophrastus and comes from the ancient Greek name, consisting of "la" - very and "thoures" - attractive. The plant was noticed more than 300 years ago by the Sicilian monk Francisco Cupani, who, walking in the evening near the walls of his monastery, located on the Mediterranean coast, caught an unusually strong aroma of this flower. Hence the second half of the name - fragrant ("odoratus"). The monk collected the seeds and sent them to England in 1699, to his friend Robert Uvedahl, a schoolteacher from the county of Middlesex. This is the main version of the history of the origin of this flower culture.

There are a great many varieties of sweet peas, from dwarf ones - about 20 cm high, which can even be used as ground cover plants, to tall curly, reaching a height of three meters. Between them, the varieties are medium-sized with a stem length of 1-1.5 m. And there is also a group of beardless varieties. The palette of shades in which pea flowers are painted is unusually diverse: from soft, delicate, pastel tones to extremely bright and cheerful.

You can grow sweet peas both by direct sowing in open ground, and through seedlings - for earlier flowering.

How and when to sow sweet peas?

In early spring, sweet pea seeds are sown in holes of 2 - 3 seeds, keeping a distance of about 20 - 25 cm. However, such plants will bloom only by the end of July. If you want to get more early flowering, you should grow sweet peas seedling way, seedlings are planted in mid-May.

Preparing seeds for sowing.

It is necessary to prepare the seed already in the spring: at the end of March - at the beginning of April. Since the peel of the seeds is quite dense, they should first be placed in a glass, pour hot water temperature is about 50-60 degrees and leave it for a day. Floating seeds must be removed immediately. After that, before planting sweet peas, the seeds must be washed with room temperature water and placed in a moist environment for germination. It can be a handkerchief, sawdust or sand, which should always be wet.

Martinsh

Do you want to tinker with seedlings? .. Please!

You can sow sweet peas directly into the ground, but this method does not always provide good germination, while flowering begins much later. It is better to grow this crop seedlings. Seeds are sown 4-6 weeks before planting. For sowing, it is better to use a special peat substrate or prepare a sterile mixture in advance of 2-3 parts of good and clean garden soil, 1 part of peat and 1 part of coarse sand (improves breathability and drainage). Desirable sowing depth is 1.5-2 cm. - it blows to protect from mice, as they eat seeds, as well as young sprouts.

Landing site, preference and care.

Sweet pea. Nine Rules for Successful Growing

Growing on a balcony.

Description:

Another plant for vertical gardening.

By the way, about varieties.

Whichever option you choose, for better germination, it is advisable to prepare the seeds. Fill them with hot water, 40-50C degrees and leave for 12 hours, for a maximum of a day. After that, the dark shell on the seeds can be pierced with a needle, since some of them, although they look completely healthy, sometimes do not sprout for a long time or do not sprout at all. Seeds with a light shell usually do not need such a procedure. You can sow immediately after soaking, or wait until they peck by placing them in a damp cloth, sand or sawdust. In no case should the bent seeds be dried, they must be sown immediately.

tomat-pomidor.com

SWEET PEA. Growing from seeds

Sweet peas do not like transplanting, so the seedlings should be carefully removed from the pots without destroying the soil lump. A plant grown through seedlings blooms by mid-June and blooms for 2 to 3 months.
When the seed germinates, it should be planted in a separate container. It can be small pots or paper cups where good nutrient soil is preliminarily placed. Seeds need to be deepened by only two to three centimeters. You can plant one or several pieces. To successfully grow sweet peas from seeds, seed containers should be placed in a well-lit, warm place and systematically, remembering to water gently. The first shoots can be expected in 1.5 - 2 weeks. We recommend pinching the top to stimulate the growth of side shoots when the seedlings have their first three leaves.​
​MALTENIEKS, count​
Until the emergence of seedlings, the crops are kept warm (the optimum germination temperature is 18-20 * C), and later the temperature is gradually reduced to 10-12 * C, making sure that the seedlings are compact and healthy. Since Spencers produce flowers only on second-order shoots, in order to speed up bushing, the shoots can be pinched after the second or third pair of leaves. Before planting, young plants need to be hardened off.
Royal
m summer flowers

​+++++++++++++++++​

​In middle lane Russian sweet peas are grown through seedlings, for which the seeds are soaked overnight in mid-March in hot water(60-80 °C). Then the swollen seeds are sown 2-3 pieces in peat pots filled with an earthen mixture consisting of sod land, peat and sand in the ratio 2:1:0.5. Shoots appear in 4-7 days. In the phase of two or three true leaves, the seedlings are pinched, removing the growth point, as a result of which a large number of side shoots are formed and the plant blooms more profusely.

Sweet pea, or sweet pea, belongs to the genus Chin (Lathyrus), the legume family (Fabaceae). The botanical description of this species was first given by the famous Swedish taxonomist Carl Linnaeus in 1753. root system in sweet peas, it is pivotal, highly branched, penetrating into the soil to a depth of one and a half meters. Gee, there was a verse :)

Of course, the easiest way is to sow sweet peas immediately in a permanent place. This can be done early enough, as soon as the soil warms up a little, without fear of return frosts, as the seedlings can withstand temperatures as low as -5⁰С. We place the seeds in holes of 2-3 pieces, to a depth of 2 cm, leave the distance between the holes about 25 cm. Our plants will bloom closer to mid-July. Sweet peas need support. In order for the plant to bloom profusely and for a long time, regular watering is necessary in hot and dry weather, timely weeding and top dressing with organic fertilizer solutions, but not more than three times per season.

Planting sweet pea seedlings in open ground can be carried out as early as May. It is advisable to harden the seedlings before planting, taking them out to outdoor balcony first for one hour, and then gradually increase the residence time.​

• As you know, before germination, the seed must swell so that the absorbed water awakens the embryo. You can speed up the swelling of sweet pea seeds if they are poured with warm water (50-60 "C) and left for 12-18 hours. Even in this case, not all seeds swell. Like most bloodworms, sweet peas have a very dense seed coat , which prevents the absorption of water and delays germination. different varieties also differs, and the hardest peel is usually very dark color. Therefore, in order to facilitate the absorption of water, it is recommended to damage the seed coat with a sharp knife, sandpaper or in another way (of course, avoiding damage to the embryo).
• . However
• One can only wonder what changes have taken place in this climbing plant with small, dark brown and strong-smelling flowers in three centuries. During this time, thousands of varieties of these delicate, romantic flowers have been created, and in England
• REMEMBER WHAT:
• ​RULES FOR GROWING SWEET PEA

I plant it every year. Grows well.

To get flowering plants much earlier, you will have to use the seedling method of growing. You can start sowing in late March - early April. But if you want to sow even earlier, then arm yourself with a backlight from simple fluorescent lamps. Hour 3 for additional highlighting of the peas will be enough.

​When timely pruning inflorescences on which small green beans are tied, sweet peas will bloom until the autumn frosts. If you want to keep the variety and collect the seeds, then such a plant should be grown through seedlings and leave 5-10 peduncles with pods on the "seed" plants, removing the rest of the flowers. It happens that the seeds of the plant are not tied. The reason may be a sharp temperature difference in the daytime and at night.​
Sweet peas grow well in places where there are no drafts, open to sunlight. However, a little shading tolerates quite calmly. The soil for the plant is neutral, fertile, with good drainage properties. The plants are planted together with an earthen clod at a distance of 25 cm from each other. When sweet peas reach 20 cm in height, they need to be tied to a support. This is necessary so that the climbing stems do not spread along the ground and are not confused with each other. With the help of a support, the plants will curl up and further form a beautiful hedge. However, for dwarf varieties of sweet peas that grow up to 30 cm, this is not necessary.

ekts

It is quite difficult to process a large number of seeds in this way, so the seeds are first soaked and then only those that have not yet swollen are processed. They are soaked again and sown only when all the seeds have swollen. Seeds not treated in this way germinate very poorly, and it happens that the emergence of seedlings stretches even up to 30 days.

Mammoth

in terms of growing
sweet pea
Seedlings are planted in a permanent place in mid-May at a distance of 20-25 cm. For tall varieties supports need to be installed. Remember that sweet peas can be grown in one place for only a year and returned to their original place only after 4-5 years. When planting seedlings, you can not make fresh organic fertilizers(manure), as plants can die from fungal diseases.

Due to the dense shell, it is better to soak pea seeds before planting for a couple of hours in hot water, and then germinate in wet wipe in a warm place. However, some varieties of sweet peas have a particularly light shade of cream or white, they need to be planted in open ground in a dry form, since they usually die when soaked.

I collected seeds from him, my beloved, but they became my peas with some kind of little color and therefore I bought seeds again.

We grow sweet peas - Herald of the grower

Growing sweet peas

Also, for growing seedlings, we will definitely need separate pots! Sweet peas do not tolerate transplanting very well, therefore, even after growing seedlings in separate containers, one must be very careful when transplanting so as not to damage the earthen clod and not disturb the root system. We will plant plants in a permanent place around mid-May, and we will begin to enjoy the aroma of flowers in mid-June. Sweet peas are very different rapid growth. Since the plant requires a significant amount of nutrients to grow, its highly branching taproot penetrates the soil to a great depth. It is very useful to hill and add a fertile substrate or compost to the base of the sweet pea stem to a height of 5-7 cm, thus stimulating the growth of adventitious roots. For sweet peas, timely and sufficient watering is necessary, since the lack of moisture in the soil leads to the dropping of buds and flowers by the plant, and the duration of flowering is also reduced. In general, growing sweet peas cannot be called simple. and Most salmon and orange varieties have light brown seeds with a soft, fragile skin that can crack when swollen, opening the way for infection. If harmful microorganisms are present in the substrate, then such seeds may die before germination, or then young shoots will gradually die. These varieties are recommended to be sown without pre-soaking in a particularly sterile substrate.​ ​,​ this plant for​VIDIO​ Choose the sunniest places for planting peas. Planted in the shade, sweet peas will bloom, but much later and flowering will not be as plentiful as in the open sun. Here are my seeds in the picture on the right. We choose a sunny place for planting sweet peas and, if possible, protected from strong winds. ground water should not be too close, although he is a lover of moisture, he does not tolerate stagnant water. Sweet peas are propagated by sowing seeds: directly into open ground, or through seedlings. Street sowing of plant seeds is carried out in May. When cultivating sweet peas in seedlings, it is necessary to sow seeds pre-soaked for a day in warm water, 3 peas in each pot. Shoots appear after about a week. Seedlings of sweet peas are planted at the end of May, and the seedlings are able to tolerate small frosts down to minus 5 degrees by the process. The plant requires careful care and attention. It is important to systematically and in sufficient volume to water the flower - every 1.5-2 weeks. Otherwise, with a lack of moisture, the buds become smaller or are dropped altogether, and flowering stops. Sweet peas need feeding liquid fertilizers twice - in mid-June and mid-July.​ oner

Sweet peas are a very profitable crop for growing in greenhouses for cutting, - relatively early harvest can be obtained with minimal heating costs and these colors have no serious competition among imported flowers. Greenhouses should be tall, well ventilated and shaded on hot, sunny days, as good quality flowers and a constant harvest can only be obtained with a uniform and moderate microclimate.

Galaxy very democratic splendor Ganichkina advises :) Land for planting needs fertile, moderately moist, non-acidic (pH up to 7.5). They probably smell really good. Unfortunately, after my illness, I have a problem with my sense of smell. I believe the word of guests, girlfriends and children that it smells wonderful.​ The soil should be deeply cultivated, sufficiently loose and breathable, with a reaction closer to neutral. Acidic soils need to be limed. When planting, it is advisable to add well-rotted manure (by no means fresh) or compost, plus phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. You should know that sweet peas are returned to their original landing site only after 4 - 5 years. For long and abundant flowering of sweet peas experienced gardeners use some tricks. Firstly, you need to pinch, and secondly, cut off faded branches, leaving a few pods with seeds. Under these conditions, sweet peas please with flowering until frost.

Efforts to increase the yield of flowers by thickening plantings may be erroneous. In cramped conditions, sweet peas do not grow well, bushes develop poorly and diseases often start, as a result of which the yield of plants and the quality of flowers are significantly reduced. Both in the garden and in greenhouses, Spencers should have at least 20 cm between plants.​

Outdoor cultivation

, did not continue further, and in our time some of their varieties have degraded or almost disappeared. Only in the Spencer group, selection has been continuously going on for more than a hundred years. Great changes have taken place with sweet peas thanks to the enthusiasm of breeders and fanciers in the UK. And not only in terms of the size of the inflorescences, but also the curly style of the petals, their spectacular arrangement and richness of shades.

tic.

​SOURCES​

Start the garter as early as possible, this will accelerate the intensity of growth. Remember to set the polka dots in the right direction so that your wattle, fence or trellis braids evenly, use twine or netting if necessary.​

Well, now the theory.

Growing in greenhouses

Caring for sweet peas consists of weeding, fertilizing and, most importantly, timely watering. From drought, the plant sheds color, so the soil should always remain in a moderately moist state. Peas respond very well to adding to the roots and hilling with humus or compost, top dressing with complex mineral fertilizer With low content nitrogen.​

Sweet pea is a plant belonging to the genus Chin in the legume family. It is annual and perennial. It is unpretentious in planting and care. perennial varieties chines have a slight pleasant smell and can grow up to 10 years in one place. Sweet peas have angular stems and pink or purple flowers that are collected in inflorescences.

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Description

The sweet pea flower has a highly branched root system that can penetrate the soil to a depth of 1.5 m. The plant, like most legumes, can enter into symbiosis with nodule bacteria that absorb nitrogen from the air. The stems of peas are climbing and slightly branched, capable of climbing a support with the help of modified leaves - branched tendrils.

The plant begins to bloom in July, and with proper care it lasts until frost. The shape of the flowers resembles exotic colored butterflies. The fruits of peas are small bivalve beans with spherical seeds of greenish, yellow or black-brown color.

Varieties

Sweet pea flower varieties are:

• tall;
• medium height;
• undersized.

Tall varieties (up to 3 m) include specimens that have large bright flower stalks that can reach a length of 30 cm. They are used both for cutting and for vertical gardening. These include:

• Alice is a variety with a delicate pink-cream-lilac color of flowers, which are collected in 4-5 pieces on long peduncles;
• Selecttsvet - a variety with a burgundy-chestnut color;
• Cremona - corrugated fragrant flowers have a cream color and are collected in 6-7 pieces on a peduncle.

Medium-sized varieties (up to 1 m):

• Lummer is a profusely flowering variety, the flowers of which are white-pink in color;
• 850th anniversary of Moscow - a variety without a mustache, with double flowers Pink colour on a strong peduncle.

Low-growing varieties (up to 60 cm):

• Faith - has bright red flowers;
• Floriada - distinguished by scarlet inflorescences;
• Galina - has lilac-purple flowers.



Echinacea plant - growing from seeds, planting in open ground and caring for a flower

cultivation

Like other plants cultivated in front gardens, it is desirable to plant sweet peas in seedlings. Climate plays an important role. If the soil does not freeze in the region, then the seeds can be planted immediately in the ground.

Severe frosts can kill young sprouts, so they use the seedling method.



Sowing seeds

Growing a flower from seeds begins with the fact that it is sown for seedlings in mid-March. Since pea seeds germinate very difficult, they are soaked in water for 10-12 hours or kept in a 50-degree solution of the Buton preparation. Then for 2-4 days they should be germinated in wet sand or gauze. When the seeds hatch, they should be planted immediately.

Store soils for roses and saintpaulias are used as a substrate, or they make the soil mixture on their own. To do this, take turf land, peat and humus in a ratio of 1:2:2. These components must be disinfected with a strong solution of potassium permanganate.

Sowing is carried out in moist soil to a depth of 2–3 cm, planting 2–3 seeds in each cup. If a common container is used for seedlings, then the distance between the seeds should be 8 cm. After sowing, the soil is watered, the pot or box is covered with foil and placed on a sunny windowsill at a temperature of 18–22 degrees.




seedling care

When, after a week or two, the seeds begin to actively grow, the film is removed from the container and taken to a room with a temperature of 15–16 degrees. The substrate should always be kept slightly moist, and the seedlings should be provided with good lighting. If it is not possible to grow seedlings on the south window, then artificial lighting is organized for 2-3 hours daily using a fluorescent lamp or a phytolamp.

When the seedlings have 2-3 true leaves, then pinch it. This stimulates the development of side shoots. After the procedure, the seedlings are fed with Kemira's solution.

Landing in open ground

Seedlings are planted in open ground in late spring. At this time, the soil is already warming up well and there is no threat of a return of frost. If the seedlings have already formed buds or flowers, then you need to cut them off so that the plant directs its energy to the formation of the root system. Hardening procedures are carried out 10 days before planting seedlings. To do this, a pot of seedlings is taken out every day to open air and gradually increase the length of stay until the seedlings can be outside for a whole day.

Sweet peas prefer bright, warm places and moist, well-drained soil enriched with fertilizers. Before planting, the site is dug up to the depth of a spade bayonet with humus, compost, potash and phosphorus fertilizers. Do not use fresh manure because it promotes Fusarium wilt.

To plant seedlings, holes are made at a distance of 20-25 cm from each other and 2-3 plants are planted in each. If the variety is tall, then you must immediately install the supports. You need to know that in the fall, annual sweet peas are disposed of and it will be possible to plant it again in this area only after 4–5 years.

How to care for peas?

Caring for sweet peas is not a very laborious process. To grow a plant, it is necessary:

• water;
• weed;
• fertilize;
• protect against diseases and pests.

You need to water the plant regularly and with a sufficient amount of water, otherwise, due to lack of moisture, buds and flowers fall from it, and flowering will be short-lived. In dry summers, sweet peas are recommended to be watered every day, spending 30–35 liters of water per m2 of planting. To prolong flowering, you need to get rid of wilted flowers in time.

Tall varieties are tied to supports using a net or twine for this. As the plant grows, its stems should be directed in the right direction, after which they are tied up.

Feeding sweet peas is optional, but desirable. At the very beginning of growth, 1 tbsp is used as a fertilizer. l. urea and 1 tbsp. l. nitrophoska, which are stirred in 10 liters of water. At the beginning of flowering, peas are fed with a solution of Agricola and potassium sulfate, for the preparation of which a tablespoon of these components is mixed in 10 liters of water. At the height of flowering, the plant is fertilized with Agricola and Rossa, dissolving one tablespoon of fertilizer in a bucket of water.

Diseases and pests

Sweet peas can be affected by pests and fungal diseases. Of the pests, the nodule weevil is the most dangerous and different types aphids. At the beginning of the growing season, the weevil gnaws semicircles along the edges of the leaves, and its larvae feed on the roots of the plant. As preventive measures from the pest when planting seedlings, it is necessary to pour 100 ml of a 0.1% solution of chlorophos into each well. The plants themselves are sprayed with the same solution.

Sweet peas are most often affected by pea, chin and bean aphids. These small pests are able to suck the juice from plants, deforming their organs and infecting them. viral diseases. To destroy aphids, peas during the growing season should be treated 2-3 times with Tsiram and Tsineb.

Of the diseases, the plant is affected by:

• ascochitosis;
• viral mosaic;
• root rot;
• fusarium;
• peronosporosis;
• powdery mildew.

When ascochitosis occurs on stems, beans and pea leaves, brown spots having clear boundaries. To cure a plant, it is treated with a solution of Rogor.

Peronosporosis and powdery mildew are manifested by a loose whitish coating on the stems and leaves of plants. Gradually, they begin to turn yellow, turn brown and fall off. To destroy pathogens, use a 5% solution of colloidal sulfur, which is washed with leaves.

Signs of fusarium are yellowing and withering leaves of sweet peas. The affected plant cannot be treated, so it is destroyed, and healthy bushes are treated with a solution of the Tilt preparation. In order to prevent on the site, it is necessary to observe the alternation of crops.

From root rot and black leg, peas darken the roots and root neck resulting in the death of the plant. Infected plants cannot be saved, so they are destroyed, and healthy ones are transplanted to another place, having previously disinfected the soil and roots.

If peas are affected by a viral mosaic, then it appears as a line pattern on the leaves, and the tops of the infected plants twist and deform. All plants that have become ill with viral diseases should be removed and burned, because they cannot be cured.

plant in landscape design




Sweet pea is a climbing plant with many tendrils. It blooms long time and has a pleasant aroma. As a result, it is widely used in landscape design plot and garden.

Tall climbing varieties are used to decorate fences, verandas, arches. With the help of artificial plantations and supports of peas, the most unsightly parts of the garden can be well masked. It also looks good in the background of the flower garden.

Low varieties are grown in balcony boxes, on the edge of a border or flower bed. Peas can go well with other annuals and coexist well with perennials. It makes a tangible contribution to the ecology of the garden, enriching the soil with nitrogen and giving nectar to beneficial insects.

406 03/19/2019 5 min.

Sweet pea is a herbaceous climbing plant with beautiful flowers. It belongs to the genus Chin, the legume family. It is actively cultivated as an ornamental garden plant thanks to bright flowers and gentle aroma. It grows almost everywhere, unpretentious to growing conditions. Sweet pea patio or gazebo decoration is easy to grow from seed.

plant description

Sweet pea is an annual or perennial climbing plant. Stems climbing, most often slightly branched. With a suitable support, it can grow up to 1 - 2 meters in height. The root system is weakly branching, deep. The leaves are dark green, paired. They are collected in 2 - 3 pairs, each shoot ends with a tendril. It is the tendrils that help the sweet pea to cling to other plants or other suitable supports.

Flowering continues from May to September. Inflorescences are few-colored bunches. Irregularly shaped flowers, in the wild I have purple colour . Garden varieties can have any plant from soft pink to purple, white or purple. They have a pleasant and strong smell, which is why the plant is called fragrant. The fruit is a bean, when ripe, it opens into 2 halves. Ripe beans produce round, brownish seeds.

Sweet peas grow rapidly, braiding green lashes on any vertical surface.

Species and varieties

Sweet peas can be annual or perennial. The most popular varieties of sweet peas:

• Lel. A low growing plant up to 1 meter high. The flowers are corrugated, 3-5 centimeters in size, light pink in color;

• Neptune. Plant up to 1.5 meters high. Branched stems with beautiful purple-white flowers. The base is white, the flowers themselves are purple.
• White Peri. Climbing plant up to 1 meter high. Large flowers of bright white color with a delicate aroma.
• Cuthbertson Floribunda. A plant with branched, leafy stems up to 2 meters high. Purple-hued flowers, corrugated, up to 4.5 centimeters in size;
• Ramona. A plant up to 1.3 meters high with medium leafy branches. The flowers are bright carmine in color, up to 5 centimeters in size.

Different varieties are suitable for growing in gardens or decorating arbors.

Perennial varieties of sweet peas, with proper care, can grow without a transplant for up to 7 years.

Growing from seeds

The most simple and effective method Growing sweet peas in open ground is seed propagation. After the beans mature, the seeds are harvested at the end of summer. Only fully mature seeds are suitable for propagation. Preparation begins in March, maximum in early April. Seed preparation includes:

1. Soak. Sweet pea seeds have a dense skin. They must be soaked in a container of hot water for 1 day. The temperature of the water is about 50 C;
2. Sorting. Floating seeds are removed, they are not suitable for germination.

After that, the germination process can begin. For this you will need:

• soup plate;
• white cotton fabric;
• wet, pre-calcined sand.

The plate is covered with a cloth, already wet sand is laid out on it. Seeds are placed in sand and left to germinate in a warm place. The seed container is regularly checked, the sand is moistened as it dries.

The process of growing perennial sweet peas should be started as early as possible. This will allow the plant to form a strong root system before the first autumn frosts.

Sowing

Pre-germinated seeds are planted in prepared pots with a nutritious soil mixture. A peat mixture, or a special soil for climbing plants, is best suited for this. For this:

1. Seeds are sown in pots with soil to a depth of 3 centimeters;
2. The pots are placed in pallets and covered with a transparent film;
3. Pallets are placed in a warm place.

Such a greenhouse will be needed for the first 5 to 7 days. After that, the pallets are rearranged on the windowsill from the sunny side.

seedling care

The soil is regularly moistened, at the same time condensate is removed. After the seedlings grow by 5 - 10 centimeters, the film is removed. Care for young seedlings includes:

seedling material

1. Watering. The soil must be regularly moistened, avoiding drying out;
2. Temperature regime. In order for the seedlings to grow strong, the temperature in the room must not be lower than 20 C;
3. Topping. After the appearance of 2 - 3 true leaves, the seedlings need to be pinched;
4. Top dressing. After pinching, the plants must be fed. To do this, make "Kemira wagon" at the rate of 2 grams per 1 liter of water.

Sweet peas love sunlight. It grows best on south side site.

If there is not enough sunlight in the room, the plants need to arrange additional lighting. To do this, the pallets are placed under the lamp for 2-3 hours every day.

Landing in open ground

For planting sweet peas, it is best to choose a calm, but as bright as possible place on the site. It can successfully grow in semi-shaded or dark areas. But this will reduce the decorative qualities of the plant, since it blooms worse. Peas grow best in acid-neutral soil. It should be as well-drained as possible.

Manure application

To do this, its site for planting is first dug up to a depth of 15 centimeters. It is further enriched by introducing manure or humus. After that, the soil is well dug up and moistened. When planting in open ground, you should adhere to the following rules:

1. Peas do not tolerate transplanting; planting in a permanent place should be extremely careful. It is best to plant young plants in open ground by transshipment. Plants are pulled out of the pots carefully so as not to damage the earthen ball;
2. A lattice is installed nearby, along which the plant will curl;
3. Seedlings are lowered into previously dug holes and covered with soil.

After that, the seedlings are watered abundantly.

Do not overestimate or deepen the plant when planting. The hole should follow the shape of the pot in shape.

Care

Sweet peas grow quickly, covering the support with a fluffy "carpet". It is quite undemanding to the conditions of care. It includes the following operations:

• watering. Lack of moisture leads to the fall of buds and flowers;
• hilling. To stimulate the growth of roots, you need to regularly hill the plant, while filling the hole with fertile soil.

Dried flowers should be removed regularly. This will extend the flowering time.

It is advisable to leave 2 - 3 faded inflorescences to get seeds from them.

Diseases and pests

The main diseases of sweet peas:

• mealy leg;
• blackleg;
• gray mold;
• root rot

The most common pests:

• nodule weevil;
• spider mite;

In the case of annual sweet peas, the most effective prevention is replanting every year to a new place.

Video

This video is about planting and growing sweet peas.

Conclusion

Sweet pea is a beautiful climbing plant from the legume family. It grows quickly and does not require complex care. It grows quickly, clinging to any vertical surface. It blooms all summer, helping to decorate the site.

Sweet pea is a climbing plant suitable for decorating balconies, porches, pergolas and arbors. This perennial is unpretentious, grows very quickly and pleases with delicate multi-colored buds all summer. Spectacular appearance complements the delicate aroma, making the flower a real find for those who want to try their hand at gardening.

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Variety selection

Sweet pea perennial or rank - fast growing herbaceous plant from the legume family. The stem is thin and flexible, reaches 3 m in length. Ampelous species are attached to the support with the help of antennae, more compact options don't need support. Inflorescences, which are rich in shades, deserve special attention. Butterfly-shaped buds have smooth or corrugated petals; terry varieties have also been bred by breeders. Flowers are in pairs or small clusters. There are options for snow-white, pink, cream, purple, bright red or cherry tones. The buds have a delicate sweet almond scent that attracts pollinating insects.

About 1000 varieties of peas are known, all of them are divided into groups. The easiest way to classify plants is by stem length.

1. 1 Tall. This category includes varieties that reach 3 m in length. Strong flower stalks up to 35 cm high are intended for cutting, they are also suitable for landscaping the site.
2. 2 Medium height. Representatives of the group are more compact in size and do not need support. The length of the stem is 60-90 cm, the flowers are large, double, with a pleasant delicate aroma.
3. 3 Miniature. The group combines low plants with strong stems 15-45 cm long. Ideal for decorating flower beds, goes well with other summer plants.

In each category there are varieties that are worth paying attention to. Special attention. When choosing seeds, it is worth considering that many varieties of foreign selection have a low germination rate and pick up buds later than domestic counterparts. For planting in the ground, it is recommended to pay special attention to Russian varieties characterized by rapid growth and abundant flowering.

Alice. Tall liana with elegant pink-cream flowers collected in graceful brushes. Suitable for vertical gardening, the buds bloom in late spring and have a pleasant persistent aroma.

Teremziy. Liana up to 3 m long, strewn with medium-sized, very fragrant white-pink flowers, collected in pairs.

Selectflower. Unusual option with cherry red buds. The stems are long and strong, very fast growing and good set green mass.

Cremona. Graceful plant with creamy fragrant flowers collected in bunches of 5-7 pieces. Slightly corrugated petals look very nice in bouquets.

Lummer. Medium-sized variety with large white-pink buds. Differs in especially magnificent blossoming, it is good on a flower bed and in a cut.

Galina. A miniature version with a spectacular purple-lilac color. Perfectly combined with varieties of white, cream and pink shades, it has a very pleasant rich aroma.

Argyrine. The unique dwarf variety can be grown in flower beds or in pots. The flowers are white-pink, fragrant, double.

Where to plant a flower?

Sweet peas, planting which will not cause much trouble to the gardener, can be placed in any corner of the site. Tall varieties are suitable for zoning, decoration of recreation areas. climbing vines it is easy to arrange gazebos, benches, playgrounds, summer kitchens. They can't hide too much beautiful walls outbuildings, decorate a porch or a lattice fence. Long stems are perfect for landscaping verandas, loggias and balconies. Sweet peas and growing them from seeds is a very interesting topic. Seedlings mixed into the ground take root faster, flowering will be more abundant.



When sowing or transplanting tall varieties, it is necessary to provide for the presence of supports. For flexible vines, wooden, plastic or metal gratings, rope trellises are suitable. With the help of tendrils, the plant can cling to tree trunks, so vines can be planted next to dead wood or tall stumps that need to be masked. Flowers grow very quickly and completely wrap around any support in 1-2 months.

Medium-sized varieties are ideal for decorating flower beds, rabatok, they can be planted along the paths. Decorative polka dots go well with other cultures, and a variety of colors allows you to choose the right solution for any composition. Dwarf forms can serve as an elegant backdrop for taller plants. They are placed in pots and flowerpots, used to decorate rockeries and alpine slides. Plant containers can be placed on open veranda, they will fill the air with a delicate sweet aroma, especially pleasant on a hot summer day.

Propagation by seeds and growing seedlings

Sweet peas perennial can be sown directly into the ground, but more often it is propagated by seedlings. Sowing material is prepared in April. Seeds can be collected in your own garden or purchased from specialized stores. On sale, mixtures are often presented, selected according to the height of the bush, but differing in color and shape of the buds. If desired, you can find varietal plants. You need to buy them from trusted suppliers that guarantee authenticity and high quality seed material.



Growing sweet peas from seeds is a very interesting and easy process that you can involve children in. With proper germination, failures are almost impossible. First, the prepared material is sorted out, rejecting ugly or too small specimens, the rest are poured with hot water (temperature about 50 degrees). A day later, the pop-up hollow seeds are thrown away, the liquid is drained from the glass. This procedure will help slightly soak the dense and hard shell and significantly increase germination.

The remaining specimens are placed in wet sand until seedlings appear. Alternative option- wrapping the seed in a damp cloth, which must be constantly moistened. After pecking, the seeds are transplanted into previously prepared soil. Sweet peas prefer a light and nutritious substrate from a mixture of garden soil, humus, sand and peat. Flowers can be grown in containers, but individual containers made of cardboard, plastic or peat are much more convenient. When transplanting, a young plant is carefully removed from the cassette, the roots are not injured, the flowers take root faster in a new place. Seedlings need to be watered with soft settled water, preferably rain. Fertilizers are not required, all necessary nutrients peas are obtained from properly composed soil.

When young seedlings grow up to 15 cm, you can prepare them for moving to a permanent place in the garden or in balcony boxes. You should not pull with a transplant, this can delay flowering. The best time to decorate flower beds is the beginning of May. Peas are not afraid of short-term night frosts. The earthen ball is carefully removed from the pot; it is impossible to shake off the soil from the roots or pull the seedlings by the stem. The plant is placed in a shallow hole and sprinkled with earth. It is not worth deepening it, it can cause rotting of the stem. After planting, the soil around is crushed by hands, the plantings are watered with soft settled water. With the right movement, the plants quickly take root, flowering begins in the first decade of July.



Sowing in open ground: pros and cons

Sweet peas are an annual and growing from seed is a topic covered in many gardening magazines. Most manuals recommend sowing seedlings, this allows you to speed up flowering. However, sometimes the rule can be neglected. When planting in boxes placed on an insulated balcony or a closed loggia, there is no need to germinate the seed in separate containers. After pecking, it is placed in a pre-prepared soil, watered and covered with plastic foam. Under these conditions, the flowers quickly start growing and develop well. The absence of a transplant guarantees the friendly formation of buds, they become larger and more decorative.



Propagation by seeds in the open field is suitable for warm regions. When planted at the end of April, the creepers are gaining strength by the beginning of summer, and flowering will begin as early as mid-June. Helps speed up soil warming plastic film, which is laid out on the ground 1-2 weeks before sowing. This technique will maintain a normal level of moisture in the soil and protect young peas from weeds.

Before precipitation, the soil is carefully loosened, humus, peat and complex fertilizers are applied. You can not add top dressing containing nitrogen to the soil, since legumes are able to synthesize this component on their own. Manure is also undesirable, it causes Fusarium wilt and is very dangerous for tender seedlings.

Seeds are sown in holes of 2-3 pieces. The distance between plants should not be less than 20 mm. The thickening of plantings leads to a deterioration in flowering, the buds grow small or do not tie at all. After sowing, the soil is lightly compacted and watered. warm water from a watering can with a wide spray. A hose jet can wash away the ground. The first shoots appear after 7-10 days, peas will bloom in early or mid-July.



flower care

Plants are undemanding to care and easily put up with the mistakes of novice gardeners. A very important point is the choice of a landing site. Peas prefer good lighting, light partial shade is possible. The more sun rays receives a liana, the larger, more beautiful and richer in color the buds will be.



Flowers like moderate watering, but do not tolerate stagnant moisture in the soil. When planting in balcony boxes, good drainage is required. Before transplanting into the ground, garden soil is mixed with peat or old humus, after which it is thoroughly loosened. A neutral or slightly alkaline soil reaction is preferred; preliminary liming can be carried out in acidic areas.

Immediately after transplantation, young plants of tall varieties are tied to a support. In order not to injure tender stems, it is better to use soft strips of cloth or special plastic clips.

Regular hilling and sprinkling of humus to the base of the stem will help stimulate root growth. 1-2 times per season it is possible to apply complex fertilizers based on phosphorus and potassium. To make flowering more abundant, withered buds are cut off in a timely manner. Such an operation will help preserve the decorativeness of the vines. On the lower branches, you can leave a few ovaries to form seed pods, they are harvested at the end of the season.



Peas do not need pinching and pruning. Remove only broken or deformed branches. At the end of the season, the vines are cut at the root and put into compost. Perennial roots are covered with peat and sawdust, this helps the plant successfully survive the most severe winter. If peas were grown as an annual, the vines are removed along with the root.

Diseases and pests

In the garden or in balcony boxes tender plants threatened by insects who want to feast on juicy greens. Most often, the flowers are attacked by aphids, spider mites or whiteflies. On open beds possible invasion of naked slugs. Timely weeding and mulching the soil with peat will help prevent the appearance of pests.

Spraying with cold water helps against flying insects, if larvae are found, you can use industrial insecticides in spray. Slugs are removed by hand, the soil is treated with an aqueous solution ammonia. Plants are practically not affected by viruses, they are also resistant to diseases.

Beauty, delicate aroma, simple care - all this is sweet peas. Planting and care will not cause much trouble, the novice gardener will be rewarded abundant flowering, which will last until autumn.

Plant sweet pea (lat. Lathyrus odoratus) belongs to the genus Chin of the legume family. scientific name The plant consists of two words, the first of which is translated as “very attractive”, and the second as “fragrant”. Some botanists claim that this flowering herbaceous plant comes from the Eastern Mediterranean - its range extends from Sicily east to the island of Crete. Other scientists believe that sweet peas were brought to Sicily by conquistadors from Ecuador and Peru. In culture, the plant has been grown since the 18th century: in 1699, while walking under the walls of the monastery, the Sicilian monk Francisco Cupani discovered a flower with an unusually pleasant smell, collected seeds from it and sent them to England to his friend, a school teacher. And in England, thanks to the work of breeders, sweet peas eventually became the king of ampels. The first five varieties of the plant appeared in 1800. Today there are more than 1000 varieties of sweet peas. Attract gardeners bright flowers and a pleasant smell, from which the plant got its name. Sweet peas are most often used for vertical gardening of arbors, balconies and terraces. Perennial sweet peas in the middle lane are usually grown in an annual crop.

Planting and caring for sweet peas (in a nutshell)

• Bloom: from July to frost.
• Landing: sowing seeds for seedlings - in mid-March, planting seedlings in the ground - at the end of May.
• Lighting: bright light.
• The soil: moist, well-drained, fertilized, with a pH of 7.0-7.5.
• Watering: regular, on average once a week with a consumption of 30-35 liters of water per m².
• Top dressing: not required, but do not interfere: at the beginning of growth - with a solution of 1 tablespoon of Nitrophoska and 1 tablespoon of urea in 10 liters of water, at the beginning of flowering - with a solution of 1 tablespoon of Agricola and 1 tablespoon of potassium sulfate in 10 liters of water, at the height of flowering - solution of 1 tablespoon of Agricola for flowering plants and 1 tablespoon of Rossa in 10 liters of water.
• Garter: tall varieties of peas need a garter to a support.
• Hilling: carried out regularly to a height of 5-7 cm with sprinkling to the base of the stem fertile soil- this stimulates the development of adventitious roots in the plant.
• Reproduction: seed.
• Pests: nodule weevil and different types of aphids.
• Diseases: ascochitosis, powdery mildew, downy mildew, fusarium, root rot, black leg, virus mosaic and deforming viral mosaic of peas.

Read more about growing sweet peas below.

Sweet Pea - Description

The sweet pea flower, or sweet pea, was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. The root system of the plant is highly branched, rod, penetrating into the soil to a depth of one and a half meters. Like most leguminous plants, sweet pea enters into a symbiosis with nodule bacteria that absorb nitrogen from the air. The stems of the rank are climbing, slightly branched, they climb the support, clinging to it with modified leaves - branched tendrils. Sweet pea flowers resemble moths, but it seems to the British that they are like a sailboat: the corolla consists of a large petal, similar to a wide oval sail, two side petals (“oars”) and two fused lower petals forming a “boat”. Sweet pea blooms profusely. It begins in July and, with proper care, continues until frost. Sweet pea fruits are small bivalve beans with 5-8 spherical, laterally compressed yellow, greenish or black-brown seeds that remain viable for 6 to 8 years.

Sowing sweet peas

Cultivation of sweet peas begins with its sowing for seedlings in mid-March. Before sowing, tight seeds of sweet peas should be soaked in water for 10-12 hours or kept in a fifty-degree solution of the Bud preparation (1-2 g per 1 liter of water). Then, within 2-4 days, they are germinated in gauze, wet sand or sawdust at a temperature of 20-24 ºC. As soon as sweet pea seeds have hatched, they should be sown immediately.

As a substrate, shop soils of Saintpaulia, Rose or a mixture of humus, peat and soddy soil in a ratio of 2: 2: 2: 1 are best suited. Any of these substrates must be disinfected with a strong solution of potassium permanganate, and it is better to use cups or pots as dishes for growing seedlings. Sowing is carried out in a moist substrate to a depth of not more than 2-3 cm, laying out 2-3 seeds in each cup. If you sow peas in a common box, then the distance between the seeds should be about 8 cm. After sowing, the substrate is watered, the containers are covered with foil and kept on a sunny windowsill at a temperature of 18-22 ºC.



Caring for sweet pea seedlings

When mass germination of seeds begins, and this can happen in a week or two, you need to remove the film from the crops and lower the temperature to 15-16 ºC - this measure contributes to the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of seedlings. Keep the substrate slightly moist at all times and provide seedlings with good lighting: if you cannot keep seedlings in a south window, organize artificial lighting for 2-3 hours daily. To do this, you can use a phytolamp or a fluorescent lamp, fixing them at a height of 25 cm above the seedlings and including, for example, from 7 to 10 or from 17 to 20 hours.

In the development phase of 2-3 true leaves, the seedlings are pinched to stimulate the development of lateral shoots. After pinching, the seedlings are fed with a solution of 2 g of Kemira in 1 liter of water.

Planting sweet peas in the ground

When to plant sweet peas

In open ground, sweet peas are planted from seeds towards the end of May, when the soil warms up and the threat of return frosts has passed. If by that time buds or flowers have already formed on the seedlings, cut them off so that all the energy of the plants is directed to the formation of the root system. 10 days before planting seedlings, it is necessary to carry out hardening procedures with it. To do this, containers with seedlings are taken out into the open air daily, gradually increasing the duration of stay until the sweet pea seedlings can be on the street for a whole day.

How to plant sweet peas in the garden

Sweet peas love light, warm areas and moist, well-drained, fertilized soil with a pH of 7.0-7.5. Before planting seedlings, dig a site to the depth of a shovel bayonet with compost or humus, phosphorus and potash fertilizers. Do not use fresh manure as a fertilizer, as it provokes Fusarium wilt, and do not apply nitrogen fertilizers: sweet peas do not need them.



Make holes in a row at a distance of 20-25 cm from each other and plant 2-3 plants in each. For tall varieties of sweet peas, support should be installed immediately. Keep in mind that annual sweet peas must be disposed of in autumn, and it will be possible to re-plant a plant in this area only after 4-5 years.

Sweet Pea Care

How to care for sweet peas

Planting and caring for sweet peas are not labor intensive. How to grow sweet peas? He needs watering, weeding, loosening the soil, supports, top dressing and protection from diseases and pests. Watering should be regular and sufficient, because due to lack of moisture, buds and flowers can fall off the plant, and the duration of flowering can be greatly reduced. If the summer is without rain, sweet peas need to be watered weekly, spending 30-35 liters of water per m² of planting. You can prolong flowering by removing wilted flowers in time.

Tall varieties of sweet peas need to be tied to supports, which are used as twine or netting. As the pea grows, its stems are directed in the right direction and tied up.

In order to stimulate the development of adventitious roots, it is necessary to hill the plants to a height of 5-7 cm with adding a fertile substrate to the base of the stem.



As for dressings, they are not required, but desirable. At the beginning of growth, sweet peas are fertilized with a solution of 1 tablespoon of Nitrophoska and 1 tablespoon of urea in 10 liters of water. At the beginning of flowering, a solution of a tablespoon of Agricola and the same amount of potassium sulfate in 10 liters of water is used for top dressing, and at the height of flowering, sweet peas are fertilized with Agricola for flowering plants and Rossa, dissolving one tablespoon of fertilizer in a bucket of water.

Sweet peas do not need pruning.

Pests and diseases of sweet peas

Of the pests for sweet peas, nodule weevil and various types of aphids are dangerous. At the beginning of the growing season, the weevil gnaws semicircles along the edges of the leaves, and its larvae eat the roots of the plant. As a prophylaxis against a pest, when planting seedlings, pour 100 ml of a 0.1% solution of Chlorophos into each well. The plants themselves must be sprayed with the same solution.

Of all the types of aphids, sweet peas can be attacked by bean, chin and pea aphids. These the smallest pests suck the juices from plants, deforming their organs, and infect them with viral diseases. In order to destroy aphids, as well as for the prevention of sweet peas during the growing season, they are treated 2-3 times with Tsineb or Tsiram with a break between sessions of 2-3 weeks.

Of the diseases, sweet peas can be affected by ascochitosis, powdery mildew, downy mildew, fusarium, root rot, black leg, viral mosaic and deforming viral mosaic of peas.

With ascochitosis, brown spots with clear boundaries appear on the leaves, beans and stalks of peas. You can fight the infection with two or three treatments of the chin with an interval of 2-3 weeks with a solution of the drug Rogor.

Powdery mildew and peronosporosis (downy mildew) appear in the second half of summer as a loose whitish coating on the leaves and stems of plants. Over time, the leaves turn yellow, turn brown and fall off. Destroy pathogens with a five percent solution of colloidal sulfur, washing the leaves with it.



Signs of Fusarium are yellowing and withering pea leaves. Diseased plants are not amenable to treatment, they must be removed, and healthy ones must be treated with a solution of the TMDT preparation. As a preventive measure, crop rotation should be observed on the site.

From the black leg and root rot of sweet peas, the root neck and roots darken, and the plant dies. Infected specimens cannot be saved, they must be removed, and healthy ones should be transplanted to another place, having disinfected the soil and plant roots before that.

The viral mosaic appears as a line pattern on the leaves, and the tops of diseased shoots twist and deform. Plants affected by any of the viral diseases must be removed and burned, as they cannot be cured.

There are more than 1000 varieties of sweet peas. All of them are divided into 10 garden groups, of which the following are most often grown:

Duplex

- plants with strong stems and flowers with a double sail, collected in inflorescences of 4-5 pieces. One of the best varieties of the group:

• Cream- plant up to 90 cm high fragrant flowers up to 4.5 cm in diameter, light cream in color with a folded or double sail. Inflorescences, located on straight peduncles up to 20 cm high, consist of 3-4 flowers;

Galaxy

- created in 1959, a group of late-flowering varieties over 2 m high with strong inflorescences from 30 to 50 cm long with 5-8 corrugated, often double flowers up to 5 cm in diameter. These plants are recommended for landscaping and for cutting. The best varieties:

• Neptune- a branched variety up to one and a half meters high with strong straight peduncles up to 30 cm high, on which 5-7 pieces are collected in inflorescences blue flowers up to 5 cm in diameter with a white base and often with a double sail;
• Milky Way- branched sweet peas up to 145 cm high with very fragrant pale cream flowers up to 5 cm in diameter with a double sail, of which there can be 5-6 pieces in one inflorescence;



Bijou

- created by the Americans in 1963, a group of semi-dwarf late varieties up to 45 cm high with strong inflorescences up to 30 cm long, consisting of 4-5 corrugated flowers up to 4 cm in diameter. These plants can be grown without supports, they are recommended for borders and borders;

Spencer Group

which includes multi-stem powerful plants up to 2 m high with racemose inflorescences, consisting of 3-4 simple or double corrugated flowers up to 5 cm in diameter with wavy petals. The group is represented by varieties of medium flowering period and is recommended for landscaping and cutting. The best varieties of the group:

• Warrier- a plant with dark purple flowers with white strokes at the base of the boat, located on straight peduncles. The diameter of the flowers is about 4 cm, the sail is wavy, and the oars are bent;
• jumbo- a variety up to 100 cm high with salmon-pink flowers, a white boat, a slightly wavy sail and slightly bent oars. The aroma of flowers with a diameter of about 4 cm is weak, the peduncles are straight, strong;
• Charlotte- the stems of this variety are up to 150 cm high, the flowers are bright crimson, up to 4.5 cm in diameter, the sail is wavy, the oars are widely spaced. Inflorescences of 2-4 fragrant flowers are located on strong peduncles up to 25 cm high;
• Cream Gigantic- a plant up to 175 cm high with large creamy fragrant flowers up to 4.5 cm in diameter, a wavy sail and widely spaced, slightly bent oars. Inflorescences, consisting of 3-4 flowers, are located on peduncles up to 30 cm high.



In addition to those described, varieties of the Spencer Monty, Mahagonny, Flagship, King Lavender, Ayer Warden, Pomegranate and others groups are popular;

Early Spencer

- a group created by the Americans in 1910 early varieties height 120-150 cm with inflorescences up to 35 cm long, consisting of 3-4 corrugated flowers up to 4.5 cm in diameter. Varieties are recommended for gardening and for cutting;

cupido

- created back in 1895, a group of low-growing varieties up to 30 cm high with inflorescences up to 7 cm long, consisting of 2-3 medium-sized flowers of various colors. These varieties are recommended for landscaping;

Cuthbertson-Floribunda

- a group of varieties created in 1952 in America. These are tall plants up to 2 m high with strong inflorescences up to 40 cm long, consisting of 5-6 large corrugated flowers up to 5 cm in diameter. These varieties of early ripening are recommended for cutting. The best of them are:

• David- a variety up to 140 cm high with large fragrant dark crimson flowers with a white stroke at the base of the boat and a wavy sail. Inflorescences, consisting of 5-6 flowers up to 5 cm in diameter, are crowned with rigid peduncles up to 30 cm long;
• kennet- a variety up to 1 m high with large dark red flowers, collected in inflorescences of 5-6 pieces. The diameter of the flowers is about 4 cm, their sail is slightly corrugated, the oars are slightly bent, the peduncles are up to 16 cm long;
• white pearl- white sweet peas with flowers about 4.5 cm in diameter, collected in inflorescences of 5-6 pieces and located on peduncles up to 30 cm long.

In addition to those described, such varieties of the group as Zhelanny, Peggy, Robert Blain, William and others are widely known;

Royal Family

- this group of heat-resistant varieties was created in 1964. They are an improved version of the varieties of the Cuthbertson-Floribunda group. Inflorescences up to 30 cm long consist of large double flowers of various colors, depending on the variety. The disadvantage of these plants is their increased sensitivity to the length of daylight hours, so they are not grown in winter. Recommended varieties of this group for landscaping and cut;

Multiflora Gigantea

- this group of early varieties up to 2.5 m high was created in 1960 by American breeders. The plants have strong inflorescences from 35 to 50 cm long, consisting of 5-12 corrugated flowers with a diameter of about 5 cm. Varieties are recommended for landscaping and for cutting;



Ruffled

– a group of powerful plants from 6-10 large flowers in one inflorescence. Peduncles are long and strong, the sail is wavy. The best varieties of the group:

• Grace- a branchy plant up to 155 cm high with inflorescences consisting of 5-7 fragrant pale lilac flowers about 5 cm in diameter with dark veins and a wavy sail. The height of hard peduncles is up to 35 cm;
• Ramona- a variety up to 130 cm high with bright carmine flowers with a white tongue at the base of the boat and a wavy sail. In one inflorescence, located on a rigid peduncle up to 30 cm long, 5-6 flowers up to 5 cm in diameter;

Intergen

- a group of early low-growing varieties bred in 1991 by Russian breeders that filled a niche between the varieties of the Cupido and Bijou groups. The height of the plants of this group is from 35 to 65 cm, so they can be grown without supports. Inflorescences up to 20 cm long consist of 3-4 simple flowers up to 3 cm in diameter. The best variety:

• Geniana- a plant with a height of 30 to 50 cm with very fragrant white-lilac flowers;

Lel

- bred in the same year, an intermediate group of varieties between Bijou and Multiflora Gigantea, from 65 to 100 cm high with strong inflorescences up to 30 cm long, each of which consists of 7-12 corrugated flowers up to 4.5 cm in diameter. Popular varieties of the group:

• Lucien- very fragrant plant 40-60 cm high with light pink flowers;
• Lisetta- very sweet peas from 40 to 60 cm high with bright red flowers.

In the 70s of the XX century, groups of English varieties Jet Set and German Leisers Koeningspiel were created. Currently, selection work on sweet peas continues.