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Ash as a universal fertilizer

Fig, fig, fig tree - these are all names of the same plant, which we strongly associate with Mediterranean life. Anyone who has ever tasted fig fruits knows how delicious it is. But, in addition to a delicate sweet taste, they are also very healthy. And here is an interesting detail: it turns out that figs are completely unpretentious plant. In addition, it can be successfully grown on a plot in middle lane or at home - in a container.

Quite often, even experienced summer residents face difficulties in growing tomato seedlings. For some, all seedlings turn out to be elongated and weak, for others, they suddenly begin to fall and die. The thing is that it is difficult to maintain in an apartment ideal conditions for growing seedlings. Seedlings of any plants need to provide a lot of light, sufficient moisture and optimum temperature. What else do you need to know and observe when growing tomato seedlings in an apartment?

Delicious vinaigrette with apple and sauerkraut- vegetarian salad of boiled and chilled, raw, pickled, salted, pickled vegetables and fruits. The name comes from a French sauce made from vinegar, olive oil and mustard (vinaigrette). Vinaigrette appeared in Russian cuisine not so long ago, around the beginning of the 19th century, perhaps the recipe was borrowed from Austrian or German cuisine, since the ingredients for the Austrian herring salad are very similar.

When we dreamily touch bright seed bags in our hands, we are sometimes subconsciously sure that we have a prototype of the future plant. We mentally allocate a place for him in the flower garden and look forward to the cherished day of the appearance of the first bud. However, buying seeds does not always guarantee that you will eventually get the desired flower. I would like to draw attention to the reasons why the seeds may not sprout or die at the very beginning of germination.

Spring is coming, and gardeners have more work to do, and with the onset of heat, changes in the garden are happening rapidly. Buds are already beginning to swell on plants that were still sleeping yesterday, everything literally comes to life before our eyes. After long winter this cannot but rejoice. But along with the garden, its problems come to life - pests and pathogens. Weevils, flower beetles, aphids, clasterosporiasis, maniliasis, scab, powdery mildew - you can list for a very long time.

Breakfast toast with avocado and egg salad is a great start to the day. The egg salad in this recipe acts as a thick sauce seasoned with fresh vegetables and shrimp. My egg salad is quite unusual, it is a dietary version of everyone's favorite snack - with Feta cheese, Greek yogurt and red caviar. If you have time in the morning, never deny yourself the pleasure of cooking something tasty and healthy. The day should start with positive emotions!

Perhaps every woman at least once received a gift blooming orchid. It is not surprising, because such a lively bouquet looks amazing and blooms for a long time. Orchids cannot be called very difficult indoor crops to grow, but not fulfilling the main conditions for their maintenance often leads to the loss of a flower. If you are just getting started with indoor orchids, you should find out the right answers to the main questions on growing these beautiful plants in the house.

Lush cheesecakes with poppy seeds and raisins, cooked according to this recipe, are eaten in my family in the blink of an eye. Moderately sweet, plump, tender, with an appetizing crust, without excess oil, in a word, just like mother or grandmother fried in childhood. If the raisins are very sweet, then granulated sugar can not be added at all, without sugar, cheesecakes will be better fried and will never burn. Cook them in a well-heated frying pan, greased with oil, over low heat and without a lid!

Cherry tomatoes differ from their large counterparts not only in the small size of the berries. Many varieties of cherry are characterized by a unique sweet taste, which is very different from the classic tomato. Anyone who has never tasted such cherry tomatoes with their eyes closed may well decide that they are tasting some unusual exotic fruits. In this article, I will talk about five different tomatoes cherry tomatoes, which have the sweetest fruits of unusual colors.

I started growing annual flowers in the garden and on the balcony more than 20 years ago, but I will never forget my first petunia, which I planted in the country along the path. Only a couple of decades have passed, but one wonders how different petunias of the past are from today's many-sided hybrids! In this article, I propose to trace the history of the transformation of this flower from a simpleton into a real queen of annuals, as well as consider modern varieties of unusual colors.

Salad with spicy chicken, mushrooms, cheese and grapes - fragrant and satisfying. This dish can be served as a main dish if you are preparing a cold dinner. Cheese, nuts, mayonnaise are high-calorie foods, combined with spicy fried chicken and mushrooms, you get a very nutritious snack that is refreshed by sweet and sour grapes. The chicken fillet in this recipe is marinated in a spicy mixture of ground cinnamon, turmeric and chili powder. If you like food with a spark, use hot chili.

The question is how to grow healthy seedlings, all summer residents are concerned in early spring. It seems that there are no secrets here - the main thing for fast and strong seedlings is to provide them with warmth, moisture and light. But in practice, in a city apartment or a private house, this is not so easy to do. Certainly, everyone experienced gardener there is a proven way to grow seedlings. But today we will talk about a relatively new assistant in this matter - the propagator.

The variety of tomato "Sanka" is one of the most popular in Russia. Why? The answer is simple. He is the very first to bear fruit in the garden. Tomatoes ripen when other varieties have not even faded yet. Of course, if you follow the recommendations for growing and make an effort, even a novice grower will get a rich harvest and joy from the process. And so that efforts are not in vain, we advise you to plant high-quality seeds. For example, such as seeds from TM "Agrosuccess".

The task of indoor plants in the house is to decorate the house with its appearance, to create a special atmosphere of comfort. For this we are ready to take care of them regularly. Care is not only watering on time, although this is also important. It is necessary to create other conditions: suitable lighting, humidity and air temperature, make the correct and timely transplant. For experienced flower growers there is nothing supernatural in this. But beginners often face certain difficulties.

Tender cutlets from chicken breast with champignons to cook simply according to this recipe with step by step photos. There is an opinion that it is difficult to cook juicy and tender cutlets from chicken breast, this is not so! Chicken meat contains practically no fat, which is why it is dry. But if you add to chicken fillet cream, White bread and mushrooms with onions, you get awesome tasty cutlets that both children and adults will like. In the mushroom season, try adding forest mushrooms to the minced meat.

To improve soil fertility, our compatriots are accustomed to fertilizing the land with wood ash, this plant material will be an ideal source of valuable trace elements, nutrients necessary for good growth plants.

If the earth is personal plot contains little potassium, the soil is too acidic, it is wood ash that will correct the situation. However, in alkaline or neutral soil, the ash will increase the acidity so much that the plants will no longer be able to get nutrients from it.

When burning wood, sulfur and nitrogen are released into the atmosphere, trace elements, magnesium, potassium and calcium remain. Due to the presence of oxides and carbonates, the use of wood ash leads to normal soil acidity. The benefits of fertilizer directly depend on the type of wood. Usually ash coniferous trees has a lower percentage of valuable substances than hardwood ash.

Despite the fact that the ashes do not contain nitrogen, it is better not to apply it along with nitrogen fertilizers. Instead of benefit, harm is done, ammonia is actively formed and released, and increased dosages of the substance are extremely dangerous for plants.

If the soil acidity index is more than 7 points, this contributes to an increase in its alkalinity. The introduction of ash should be carried out randomly:

1. in the holes during planting crops;
2. when digging;
3. into grooves.

As much as possible, it is allowed to give no more than a glass of fertilizer per square meter. The positive effect of the use of the product will last for several years.

Wood ash and its beneficial properties

What is useful ash for the garden? To fertilize the soil, it is recommended to prepare an ash solution, for this they take a glass of ash, pour it into a bucket of water, leave it to infuse all night. Shrubs, trees and vegetable crops are watered with this solution. Immediately before watering, the infusion is thoroughly mixed, ash particles should be evenly distributed in the liquid.

Ashes are sprinkled on the ground around the plants, this will scare away pests, but after getting wet, it will lose its deterrent properties. It is harmful to continuously use wood ash, it will significantly increase the acidity of the soil, which inhibits plant growth.

There is no chlorine in the composition of wood ash, for this reason it is allowed to make it under the bushes:

• grape;
• potatoes;
• citrus;
• currant;
• raspberries.

Potato fertilizer will benefit, the friability of tubers will increase one and a half times, while you can not be zealous, an excess of ash provokes a dangerous scab disease. Do not add the ash solution until the third leaf of pepper, tomato and eggplant seedlings appears.

When planting seedlings, it is permissible to add a tablespoon of dry ash to the wells, after mixing it with the ground. Ash for the garden will be useful only when correct application, it is necessary to exclude contact of the roots of the bushes with ash, otherwise the plant:

1. get sick;
2. will not take root in a new place;
3. will die.

In order not to lose the beneficial properties of wood ash, it must be stored in a dry and ventilated place. If it gets wet, almost all potassium is lost. Concerning percentage potassium in the fertilizer, it depends on the age of the tree and its species. The younger the raw material, the more useful substance it contains.

There is little phosphorus in the top dressing, although it is used by plants much more efficiently than from superphosphate.

Walnut ash

What plants benefit from walnut ash? The product is suitable for fertilizing potatoes, cucumbers, strawberries and tomatoes. Some reviews indicate that walnut ash is harmful to vegetable and fruit crops, but these statements are erroneous. Harmful substances naphthoquinones are found exclusively in the green peel, foliage and bark of the walnut, they only harm plants and trees growing nearby.

Complete combustion of wood releases it from toxic substances, potassium, phosphorus, calcium and other valuable components remain in the ash. It also contains many other useful substances, without which normal plant growth is impossible.

Walnut shell ash found wide application in cosmetology, it is good at solving unwanted hair problems. To remove hair you need:

• burn the shell;
• dilute the ashes with warm water;
• stir, insist 15 minutes.

For every 500 ml of water, a teaspoon of ash is taken; cosmetologists advise treating areas with the composition skin with unwanted hair.

What other ash is suitable for fertilizer

In the garden and in the garden, it is permissible to use ashes from the burning of rice husks, husks of sunflower seeds. If it is a sunflower, about 1 percent of the total mass is obtained from ash, the composition is rich in potassium, it is used for fertilizer fruit trees, bushes.

This type of ash has become the leader in the presence of potassium dioxide. During the burning of the husk, nitrogen is released into the air, the ash does not enrich the earth with nitrogen, similar to wood ash.

How useful is ash as a fertilizer if it is obtained as a result of burning straw and hay? This type ash brings little benefit, it does not contain important nutrients, too much fertilizer will be required for high-quality top dressing.

In regions where rice is grown, rice husks have also been used. It is generally accepted that this raw material is quite valuable, it contains essential microelements and macroelements:

1. calcium;
2. zinc;
3. potassium;
4. magnesium;
5. manganese.

But nitrogen, oxygen and carbon are volatilized during combustion. Fertilizers from rye, oats and rice will be the best in quality.

It is harmful to use coal ash and ash obtained as a result of burning cardboard, household waste and particle boards in the garden and in the country. Their components contain a number of hazardous and harmful substances in large quantities they will destroy the plants.

For example, glue cardboard box or particle board consists of boron, a substance toxic to many trees, shrubs and plants. Vegetables and fruits grown on ashes from construction waste inevitably poison the human body and provoke the development of unpleasant diseases.

When working with wood ash, you need to take precautions, wear special protective gloves and glasses. In case of too windy weather, they also wear a respirator.

As you can see, there can be benefits and harms of ashes for the garden, in order to obtain the proper result, it is recommended to use the ashes correctly, do not use ashes from building materials and other debris.

How else can you apply

Gardeners recommend using an ash-soap solution, it will destroy insects and become an excellent plant food. You need to take 300 g of pure ash and 5 liters of warm water, boil the broth for half an hour over low heat.

After that, the broth is filtered, another 5 liters of water and 3 large spoons of liquid soap are added. Plants are treated with a solution, but always in dry weather. A sediment forms at the bottom of the tank, it is used as a fertilizer, applied between the rows.

The infusion kills caterpillar, flea and aphids. After treatment, the plants bloom much earlier, become healthy and green. After spraying, it is useful to additionally powder the plants with ash, it adheres well to wet leaves.

Among all the ways to feed a plant, the most convenient and environmentally friendly is the use of ash as a fertilizer. It is easy to prepare, use and store. In addition, the micro- and ash elements contained in it give special value. It is in the composition that the main difference between the varieties of this fertilizer lies:

1. Wood ash is richer in phosphorus and potassium. It also contains a large amount of calcium, which reduces the negative impact of the acidic environment of the soil. Magnesium, sulfur, iron, zinc and other trace elements support the health and strength of the plant over a long period.

Depending on the richness of the soil and the needs of the crop, the chemical composition of the fertilizer can be adjusted. So, for example, the choice of hardwoods, especially birch, guarantees an increased dose of potassium. Herbaceous plants with a rigid stem, such as sunflower, buckwheat and others, are enriched with the same element. But conifers are a source of phosphorus, as well as wheat or rye straw, tree bark.

1. Peat ash is characterized by a lower content of phosphorus-potassium compounds, which is more suitable under the conditions of their initial presence in the soil or for use in crops that consume these elements in small quantities. And calcium, which is found here in a higher concentration than in wood ash, is indispensable on podzolic and other types of soils that are acidic.
2. Ash does not contain so needed by plants calcium, phosphorus and potassium. On the other hand, it is rich in sulfur, which makes it possible to acidify alkaline soils, but excludes its use already in a slightly acidic environment. Also, coal ash is distinguished by the presence of silicon oxides, which contributes to the structuring of loams and even their drying.

In most cases, the soil is poor in potassium, and of the standard fertilizers, it is found most in KCl. However, the use of this salt is rather inconvenient, since the presence of chlorine in the composition, to which only a few crops react neutrally, forces it to be applied in the fall so that everything that is superfluous has time to wash out by spring. Ash is much more convenient in this regard, because. contains a useful element in the almost complete absence of harmful.

How to properly use ash

One of the main questions that worries all gardeners, especially beginners, is what fertilizer to choose for top dressing in order to give the plant everything it needs right away and how to apply it. Feeding ash is used on the following crops: potatoes, tomatoes, strawberries, grapes, fruit and flower plants.

In order to increase the effectiveness of feeding, you must follow a few rules:

For fertilizing with ash, you must adhere to the following rules:

• On clay and loamy soils, application is recommended in autumn, followed by incorporation to a depth of 20-25 cm;
• On sandy and sandy types, it is more rational to use in the spring after the end of the rains (the nutrients of the ash are quickly washed out) or immediately before planting.

The consumption rate is about 200 to 300 g/m 2 . The effect of the introduction of ashes is observed for 2-4 years.

• To reduce the destructive effect of the acidic environment of the soil, it is best to apply wood ash in the fall. At the same time, an increase in the cold resistance of plants is achieved.
• In addition to dry use, ashes can be added to composts by pouring 10 kg of fertilizer into them every 1 m 3 in layers, which will act, in some way, as a catalyst for overheating organic matter.
• Ready solution at the rate of 100 g / 10 l of water. The liquid mixture is introduced with constant stirring (the precipitate should not remain). It should also be borne in mind that the concentration of ash with this method can be reduced, because. substances dissolved in water are more fully absorbed by the roots.
• Soaking the seeds of eggplant, tomatoes, in a solution of ash with water heals the seed. To do this, the composition must first be infused for a day.

There is no one recipe for how to fertilize certain crops with ash, because. each of them has its own requirements, concentration and method.

Features of use

In order not to get a backlash, when fertilizing:

1. Ash storage is unacceptable in humid conditions, because. ash is an excellent adsorbent, and nutrients dissolve easily when released into water. In other words, there is practically no point in using such material in top dressing.
2. Nitrogen fertilizers are not combined with ash, because. when jointly introduced, the main element of them becomes inaccessible, and, therefore, does not reach the goal. This applies to both minerals and organic species. Therefore, nitrogen is applied not earlier than one month after the ash.
3. It is also not recommended to mix phosphate rock or superphosphate with ashes, since phosphorus in this case passes into hard-to-reach forms.
4. The use of burnt garbage as a fertilizer, especially containing polymeric materials, is excluded. In addition, painted and treated wood is not suitable, because. the content of toxic substances in it will cause more harm.

The use of ash for potatoes

For potatoes, ash is a preferred fertilizer than any other, because. this culture consumes a large amount of potassium and categorically does not accept chlorine. Many gardeners have noted that the greatest increase in yield is observed when ash is added directly to the hole. The dosage can range from 1 cup to 400 g depending on the type of soil. Especially good effect will be when dusting the tubers.

The application can be distributed evenly over the growing season, for example, by adding wood ash during the first and second (budding phase) hilling, 2 tablespoons and half a glass under the bush, respectively. It must be remembered that these standards apply to wood ash. When using peat - be sure to increase the rate to 30%.

Such top dressing allows you to get strong plants with tubers. In addition to providing culture necessary elements nutrition, the ash has a fungicidal effect, namely, it inhibits the development of late blight, from which more and more potato growers suffer every year. Here, coal ash shows itself especially well, because. it contains more copper. In addition, spraying ashes on plants helps in the fight against the Colorado potato beetle.

The benefits of ashes for vegetables and fruits

On wood fertilizer all vegetable crops respond positively, tk. the nutrients it contains are especially loved by these plants. For a big harvest High Quality pumpkin (cucumbers, zucchini, squash) is brought before planting 1 cup, followed by embedding and after 2 tablespoons for each bush. Root top dressing provides for the incorporation of 1 cup per m 2, followed by watering.

Nightshades need 3 cups of fertilizer before planting, adding 0.5 cup when planting seedlings in their final location. Fractionally applied ash on cabbage: up to 2 cups at the beginning holiday season and 0.5 cups per well.

Parsley, lettuce, dill are provided with all the necessary elements when digging 1 m 2 of soil with 1 glass of ash in the spring. And here winter garlic and onions prefer autumn application of fertilizer.

For fruit crops wood ash is a favorite remedy, because. it contains virtually no chlorine. Top dressing consists in embedding dry ash in tree trunks in the spring every 2-3 years.

grape fertilizer

Grapes also belong to crops that consume large doses of potassium. To provide it with the necessary number of batteries, a whole system of top dressing with ash is used, carried out at intervals of 1 time in 3-4 years.

After harvesting, each plant is watered with a large volume of water with the obligatory addition of wood ash to the last bucket (approximately 300g). Spring top dressing consists in embedding 2 kg of ash in tree trunks. And the introduction of dry fertilizer in the first days of summer allows you to simultaneously fight the fungus with improved root nutrition. However, ash should not be used excessively, especially on soils with an alkaline reaction of the environment, because. this is fraught with chlorosis on the leaves.

In addition to root top dressing, grapes respond well to spraying it with a solution of ash and water (1: 2) during the growing season. The mixture is pre-infused for at least three days (from time to time it must be stirred). Then the fertilizer should be defended so that it is possible to drain the water without sediment and dilute it with water in a ratio of 1:3. Processing is best done on days with less solar activity, or in the evening to avoid burns. This operation helps to get rid of fungal diseases of the culture.

To ensure the annual fruiting of grapes, it must be cut off before wintering. The remaining branches can be an excellent material for wood ash with a high content of potassium (25%) and phosphorus (17%).

Fertilizer garden flowers

Because ash, especially wood ash, contains all the elements involved in maintaining health and beauty flower plants, its use is simply indispensable in obtaining luxurious flower beds. In particular, this applies to rose gardens of any type.

The simplest method of use is to spread evenly over the flower bed with incorporation into the soil. This is one of the few cases where fertilization is not recommended at planting, but rather as top dressing. Roots are carried out with dry ash (under perennial bushes) or by watering with a 2-day infusion on water at the rate of 10 g / l.

For spraying during vegetation, a more concentrated solution is used (the ratio of components is 20 g / l). Top dressing is best done before sunrise or in the evening, so as not to expose the leaves and petals to the risk of burns. The same fertilizer is used on indoor plants with the only difference being that it is necessary to take into account the proportions due to the limited pot space.

Ash to protect plants from pests

To achieve good yields, you need to constantly fight pests, weeds, and diseases. And if some of them have the opportunity to deal with mechanically, then others are forced to resort to more sophisticated methods, namely chemical means. However, ash also helps with many fairly common garden problems. For example, due to its properties, ash helps to get rid of even some plants, such as horsetail.

Some of the most unpleasant pests are slugs and snails, which are not so easy to get rid of even with repellents. If, however, dry ash is sprinkled on the surface of the soil around the plant, their attacks cease to bother. Wireworms and ants also react to this method, only their paths are processed.

To protect the roots of strawberries from omnivorous larvae, it is enough to powder the edges of the hole when planting seedlings. And to get rid of the ground part of the plants from various insects such as aphids, whites and others, a solution is prepared with ash and a decoction of herbs (it is better to select individually for each specific pest). It must be taken into account that a greater effect is achieved when added as a surfactant laundry soap at the rate of 10 g/l. A mixture of fly ash and tobacco in equal proportions shows itself very well. It can be dusted on onions, cabbage, rutabaga, radishes and other crops to protect against harmful flies and cruciferous fleas.

Ash as a fungicide

Spraying with a solution of water and wood ash has a healing effect on strawberries in the fight against the first signs of gray rot. The consumption rate of such a fungicide is up to 15 g per bush. To prepare the solution, you will need 300 g of ash dissolved in 3 liters of water, followed by heating and infusion for 6 hours. Then soap and water are added (the total volume should be 10 liters).

If a disease is detected in the initial phase, 2-fold treatment with a frequency of 2 weeks is sufficient, with the later stages the situation is more complicated, because. the probability of eradicating action is significantly reduced in this case. Ease of use is achieved by filtering the composition before processing.

This tool is applicable, among other things, for the destruction of powdery mildew fungi on pumpkin plants. Mixing wood ash with the soil before planting cabbage reduces susceptibility to clubroot and blackleg disease. And adding it to the rows of table beets provides protection against tail rot and heart damage due to the boron contained in the ashes.

If cucumbers are affected by root rot, they must be treated either with dry ash by dusting, or a fungicide should be prepared from water (1 l), ash (6 tablespoons) and blue vitriol(2 teaspoons). Any processing of the vegetative mass should be carried out during a period of low solar activity.

For any plant there is no more useful fertilizer than natural. And what could be more natural than a natural product? So, for example, in the ashes, nutrients are balanced, which are rarely combined in a human-made product. In addition, the use of ash improves the structure of the soil, its properties, increases the immunity of plants and protects them from the negative effects of pests and diseases. That is why ash is suitable for top dressing like no other mineral fertilizer is better.

​Related Articles​

Mila Nabogova "Ash for the garden: how to use it" especially for the Eco-life website.​

Average values ​​of the main elements in the ash after combustion:

Potassium

1. Ash does not contain chlorine at all, so it is suitable for plants that cannot tolerate it - strawberries, potatoes, currant bushes, gooseberries and raspberries. Adding ash to the soil in garden beds intended for planting cabbage will prevent keel and blackleg diseases.
   • Wood ash is excellent fertilizer for acidic and neutral soils. It enriches the earth with readily available forms of potassium and phosphorus, as well as calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium and sulfur. All trace elements contained in the ash are very useful for horticultural crops, shrubs, fruit and ornamental trees.​
   • A tablespoon holds 6 grams of composition without a slide;
   • What is root nutrition of plants
2. Tip! You can fertilize trees and rooted seedlings with an infusion prepared from 1.5 kg of ash and 12 liters of water. The resulting composition is simply poured evenly around the plant, no further than 0.5 m from the trunk.
   • Tip! The ash diluted in water, when watering, must be constantly shaken or stirred slightly in order to prevent it from settling to the bottom.
   • Acidic soils - when wood ash is applied as a fertilizer, a certain balance is created between the natural reaction of the earth (acid) and the alkaline component (ash), which has a beneficial effect on the growth and development of plants. The exception is crops that initially prefer acidic soil: potatoes, radishes, melons and some others, as a result of which these plants need to be fertilized with ashes very carefully, after weighing the possible benefits and possible harm.
   • Peat - 1%.
   • sunflower (stem, leaves and head) - 40%;
3. Ash is an absolutely affordable and highly effective phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, containing a lot of substances and microelements necessary for the development and growth of plants. You do not need to buy it, you do not need to use transport for transportation - such fertilizer can be made independently. The availability and benefits of ash are undeniable! Although it should be noted that the quality characteristics and mass fraction of certain trace elements may vary depending on the raw materials used to produce the ashes.​
4. Photo: Nikonov D.V.
5. Zucchini, cucumbers and squash respond well to ash fertilizer. It is quite enough to add a glass of ash for every square meter of land when digging it.

Phosphorus

1. The benefits of using ash for the garden and garden are extraordinary. It can be used to control pests and various diseases plants.​
   • A two-hundred-gram glass holds 100 grams;
   • We recommend you check out
2. The use of ash for plants comes down not only to fertilizing the soil, it is also an excellent remedy against many pests and diseases:
3. Before planting seedlings of tomatoes, peppers and eggplants, you need to add 5 dessert spoons of ash to each hole and mix it slightly with the ground or add it when digging at the rate of three 200-gram glasses per 1 m².
4. In practice, ash as a fertilizer is used in 3 ways:

Calcium

1. Shale - 1.5%.
2. Dried grass (nettle, quinoa, sow thistle, etc.) - 30%.
3. Important! When using ashes as a fertilizer, it should be remembered that when raw materials are burned, nitrogen escapes, so its shortage must be compensated for by any nitrogen-containing additives.​
4. The ash contains potassium, phosphorus, trace elements, it alkalizes the soil, preventing decay. I add ash when transplanting into the soil mixture, except for crops that need an acidic substrate (anthuriums, hydrangeas).

For plots of land intended for planting tomatoes, peppers and eggplants, it is necessary to apply 3 cups of ash for each square meter of soil.

Use of ash on different types of soil

• Garden without chemistry:
• A half-liter glass jar can store 250 grams of a substance;
• It is known that potassium chloride, contained in many store dressings, acidifies the soil, which is completely unsuitable for growing indoor flowers and can lead to their disease.

Ways to use ash as a fertilizer

​Processing from cruciferous flea- mix ash and tobacco dust in equal proportions and pollinate with the resulting plant composition.

1. Lawn grass - before sowing seeds, add top dressing to the selected area, 300 gr. per 1 m². It is not recommended to sprinkle already sprouted seeds.
2. Dry scattering in tree trunks, under bushes, between rows of garden crops and in holes before planting seedlings.
3. Wood - 45%.​

Buckwheat, sunflower husk - 35%.

Wood:

All the same, it will turn out to be more important if you add sand!

It is undesirable to introduce ash into alkaline soils, since ash increases alkalization, making it difficult for the plant root system to access nutrients.

For example, if the ash is mixed with tobacco dust and not big amount red hot pepper, and sprinkle the beds with zucchini, colored and white cabbage, pumpkin and other vegetables, then your plantings will be protected from the invasion of slugs.

• in liter jar can fit 500 grams.​
• Wood ash, on the contrary, does not allow the soil to oxidize and, due to its composition, is able to completely replace mineral fertilizers.
• Ash infusion is very effective when used in the fight against powdery mildew, as well as aphids. It is prepared very simply, for this they are mixed: 12 liters. cold water, 110 g of laundry soap and ash, 20 g of urea. All ingredients are thoroughly mixed and infused for 2 days.
• Fertilization with ashes of cucumbers, tomatoes and cabbage during the growth period can be carried out with a pre-prepared solution: 100 g / 10 l (ash / water), after mixing the ingredients, the infusion is ready after 24 hours. Pour 500 ml of infusion under each plant or make longitudinal grooves and spill them evenly.
• Spraying or watering plants with a concentrated solution and / or infusion prepared from plain water and ashes.
  • Herbaceous raw materials - 10–20%.
  • Peat - 10%.
• Coniferous - about 8%;

need

The use of ash for plants as protection against diseases and pests

Also, do not feed the following plants with wood ash: camellias, azaleas, cranberries, blueberries, rhododendrons.

• By powdering wet young leaves of radishes, radishes, cabbage seedlings with this powder, you will prevent cruciferous fleas from eating greens.
• Root feeding of plants with infusion of vegetable ash should not take place simultaneously with the addition of organic fertilizers containing ammonia and nitrogen to the soil where indoor plants grow. Among them are urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and manure. And nitrogen fertilizers can be started only four weeks after feeding the flowers.
• But when preparing the composition for dressing, you need to carefully monitor that the mixture does not contain extra elements in the form of rubber, film, packaging, nails, which may appear on the surface of the initial product, since they are unlikely to benefit your potted pets.
• There is an opinion that the regular addition of ash to the ground of the garden contributes to the extermination of the wireworm.

Wood ash as a fertilizer - video

glav-dacha.ru

Top dressing with ash: preparing an infusion for caring for indoor plants

Top dressing with ash: what is its use for green pets?

​Bookmark in compost heap(2 kg/m³). Subsequently, the compost is used traditionally.​

• Peat - 20–50%.
• Slates - no more than 2%.

Deciduous - 14%;

You can add, it will not hurt as a prevention from decay. Ash is successfully used in the manufacture of garden compost. Sprinkle her layers organic matter, and it will help maintain an optimal environment for microorganisms.​

Powder garden beds wood ash repels onion and carrot flies.

How to prepare liquid top dressing from ash?

Feeding flowers and indoor plants with wood ash can be carried out both in dry form and in the form of infusion. To do this, from 50 to 150 grams of the substance is diluted in a bucket of water. When introducing the infusion into the soil, it should be constantly stirred - this will allow the remainder of the ash, which does not dissolve, but contains a lot of phosphorus, to be evenly distributed over the entire surface. In addition, such an infusion is used for liming the soil of domestic plants, since it contains 18-36% calcium carbonate in its composition. As a preventive measure for various fungal diseases, plants are also pollinated with ash.

• It is useful for trees to fertilize at least 1 time in 3 years:
• How to use ash as fertilizer?
• Shales - about 70%.
• Wood:
• Grape vine - 40%.

What is important to remember when using ash?

And you need ash and sand

Try to use ash top dressing no later than a month before applying nitrogen fertilizers, such as rotted manure, ammonium nitrate, etc., as ash neutralizes the effects of these substances.

The seedling will not touch your apple trees if they are periodically dusted with ash and not washed off.

Such top dressing should be applied quite carefully, in small portions, in order to prevent oversaturation of the soil with useful elements. To dilute the correct and sufficiently saturated solution, you need to take only 100 g of dry matter per ten-liter bucket of water, mix thoroughly, insist and use ready mix throughout the season. After the solution has been applied to the soil, its action continues for another 2-4 years.​

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Ash for the garden: how to use |

When using an infusion of ash for plant nutrition in the form of fertilizer for indoor flowers, it is important to follow the correct dosage.

Tip! Spray the ashes only when it is completely calm outside, this will guarantee that the product will get exactly on the plants that were planned for. top scores gives pollination in the early hours, when the dew has not yet subsided.

The use of ash in the garden

​adults - 2 kg for each tree, apply to the area trunk circle in its pure form, you can make a special groove (deepening 10 cm) around the circumference and fertilize there. In dry weather, subsequent abundant watering is required;

How much ash is needed for a particular crop?

Important! In no case should ash after combustion be used as fertilizer: polymers, household waste, rubber, colorful glossy magazines, colored paper and synthetic materials. When using such a “fertilizer”, you can generally forget about the harvest - the earth will be poisoned for many years.

conifers - 6%;

Herbaceous raw material:

Ash is alkali (potash). When it is introduced into the soil, the acidity drops sharply, which is extremely undesirable for most indoor plants, and sometimes even fatal. Why do you want to use it?​

​IMPORTANT: do not use ash from garbage, plastic, coal, painted wood in garden work, as it may contain chemicals, carcinogens and heavy metals that are harmful to humans and soil.​

Infusion of ash (pour boiling water, leave for a day and strain) it is good to spray all green plants in the garden or in the greenhouse. This procedure is foliar top dressing crops with useful trace elements. This infusion can sometimes be watered seedlings.

Care must be taken when using and storing ash. When working with this fertilizer, it is necessary to protect the eyes, hands, mouth and nose from getting it inside the human body, as poisoning may occur. And you need to store the purchased bag in a dry, non-hot place, as if excess moisture can take away all its useful components from the substance.

Therefore, for ease of calculation, we present the values ​​of its weight for different types containers:​

The most useful is the ash obtained in the process of burning sunflower and buckwheat, as they contain a lot of potassium, phosphorus, zinc, iron, pestilence, manganese, sulfur, molybdenum and boron. All these trace elements are necessary for the proper development of plants, and indoor flowers grown in pots especially need them.

Wood ash has been used as a fertilizer since ancient times. It is one of the most valuable sources calcium, potassium, magnesium and sodium, as well as other substances necessary for the full growth and development of plants.

It is impossible to determine the exact chemical composition of this substance of natural origin, since it changes depending on the type and age of the plant that was burned. However, even Mendeleev brought general formula, which indicates the approximate percentage of elements in 100 grams of ash.

Ash Formula

This organic fertilizer is rich in various trace elements. Some of them catalyze growth and development, others help fight various diseases. The concentration may be higher or lower than stated. The formula below can be used to understand what substances are contained in this organic fertilizer in an approximate ratio.

Composition of wood ash:

• CaCO3 (calcium carbonate) - 17%
• CaSiO3 (calcium silicate) - 16.5%
• CaSO4 (calcium sulfate) - 14%
• CaCl2 (calcium chloride) - 12%
• K3PO4 (potassium orthophosphate) - 13%
• MgCO3 (magnesium carbonate) - 4%
• MgSiO3 (magnesium silicate) - 4%
• MgSO4 (magnesium sulfate) - 4%
• NaPO4 (sodium orthophosphate) -15%
• NaCl (sodium chloride) - 0.5%

From the above formula, it can be seen that wood ash as a fertilizer contains one of essential elements plant nutrition - calcium. It is necessary for the normal growth of green mass at the initial stage of development, and provides a balanced diet throughout the growing season. This is especially important for garden crops that form a large above-ground part, for example, tomatoes, pumpkins,.

Table: variations in the composition of ash, depending on the type:

Calcium carbonate

When ash is used as a fertilizer, active growth is observed, and more compact (in terms of terms) ripening of such representatives of the nightshade family as tomatoes. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) affects the activity of metabolic processes. It enhances the speed of movement of substances through the cells of the plant organism, and normalizes the course of biochemical processes. This property makes it possible to use ash as a fertilizer. This element is especially useful for flowers, as it affects the size and splendor of the buds.

Fertilizing cucumbers with ash, which contains a large amount of calcium carbonate compounds, helps them to fully develop. This plant is distinguished by the continuous growth of vegetative tissues, and Ca serves as a link in the transport of nutrients to cells.

calcium silicate

Calcium silicate (CaSiO3) is a substance that, when combined with pectin components, glues cells together, holding them together. Helps to actively absorb vitamins. For example, it reacts very sharply to a lack of CaSiO3. Drying and stratification of the bulb occurs. This situation can be corrected by watering the plant with an infusion of ash.

calcium sulfate

Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) is the calcium salt of sulfuric acid. Included in one of the most popular mineral fertilizers. When applied as part of the ash, it has a less strong, but more long-term effect on plants than in the composition of mineral dressings.

Calcium is especially important for seedling growth, during the formation of green mass, for example, for flowers and herbs, onions and parsley. With age, this element accumulates in the stems and leaves, and after its death returns to the soil.

Calcium chloride

Calcium chloride (CaCl2). Many sources claim that wood ash does not contain chlorine. But, in accordance with the formula, we see that calcium chloride is included in its composition. Is it dangerous for plants? It's safe to say no. The two ionic elements that are included in this compound, on the contrary, have great importance for a healthy diet of fruit and vegetable crops.

Almost all flora known to science uses chlorine to promote growth throughout the growing season. It is constantly contained in the green mass of fruit and vegetable crops in the amount of up to 1% of their total weight. In grapes and tomatoes, its content is slightly higher.

Calcium chloride activates the formation of enzymes, as well as photosynthesis, and helps to transfer nutrients. Rock salt helps to make full use of a small supply of these substances, if wood ash is used as a fertilizer.

Another useful property this chloride - it increases the winter hardiness of fruit trees and grape vines, which makes it possible to grow this heat-loving crop even in rather cold regions (Pskovskaya, Leningrad region). It helps to keep the soil uniform, avoiding heaving, which helps to protect the roots from cold air penetration.

CaCl2 helps to cope with the following plant diseases:

1. Rotting apples laid in storage.
2. Blackening of fruits in tomatoes.
3. cracking.
4. Blackening and rot, both during growth and during storage.
5. Premature fall of grapes.
6. Mold on re-harvest.
7. The appearance of a "black leg" in roses.

Due to its "drying" property, CaCl2 helps to defeat many crop diseases caused by horse and stem rot. It is very useful for roses. Thanks to this element, ash infusion can be used not only for garden plants, but also for indoor plants, to improve the earth and prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms.

The presence of CaCl2 in the soil makes it possible to convert ammonium nitrate into a salt of nitric acid, which is very useful for plant life. This is very important aspect when fertilizing cucumbers with ash, as they are sensitive to a lack of nitrogen.

Rock salt

Rock salt, which is part of the ash, is a catalyst for growth for plants such as cucumbers, pumpkins, zucchini, as it allows cells to retain water, accumulating and using it in case of drought.

Potassium orthophosphate

Potassium orthophosphate (K3PO4). This substance helps to regulate the water balance of the plant. With a lack of this substance, ammonia accumulates in the leaves and roots, which inhibits growth. Also, the potassium salt of orthophosphoric acid helps to increase winter hardiness. thermophilic plants eg grapes. Potassium also creates a favorable alkaline environment for garden flowers such as roses, lilies and chrysanthemums.

Magnesium

Ash refers to fertilizers, which include three magnesium compounds that collectively act on various metabolic processes in fruit and vegetable crops and also in cereals. This element, in some way, is a "partner" of potassium, they together participate in the production of energy by the plant organism.

Magnesium sulfate is involved in the formation of carbohydrates, which become building material for starch and cellulose. For the tap root system (for a rose, for example), the presence of magnesium in fertilizer is very important, since it consumes it in a larger volume than the ground part.

Sodium

The last item on the list, but not the last in importance. It activates a number of enzymes that do not react with other substances from the chemical composition of the ash. For example, tomatoes are natriophiles, plants that respond positively to sodium, especially when they are not sufficiently supplied with potassium. He improves their water balance.

When should ash be used?

Various chemical trace elements that should be included in the composition healthy plants, contained in this organic compound. Their deficiency negatively affects the development and growth, leads to the occurrence of diseases.

As we found out above, The main element that is contained in the ash in various compounds is calcium.

signs lack of calcium:

• Depigmentation of leaves in indoor plants (they become white).
• Deformation of the leaves (the tips are bent down, the edges are twisted up).
• Flower stalks fall on nightshades.
• Dark spots appear on the fruits of tomatoes.
• The upper parts of the shoots die off, the taste of the fruit deteriorates.
• On the tubers and stems of potatoes and onions, areas of dead tissue are formed.

The second most important substance that must be used for the normal life of plants is potassium. It is contained in ash in a much smaller volume than calcium, but in sufficient quantity to normalize metabolic processes in the plant body. If it is not enough, then this can be understood by certain changes in appearance.

signs lack of potassium:

• On fruit trees the leaves wither prematurely, but at the same time hold firmly on the branches.
• The roses stop smelling.
• On potatoes and nightshade, the edges of the sheet begin to dry, then it folds into a tube.

Another element from the composition is magnesium. It is a forming element that allows you to produce carbon. With its lack, the plant is oppressed, and its active development stops. With its deficiency, the same symptoms appear as with a lack of potassium. Sodium is a conditionally useful substance, therefore, its small amount in the composition of the fraction, when using wood ash as a fertilizer, can be ignored.

A few examples when the use of ash is contraindicated

An excess of fertilizers, even organic, can lead to no less negative consequences than their lack. The use of wood ash as a fertilizer should be avoided on soils with high alkalinity. An increased pH can be indicated by the following plant changes:

signs excess calcium:

1. Excessive growth of leaf rosettes in grapes and apple trees.
2. Dying off of shoots along the entire length of the lash of tomatoes.
3. Leaf fall in garden flowers.
4. Interveinal chlorosis with whitish spots in rose bushes.
5. Depigmentation of the leaves (they become white).

signs excess potassium:

1. Browning of the pulp of apples and pears.
2. Bitter pitting of fruits.
3. Premature fall of leaves of garden and indoor plants.

Video: film for gardeners about wood ash

Ash in the garden - what, when and how to feed it?

Let us dwell on the plants that are most shown to use ash as a top dressing.

cucumbers

This melon crop, successfully zoned in the middle lane, consumes many different nutrients throughout its growth and development. Calcium and potassium, which help to use the ash as a fertilizer, are responsible for the formation of lashes and ovaries. It is these substances that help retain water in the cells. Fertilizing cucumbers with ashes is necessary, as this is a plant that constantly needs a normal water balance.

How to fertilize cucumbers?

The first way to make fertilizer from ashes is to sprinkle the bed with a thin layer of this substance before watering. All useful substances are subsequently absorbed along with water. The second method is more laborious, but allows you to create a composition in which there will be more useful substances. This is an infusion of ash, which is done like this: 3 tablespoons of the powder is poured into a liter of water and insisted for a week. After that, they are brought under the plant, followed by abundant watering. The consumption rate of the solution when fertilizing cucumbers with ash is 0.5 liters per bush.

Onion

This crop is prone to root rot. Ash refers specifically to those fertilizers that prevent the growth of putrefactive bacteria in the soil. Onions can be fertilized in the same way as cucumbers, pollinating the ground before watering, or using an infusion of ash (prepared in the same proportion as for feeding cucumbers).

Top dressing should be applied no more than three times per season. You can also apply this fertilizer before spring digging the beds. This will protect the onion from diseases during the initial growth stage, and help it stock up on the necessary further development trace elements.

There is another way to apply this top dressing. It is very convenient to use it on onion beds. These are grooves that are made with a hoe along the rows with onions. An infusion of ash is poured into them, and immediately covered with soil.

tomatoes

If wood ash as a fertilizer is used to feed the bushes, then a week after application, one can observe the activation of their growth. These plants love calcium and potassium. They are necessary for the formation of moisture reserves in the fleshy stems, and the formation of full-fledged juicy fruits.

How to fertilize tomatoes with ash?

Preplant method

This organic fertilizer is applied to the soil in the spring, a couple of weeks before planting tomatoes. The consumption rate is 1 cup per well. It is advisable to fertilize when the earth warms up to at least 15 degrees Celsius.

We feed tomatoes in the process of growth

Ash refers to fertilizers that can be applied throughout growing season. Therefore, tomatoes can be fed superficially. To do this, the earth is sprinkled in the hole, before watering, followed by loosening.

From the ashes, the taste of tomatoes improves, they become juicy and sweet. Potassium, which is part of it, enters into a series chemical reactions, due to which fruit sugar, fructose is formed.

Grape

Foliar top dressing of grapes

Held several times a season, in the evening. The liquid is directly sprayed onto the leaves using a herbal broom, or through a specialized atomizer with larger nozzles. If there is no such equipment, then you can do it yourself.

How to make a device for spraying infusion of ash?

To do this, we take a standard atomizer and a medium-sized knitting needle. We heat the knitting needle on an open flame ( gas stove fit), and pierce new holes with a larger radius. Do not forget to shake the container before spraying, then the suspension will be evenly distributed over the grape leaves.

In autumn, a large number of old vines accumulate in the vineyard. They are perfect for burning. This ash is used to prepare a specific top dressing, which takes into account the seasonal need of grapes for various nutrients.

It takes about three days for the complete dissolution of all useful substances in water, this is the approximate time for the dissolution of magnesium. About 1 kg of ash is poured into 3 buckets of water, and this suspension is mixed several times a day. The resulting composition can be stored in a cool place for a month.

For use, it is diluted with water in the proportion of 1 part of the working solution to five parts of water. For better adhesion to grape leaves, you can add shavings of laundry soap to the resulting suspension.

Roses

In the first year of her stay in a new place, the queen of the garden does not need top dressing. But the soil before planting can be prepared in advance by adding wood ash as a fertilizer during autumn digging, to normalize the acidity of the soil.

Starting from the second year, a successfully overwintered rose begins to be fed. This is mainly done by applying ready-made organic fertilizers. But you can also make fertilizer from ashes.

For roses, both root and foliar top dressing is used. For the first, the concentration of a substance in an aqueous solution is lower - 100 g. powder per 10 liters of water. For foliar feeding, when the liquid is sprayed over the leaves of the plant, concentrations of 200 g are used. for 10 liters of water.

feed the roses better evening, during the day you can burn the leaves and flowers under the rays of the scorching sun. For spraying, a herbal broom is used.

Infusion of ash, during application it is necessary to stir constantly. The fact is that phosphorus, which is part of this organic fertilizer, tends to quickly settle at the bottom of the tank. If this happens, the plants will not receive it, and this is the most important microelement.

Houseplants

Wood ash as a fertilizer is used for both garden and indoor plants. For example, it helps fight root rot in tuber begonias.

Cyclamens, geraniums and fuchsias respond well to the substances that make up its composition. It must be added when transplanting these plants, based on their proportion of 2 tbsp. spoons per 1 liter of finished soil.

You can also prepare fertilizer from ash for indoor plants using sleeping tea. It stimulates growth in winter period time, helps to preserve the color of the leaves, and support flowering. Following this recipe, you need to mix 1 part of the ash with 1 part of the pressed tea leaves.

The use of ash as a fertilizer is useful for most horticultural and horticultural crops. The set of trace elements included in its composition ensures the growth and nutrition of the plant.

But this substance can be used not only as a top dressing. It helps to fight a large number of pests. When dusting or spraying crops with ash, one can observe the rapid death of such garden antagonists as the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle (2 days), slugs, cruciferous fleas.

Another weighty argument for using ash is its availability. Every autumn for garden plot there is something to burn from plant residues (tree branches, hay, straw, tops). Some amateur gardeners adapt old barrels for the oven, then production takes place without loss of the ash fraction.

This fertilizer is of organic origin, which is very important for many gardeners. Using it, you can not be afraid for your health, and the health of your loved ones. Perhaps this is one of the most important arguments when choosing wood ash as a fertilizer.

Video: using ash as a fertilizer