How to fertilize strawberries in spring for a better harvest? Top dressing of strawberries after winter in early spring, before flowering, during flowering, with organic matter and mineral fertilizers. Top dressing of strawberries during flowering and fruiting
To collect decent harvest tender and juicy strawberries, you need to look after her like a girl, feed her, water, fertilize the soil, and then she will certainly delight you with ripe, bright, juicy and large berries. So, let's figure out what strawberries need to be fed during flowering and fruiting in order to enjoy a wonderful harvest later. And what a wonderful thing you can cook with strawberries, tasty and healthy!
Loosen the soil around the bushes in a timely manner, remove annoying weeds, water the bushes so that nutrients are better absorbed from the ground, and apply necessary top dressing- a guarantee of the quality of the strawberry crop. In itself, it is unlikely that anything will grow more worthwhile, therefore we must be patient and forward, for record harvest juicy berries!
It is already necessary to start top dressing in the spring before flowering, with the appearance of the first tender leaves on the bushes. This can be done like this: we take dry chicken manure and fill it with water, at the rate of 1:10. We leave for three days. Carefully water the young bushes, avoiding getting on the leaves, because chicken droppings can burn the tender leaves of the bushes.
Flowering and feeding
In late spring - early summer, the first flower stalks appear at the berry. This is the most important period for our pet. When it blooms, it needs to be fed, taken care of the bushes, protected from diseases and various pests. The correct feeding at this time will give high quality harvest. At this very time, strawberries need calcium - chicken manure, ash is the best fit. Yeast top dressing is very good for strawberries, which, by the way, all garden plants love, and experienced gardeners advise not to neglect the usual baker's yeast as top dressing for your garden.
Yeast top dressing
This unique top dressing consists of ordinary yeast. To prepare it you will need:
1 kg live yeast
- 5 liters of water
Dilute the yeast with lukewarm water, let it brew. Before it's time to feed, you need to take half a liter of infusion and dilute it in a bucket of water. The fertilizer is ready - we add half a liter under the bush.
Dry yeast is also used. One packet of yeast plus two tablespoons of sugar. Dissolve them in warm water, adding sugar. Then pour the mixture into a bucket of water, leave it for a couple of hours, then pour half a liter of the solution again into a ten-liter bucket of water - feeding strawberries folk remedies ready, cheap and cheerful, as the people say.
Look: you can apply strawberries to them and please the household.
foliar top dressing
When will appear abundant flowering, spraying can be carried out by applying a weak 0.02% solution of sulfate zinc. There are also fertilizers for strawberries. Their use will increase the yield by about three times - 2 grams of potassium permanganate per ten-liter bucket of water and apply spraying. Sprinkle the leaves especially on the inside, as the lower part of the leaves absorbs more fertilizer.
Also apply mineral supplements, which will help our plant gain sufficient strength. Boric acid is perfect for this purpose. You need one pinch per bucket of water. It is necessary to fertilize flowering only once per season.
Ripening berries and top dressing
The first harvest that strawberries give, as a rule, is always large, the second or third is no longer so beautiful and differs in size. This can be corrected with top dressing.
For this you can apply:
Dry mullein is poured with water, and after insisting, bushes are watered.
- Place chicken manure in water, applying it to water tenfold, leave for 3 days, water very carefully so as not to get on the leaves and berries.
- Dilute the compost with water and water the bushes under the root.
Top dressing of strawberries during flowering and fruiting plays significant role in the quality and quantity of the crop. But there are some rules that must be followed:
- top dressing of the plant during flowering should occur only once;
- best to use organic fertilizers so that your berries do not receive any absolutely chemistry;
- It is best to fertilize the soil after watering.
Cook and pour them with strawberry syrup, incredibly delicious!
Urea for strawberries
Nitrogen is very useful for strawberries, which makes its berries large, bright and juicy. For these purposes, buy urea, and in early spring, removing everything unnecessary from the bushes, pour them with this composition: in a bucket warm water dissolve a spoonful of urea, and pour a half-liter jar under each bush. This will be enough, you do not need to overdo it, because the berry will become sour.
Antennae removal
In addition to top dressing, there are some more rules, following which your crop will increase significantly, and its quality will be excellent. for example, removing the antennae in time. Mustaches take moisture from the soil, thereby preventing the bush from gaining strength to form berries. Therefore, it is better to carefully remove them with secateurs. Dried leaves should also be removed. All this takes away a part nutrients the bushes themselves, so the removal of mustaches and old leaves should be paid attention in a timely manner.
Watering blooming strawberries
Strawberry roots are very close to the surface, which means that the plant itself cannot extract water from the soil. Therefore, it is important to provide enough moisture, but not to overdo it, as excess water can lead to root damage.
Even when watering, you need to consider the type of soil. If clay prevails in the soil, then 12-14 liters of moisture per meter kV are needed for irrigation. Loose earth will require less water, 12 liters per meter kV. It is best to water the plant in the morning, and the water should not be cold. In the heat, it is recommended to water strawberries once every couple of days. During the rainy season, our plant needs protection, it is best to do this by covering the strawberries with a film during dampness to avoid the appearance of fungal diseases. When watering flowering berries, it is best to use a watering can so that water does not get on the flowers.
Pollination
If suddenly you notice on the bushes of your beauty, instead of red berries, deformed fruits that are not red at all, this means that the plant did not have enough pollination. This could be affected by frequent rains, fog, cold weather, lack of bees. You can help your pet in this way: dissolve a spoonful of honey in one liter of water and sprinkle the bushes - the bees will definitely come to your aid. You can increase pollination in another way, planting new varieties of strawberries next to the old ones, with a wind flow, the plants will exchange pollen.
Applying all these methods, you will stop wondering what kind of strawberry feeding is needed during the fruiting and flowering period, your harvest will be plentiful, and its quality will please any gardener. And there will be enough for jam for the winter, and in the summer there is enough to pamper the family with a fresh, tasty, clean, self-grown berry.
Apply strawberries to
A good harvest of strawberries is harvested thanks to the correct and timely feeding. The quality and quantity of sweet berries depend on the choice of fertilizer, its dosage. For this, plants are fertilized after planting, during the appearance of flowers, during the formation of ovaries and fruits. Extra nutrition helps strawberries recover from winter frosts and begin to bloom.
Even the most fertile soil after a couple of years, it is depleted, because of this, the harvest drops, the berries become smaller, not so juicy and sweet. Strawberry culture can grow in one place for several years. The acidity of the soil should not be higher than pH 5.5 - 6.
After the snow melts, when the earth dries out, they begin to prepare the beds. The protective layer of leaves is removed, the ground is loosened around the bushes. Old roots and all grass are removed. Dry, rotten leaves are also removed from plants. Check the neck of the strawberry, if the growing point is below the ground, then this can provoke rotting of the rhizome.
The first input of top dressing allows the strawberries to wake up and form new buds. Fertilizers are administered in proportion, excess nutrients cause the growth of shoots and foliage. Berries may appear late or not form at all.
For the growth of strawberries in the spring, the soil is fertilized with nitrogen. Its application stimulates the development of the aerial parts of plants. In mid-April, until the leaves have blossomed, supplements are added:
- for 9-10 liters of water 400 g of mullein, a spoonful of ammonium sulfate;
- stir;
- let stand for 3 hours;
- pour 1 liter of the mixture under one plant.
Dilute a spoonful of nitroammophoska in a bucket of water. Water 1 bush with 0.5 l of solution.
If strawberry seedlings are planted for the first year, then the following fertilizers are used:
- a bucket of humus is mixed with 20 g of potassium,
- add 25 g of urea, 40 g of superphosphate;
- everything is mixed, pour 50 liters of water;
- leave for 24 hours
- pour 1 liter of the mixture into each hole before planting.
In the spring, urea should not be used, at this time the plants do not absorb it well.
Bushes are fed with a solution of nettle:
- The grass is crushed, poured with water (1:5), the dishes are covered with a lid and left for 3 days.
- The tincture is filtered, diluted with liquid (0.5 l per 9 l of water). Nettle contains a lot of nitrogen and potassium, which is easily absorbed.
- 0.5 l of solution is poured under one plant.
mineral nutrition
Mineral highly mobile additives include potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen. Low-mobility fertilizers include iron, copper, and boron. Basic additives for strawberries:
- ammophoska;
- liquid ammonium nitrate (per 15 ml square);
- nitroammophoska;
- complex fertilizers.
Without these additives, a decent harvest of berries will not work. Without nitrogen, the fruits will be small, not sweet. The lack of potassium will affect the juiciness of the berries, the bushes will begin to fade. Do not use these fertilizers 2 weeks before harvest.
Top dressing during budding and flowering
During the flowering period, strawberries need phosphorus and potassium. Use root and foliar top dressing for strawberries. It takes less time and effort to add additives under the root than to spraying each bush.
Root top dressing
Watering under the root allows you to deliver nutrients exactly to the address. Compositions used:
- per liter hot water a glass of ash, stir, leave to cool, filter, pour 0.5 liters under a bush.
- Thoroughly stir a spoonful of urea in 9 liters of water. Water 400 ml of solution under one plant.
- Manure 2 cups diluted in 10 liters of liquid, mixed, allowed to stand for 4-5 hours. Pour 0.5 l of fertilizer under the root.
foliar nutrition
Leaves are processed from the bottom of the leaf plate, it is she who is responsible for the absorption of nutrients.
Feed options:
- In 2 liters of water, dissolve 4 g of potassium sulfate (can be replaced with potassium permanganate), 2 g of boric acid.
- Zinc sulfate 2 g per 900 ml of water.
- After 3-4 days, the leaves are treated with a boron solution: 2 g per 2 liters of water.
- A teaspoon of potassium nitrate is diluted in 5 liters of water.
- Wood ash is scattered near the bushes on the surface of the earth, after loosening the soil. For 1 sq. m. a glass of substance.
Nutrition during the fruiting period
When the first fruits appear, when they are still green in color, strawberries are fertilized with organic matter - manure, urea or ash.
Recipe #1:
- apply a solution of mullein 1:10, chicken manure 1:15;
- insist means 3-4 days;
- watered under the root of 1 liter per plant.
Recipe #2:
- dilute 4 kg of compost in a bucket of water;
- leave to ferment for 3 days;
- pour 1 liter of liquid onto the bush.
Recipe #3:
- a glass of ash is diluted in 1 liter of water;
- a day later, a bucket of water is poured;
- stir;
- per 1 sq. m area requires 1 liter of solution.
Boric acid take a pinch per 9 liters of liquid, mix, spray the plants. Strawberries do not respond well to peat top dressing, so it is better not to use peat for berries.
Without organic additives, the berries are deformed. The bushes are watered and fertilized only under the root, if moisture gets on the fruits, this will affect the taste of the berries and cause gray rot.
Folk remedies
The yeast solution accelerates the formation of flowers, the bushes grow more actively. Use only fresh solution. Recipe:
- 1 kg of fresh yeast is placed in a five-liter bucket with heated water;
- stir;
- leave for 4 hours in a warm room;
- every hour the solution is stirred;
- pour 0.6 l of yeast agent under each bush.
Dry yeast is also used: two tbsp. spoons of sugar, 10 g of powder per glass of water. Then poured into a ten-liter bucket of water and left for 4 days.
Serum contains the components necessary for strawberries: calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, amino acids. Dairy products are suitable for alkaline soil. Serum or kefir is diluted with water (1: 2), strawberry bushes are sprayed with a solution.
Bread tincture:
- wheat or Rye bread cut (300 g);
- soaked in water 700 ml;
- leave for 5-7 days;
- filter;
- diluted with water 1:10;
- watered with a solution under the root of 0.5 l.
Watering strawberries
In strawberry culture, the roots are located close to the surface of the earth, they are not able to extract moisture from the depths of the soil. Loose soil passes water well, on square meter enough 12 liters of water. For clay soil, watering is increased by 3 liters per square plot. flowering bushes watered in the morning, used room temperature distilled water.
If it is hot for a long time, then watering is increased by 2-3 times, up to 3 times a week. When fruits appear, 2 buckets of liquid per square meter are consumed. The formation of fruits takes a lot of nutrients that come with moisture. Watering better evening to a depth of at least 20 cm.
It is desirable to cover plants with a film from direct rays and from rains. Drip irrigation is being used more and more. You can irrigate with a watering can, trying not to direct water to the flowers.
If the rhizome is exposed during watering, it is covered with earth.
Pollination of strawberries
Small deformed fruits indicate insufficient pollination during the flowering period. Heat, frequent rains, lack or shortage of insects, cold and low temperatures are the reasons that affect the quality of pollination.
Pollination methods:
- Pollinate flowers by hand - spend a soft brush on the flowers in the morning.
- To attract bees, the bushes are sprinkled with honey solution: dilute a spoonful of honey in 1 liter of water.
- planted different varieties strawberries, plants will exchange pollen. With cross-pollination, the characteristics of the variety are lost.
mustache trimming
Strawberry tendrils help the plant reproduce, while retaining all the maternal properties of strawberries. Mustaches on the bushes appear after flowering. Bare varieties of berries have also been bred.
Attention!
You can’t cut off the mustache, you can damage the bush, use scissors or pruners.
Whiskers grow during the period of fruit formation, which means that the plant expends energy on whisker growth. If you remove them immediately after flowering, you can significantly improve the quality of the fruit. Also, the mustache is cut in the first half of September after harvesting on a dry day. The shoot should not be cut at the outlet itself, but put it 5-7 cm long.
Before harvesting, straw is laid under the berries or nonwoven fabric. So the fruits will always be clean and will not overheat.
FEEDING STRAWBERRY DURING FLOWERING AND FRUITTING Save so as not to lose! Top dressing of strawberries during flowering During the formation of strawberries, a large amount of potassium is required. That is why at this time it will be especially useful to introduce chicken manure, ash, or potassium nitrate in the form of infusions. Foliar top dressing Foliar top dressings have proved themselves excellently. When color appears massively on the bushes, it is recommended to spray the plantation with a 0.02% solution of zinc sulfate. Spraying with solutions rich in trace elements at the beginning of flowering will allow the plant to gain additional strength. This will certainly affect the future harvest, because the berries will turn out to be larger. To carry out feeding on a bucket of water, you need to add a pinch of boric acid. You can also use fully prepared fertilizers, which are designed specifically for garden strawberry. Feeding with the use of such complex preparations, will increase the yield up to 30%. You can use the following composition: - potassium sulfate (2 grams); - potassium permanganate (2 grams); - boric acid (1 gram); - complex fertilizer for strawberries. Dilute the mixture in a bucket of water and carefully process the bushes, giving Special attention inside leaflet. The fact is that it is its lower part that absorbs the greatest amount of fertilizer. Yeast top dressing during the flowering period Yeast top dressing of strawberries Relatively recently, gardeners discovered the new kind top dressing - ordinary yeast. Fertilizer is universal and can be used not only for strawberries. You can feed the bushes twice during the whole season. To prepare the composition you will need: - fresh pressed yeast (1 kg); - water (5 liters). Just dilute the yeast with water and leave to infuse. Before feeding, take 0.5 liters of the finished infusion and dilute it again in 10 liters of water. For each bush, 0.5 liters of fertilizer under the root is enough. You can also use instant dry yeast if you like. In this case, take: - dry yeast (sachet); - granulated sugar (2 large spoons). Mix the sugar with the yeast and pour in a little warm water to start the yeast. Dilute the resulting mixture in a bucket of water and leave for 2 hours. After that, water the strawberries, adding 0.5 liters of fertilizer per watering can. Top dressing during the fruiting period Top dressing of strawberries during the fruiting period Do not refuse top dressing during the fruiting period of strawberries. As practice shows, only the first berries are especially large. The second and third crop stream is no longer so beautiful. Feeding will help to fix such a nuisance. Of course, to feed the bushes or not, it's up to you. You can use the following compositions: - dilute compost (4 kg) with water and water the plants under the root; - dry mullein (3 kg) pour water and let it brew for several days, then water the bushes; - dilute chicken manure in water, observing the proportion of 1:10, let it brew for 3 days and water the plants without touching the leaves and berries. Helpful Hints Summer top dressing of strawberries during flowering and fruiting is essential if you really want to get a quality harvest of berries. But at the same time, it is important to remember: - Top dressing of flowering strawberries can be carried out only once, with any of the selected compositions. - Top dressing using organic matter allows you to get not only a high-quality, but also a completely safe crop. After all, the berries do not receive any "chemistry". - Any fertilization must be carried out on moist soil. Ideally after a good rain or watering. - If you carry out the usual top dressing, then try not to get the solution on the berries and leaves of the plant
Strawberry care begins in spring, as soon as warm weather allows you to visit the garden regularly. The snow will melt, the earth will dry out and you can outline a work plan.
The first step is to remove the shelter that protected the strawberries from frost in winter. Rake straw or remove spruce branches. Old diseased leaves cut off or cut off. Then loosen the aisles to a depth of 5-8 cm, if necessary, spud the bushes, weed if the first weeds have broken through.
Before the strawberries begin to bloom, you need to decide whether to treat the leaves and soil from diseases. This is important, because during the flowering process, processing chemicals unacceptable - you can poison the bees (pollinators).
Therefore, if spots are found on the leaves, last season there was a lot of gray rot, you need to not only remove the old leaves, but also throw away the mulch (change leaves or straw).
How and how to process strawberries depends on the stage of development of the bushes:
- Until the buds swell on the strawberries, you can spray the beds or 2% nitrafen (200 g per 10 liters of water). After swelling of the kidneys, these funds can not be used.
- In the period when the buds are already opening, and flowering has not yet come, you can spray the strawberries and the soil around the bushes with copper chloride (30 g or 1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water + 1 teaspoon liquid soap).
- During flowering, you can not process anything other than phytosporin, phytoavalanche, etc. drugs.
- After collecting the last berries, if they had a lot of gray rot or other diseases manifested themselves, you need to once again treat the bushes with a solution of copper oxychloride (20 g or 2 tablespoons per 10 liters of water + 1 teaspoon of liquid soap) or 1% solution Bordeaux liquid.
Care for strawberries during flowering
Various varieties of strawberries bloom and bear fruit in different dates, the most early strawberry begins to bloom in mid-May. During this period, it is important to feed the berries in a timely manner, prepare the soil around to preserve the ripening berries, and if spraying against diseases was not carried out before flowering, treat the leaves with biological preparations.
Growing strawberries for the sake of berries, we would like to increase the number of peduncles by all means. To do this, we apply top dressing, however, too much fertilizer, especially nitrogen, can limit flowering. Excess nitrogen (in mineral fertilizers and organics) causes excessive growth of tops, but not berries. Therefore, if your strawberry bushes are large enough, developed, but give few peduncles, reduce nitrogen fertilizer. But phosphorus and potassium need to be added.
If everything is in order with the number of inflorescences, then you can feed the strawberries with complex mineral fertilizer, which has the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in equal parts (NPK formula, for example, 10-10-10).
The last time strawberries need to be fed no later than mid-July - during this period there is a second wave of root growth, they need food to lay fruit buds. But excessive fertilization will lead to the growth of the vegetative mass, root rot and a decrease in frost resistance.
During flowering, you need to remove excess whiskers. In young annual bushes, you can pinch off the earliest flowers to small plants developed better, the berries from them will still be medium-sized.
Boron is a very important trace element in the development flowering plant, therefore, in order to significantly increase the yield and improve the taste of berries, you need to spray strawberry leaves boric acid, for this, dilute 5 g of powder in 10 liters of water:
- the first time when opening the first buds
- the second time when all the flowers are fully opened
Do not spray boric acid on the fruits - boric acid is toxic to humans if ingested.
To increase the yield of strawberries, additional fertilizing can be carried out by spraying with a solution of zinc sulfate (at the rate of 1-2 g per 10 liters of water). Spray the first time at the beginning of mass flowering, the second - during the growth of the ovaries.
When berries begin to ripen on strawberries, pay attention that they do not lie on the ground, if the soil is not mulched with straw or film, then place cardboard sheets under the clusters of berries.
Regularly audit the strawberry plantation, cull diseased plants, carry out slugs prevention before the first berries ripen.
Watering strawberries
Moisturizing the soil for strawberries that give juicy fruits is very important. In dry, hot weather without watering, the berries are formed small with hard seeds, and not sweet. Therefore, watering strawberries is a mandatory agricultural technique.
Strawberry bushes need to be watered when the earth is warm enough, from about the beginning of May. Before fruiting (mid-June), daily temperature fluctuations are still strong (quite cold at night) and watering in dry weather can be once a week, and if the beds with strawberries are well weeded and mulched, then you can do without watering literally until hot sunny days .
The need for watering increases with the beginning of fruiting, it is necessary to water 2-4 times a week. It is necessary to water so as to moisten the top 20-30 cm of soil well. When the heat subsides, flowering ends, it seems that the plant no longer needs watering - this is not so, during this period the peripheral root system builds up, both hilling and watering are required, although more rare, 1-2 times a week, in depending on the weather.
Strawberries do not like either dryness or excessive dampness, therefore, after abundant watering, it is important to loosen the aisles, especially if the soil structure is heavy enough.
You only need to water the strawberries warm water– watering cold water leads to the development of serious diseases and the loss of not only the crop, but the entire strawberry plantation.
In spring, you need to water in the morning, in the evening - the earth cools down, so watering is undesirable. In summer, when it is already warm enough at night, you can water it at any time, both in the morning and in the evening.
How to water strawberries under a film
If you have strawberry beds mulched with film, watering depends on the type of material.
Non-woven material - spunbond, agrospan, lutrasil, agrofibre (the same under different names) immediately after purchase in the first season does not absorb water at all, you need to water it into the holes made for plants. All non-woven materials are water-permeable only when they lie down for at least six months (note that the material does not fall apart in the first year, you need to choose a material with UV Stabilizers).
Black polyethylene film, does not absorb water at all, and if you simply pour it from above from a watering can, the water will drain into the aisles, therefore, under the film, it is poured only into the holes.
If you are only planting young strawberry bushes on the beds, then do this:
- carefully shed prepared beds,
- cover the mulch material,
- make holes in it right places cut crosswise, then round the corners of the cut (for ease of watering), leaving holes no larger than the diameter of the bush (you can expand it later),
- plant seedlings in holes
- water in these cruciform holes.
Watering frequency strawberry beds under the black film and under the agrospan (non-woven materials) is different - under the film the earth holds moisture longer and watering less often.
This technology is complicated only at the stage of laying the material when planting strawberries (requires arrangement high beds), but further weeding and loosening is not required. When ripe, the berries remain clean, when it rains, moisture affects the boundary. By the way, white agrofibre is not a hindrance to weeds - they get enough light for photosynthesis, so it's better to immediately abandon this option.
Care after harvest
With the end of fruiting, we continue to water the strawberries as needed and until the last berries remain on it.
As soon as the berries are over, you need to cut the leaves so that the young have time to grow before the cold autumn.
To do this, use a sharp one and cut or mow all the leaves, leaving the petioles 6-7 cm long, do not cut the bushes to the base.
At the same time as trimming the leaves, you need to weed the beds if weeds break through the mulch, and remove excess mustache. Between the rows, you can loosen the soil with a pitchfork.
If there are spots on the strawberry leaves that are characteristic of a certain disease, pruning is simply necessary, all cut leaves should be burned, and not thrown into the compost heap.
If you want to leave some young bushes for propagation, then choose the nearest mother plant- they are the strongest, spud them, and leave the leaves, if they are spotless. Feed complex fertilizer using, for example, nitroammophoska (2 tablespoons per 10 liters of water).
In autumn, in the second half of September, it is necessary to preventive treatment strawberries from diseases and pests. If there are no obvious pests, use folk recipes, for example, in a bucket of water, dilute 2 tbsp. spoons wood ash and 2 tbsp. spoons of vinegar, 2 tbsp. spoons of green soap and 2 tbsp. spoons vegetable oil. Spray the regrown young leaves and beds (the ground around) with the prepared solution.
If a transparent strawberry mite was found on strawberries, then after flowering and pruning, it is worth spraying the beds and bushes with a solution of karbofos, inta-vir and other preparations. You can prepare a tank mix of 1 tbsp. spoon of copper oxychloride + 1 tbsp. a spoonful of neutral liquid soap + 20 g of karbofos per 10 liters of water - this solution destroys pathogens (fungi and bacteria), as well as pests.
Almost every dacha grows strawberries. True, she does not please everyone with abundant harvests, although it is considered unpretentious culture. Descriptions of modern varieties garden strawberries guarantee from 2 to 5 kg of berries per square meter.
How to feed strawberries during flowering to make it a reality.
Why supplements are needed
Strawberry - perennial, usually it is grown in one place for 4 years. When planting, organic matter (humus, compost) and mineral fertilizers are introduced into the soil, this stock is enough for strawberries for 2 years. But if you do not carry out annual top dressing, the earth will quickly be depleted, the berries will be crushed.
Strawberries need additional nutrition in different growth phases:
- in the spring, when the aerial part of the bush grows;
- during flowering;
- at the very beginning of fruiting, when the berries are just beginning to form.
First spring dressing also has great importance. It is carried out immediately after restoring order in the garden. The soil around the bushes must be cleaned of plant debris, mulch removed, loosened shallowly. Feeding activities are simple, but thanks to them, most of the pests, fungal spores and other infections are removed from the garden.
At the same time, old bushes damaged by frost are dug up and removed. Every plant needs to be examined. The growth point of each plant must be freed from the ground. A small amount of snow in winter, when melting, moistens the soil. If at a depth of 30 cm the earth is wet, then the ridge is not watered.
Reference! At proper watering the soil is moistened to a depth of 40 cm.
In early spring, before flowering, strawberries are fed with fertilizer containing nitrogen. During this period, the bushes are actively overgrown with leaves and the plant needs it. Strawberries can be fed with the following nutrient solutions:
- For 10 liters of water add 1 tbsp. l urea (urea).
- Take fresh manure (300 g), pour water (10 l), leave for 2 days, before fertilizing, add a tablespoon of ammonium sulfate to the bucket.
- Put 200 g of bird droppings in a bucket, add water, leave for a day.
Thanks to this top dressing, the bushes will grow up, overgrow with foliage, release flower stalks and pick up color.
Top dressing during flowering
The flowering period and its duration in ordinary garden strawberries depends on the variety, it can begin at the end of May and in any of the summer months. This type of berry blooms once. Many people prefer to grow a different variety in the country. berry culture- remontant strawberries.
Remontant varieties bloom twice, the first flowering is the end of May - the beginning of June, the second - at the end of summer. The need for nutrients in remontant strawberries higher than the usual, because of the double fruiting. It takes more nutrients out of the soil. It is clear that feeding strawberries during flowering plays an important role in maintaining soil fertility and increasing the yield of berry crops.
The summer resident has ample opportunities when choosing a means for carrying out additional nutrition. You can follow in the footsteps of supporters organic farming and use only organic and biological preparations for feeding strawberries during flowering. You can adhere to grandfather's traditions, using only folk recipes, which are now very popular. Most prefer the integrated use of chemical, biological and natural preparations for feeding strawberries.
Feeding chemicals
Mineral fertilizers as top dressing are used to feed 3-year-old strawberries. For the first two years, she has enough reserves of trace elements incorporated into the soil during planting. The main nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements (magnesium, boron, calcium) in the form of mineral fertilizers are applied in the spring before flowering. It is better not to use chemistry during the active release of peduncles and fruit set.
Important! Apply strawberry fertilizer when average daily temperature above 15 °C. low temperatures strawberries do not absorb nutrients.
Urea and ammonium nitrate perfectly fill the need for strawberries in nitrogen during flowering.
- berries may not be tied;
- the taste of the fruit deteriorates, the pulp becomes unsweetened.
Feed the strawberry bushes with a solution of urea (ammonium nitrate) before flowering.
With signs of potassium starvation, top dressing of strawberries during flowering is permissible. To replenish potassium in the soil, you can use:
- potassium sulfate;
- potassium nitrate;
- potassium magnesia.
Important! Potassium relieves stress from high summer temperatures, stimulates the immune system.
Poor nitrogen uptake, slow growth, blue-green leaf color with a purple tint, colorless or brown spots on the leaf plate are signs of potassium starvation. You can save plants with a solution prepared on the basis of potassium nitrate. It is enough to dilute only 1 tsp of potassium nitrate in 10 liters of water. Pour one 0.5 liter jar of liquid fertilizer under each bush.
The following recipe is suitable for ardent opponents of chemistry as a top dressing for strawberries. In its composition, ash is a natural element. If you do not know how to feed strawberries during flowering, then use this instruction:
- bring 1 liter of water to a boil;
- sow 1 glass of ash;
- pour the ashes with boiling water.
With a cooled infusion, you can water the strawberries during flowering. The consumption rate for 1 bush is 0.5 liters. With a deficiency of nutrients during flowering, many summer residents prefer complex mineral fertilizers: Rubin, Agros, Hera. It is not difficult to observe the dosage, it is indicated in the instructions for the drug.
With a lack of trace elements
The lack of trace elements will help make up for foliar feeding of strawberries during flowering. It should be carried out when most of the flowers bloom on the bushes.
To prepare the working solution, use natural products:
- boric acid;
- yeast;
- fresh nettle.
Yeast
Take any kind of yeast: dry fast acting, fresh pressed. Fresh yeast, take 1 kg per 5 liters of water. When using dry yeast, the proportions are different: yeast - a bag, water - 5 liters, sugar - by eye.
Place the fermentation container in a warm place. Sourdough with dry yeast is ready in 2 hours, fresh yeast lasts longer. Concentrated yeast water is diluted before use, 20 parts of water and one part of sourdough are taken.
We get universal fertilizer. It can be used as foliar feeding on the leaf and water the strawberry bushes under the root. For root dressing, 0.5 liters of working solution is enough.
Fresh nettle and boric acid
These solutions are very easy to prepare. Fresh nettles must be crushed and pour hot, but not boiling water. Optimum temperature water 50 °C. A bucket of infusion is kept for a day dark place, filter, sprinkle strawberry bushes in evening time from the sprayer.
Feeding strawberries during flowering with boric acid improves pollination, stimulates the formation of ovaries. It will take 2 g of acid, in cold water it will not dissolve, so take a small amount of hot water and dissolve the white crystals in it. Pour the concentrated solution into 10 liters of water with complete dissolution of the powder. Processing is carried out according to the sheet in the evening.
Organics as a feed
Strawberry bushes intensively consume potassium during the period of berry setting. At the time of the appearance of buds, top dressing of strawberries during flowering with chicken droppings will not interfere. summer residents in major cities it won't be hard to buy it. Granular litter is sold in packaging convenient for transportation (10-20 kg).
To prepare the infusion, take 2 kg of chicken manure. Insist top dressing for three days in 10 liters of water.
Dilute the resulting concentrate with water in a ratio of 1:10 before use. Top dressing is carried out the next day after the planned watering.
Prevention of strawberry diseases
During flowering, symptoms of gray rot may appear on strawberry bushes. Especially quickly the botrytis fungus multiplies in wet weather. Bushes and berries suffer, spots of brown flowers and a gray coating appear on them. There is no need to talk about the quality of the crop. Berries affected by the fungus do not store well. The pulp loses elasticity, becomes watery, rots.
Late blight is dangerous during the flowering of strawberries. A plant infected with phytophthora can live for about 3 years. A sick strawberry shows the following symptoms:
- strawberry whiskers do not grow well;
- the leaves are deformed, smaller, acquire a gray tint;
- bush growth below normal;
- peduncles shortened;
- berries are not tied.
To avoid this scourge, use folk recipes for fungal diseases during strawberry flowering. Only natural substances are used, so the quality of future berries will not suffer.
Advice! Use helper plants to protect strawberries from pests and diseases. Plant onions and garlic between rows.
Dusting the bushes and the space between them with ashes is the easiest way to prevent fungal diseases. Processing should be done after each watering. Use wood ash, sifted. Keep in mind that ash contains potassium and many other beneficial trace elements, using it during flowering, you will not only protect it from infection, but also feed it with useful elements.
Garlic is another useful and safe remedy top dressing for processing strawberries. Take for cooking 500 g of cloves. They need to be crushed in a mortar and pour 10 liters of water. The infusion can be used after three days. Before work, it must be filtered and diluted with water (1: 1). Preventive spraying should be carried out in the system. Start from the end of May, observing an interval of 10 days.
Watch a helpful video on how to feed strawberries during flowering:
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