How and with what to feed the seedlings of peppers and tomatoes? When is it better to do this, varieties of purchased fertilizers and folk recipes. Fertilizers for seedlings of vegetables - types and recommendations for applying The best fertilizer for seedlings
The first mention of tomatoes in Russia refers to early XVIII century, when an exotic guest was brought to the country from Europe. For a long time the curiosity was grown as an ornamental annual, the fruits of which appeared towards the end of the season, without having had time to fully ripen in a harsh climate. Then the agronomist A. T. Bolotov came up with a brilliant idea - to grow a culture by seedlings. He managed to get an excellent harvest and ripen the unripe fruits at home. Since then, gardeners have been using this method to cultivate tomatoes. In order for strong seedlings to grow at home, top dressing is a must. What is the importance of fertilizers for a plant, how and when to apply them, how to feed seedlings, is described in this article.
For successful cultivation of tomatoes, they must be used. Tiny seedlings can be compared to a child - as they grow, they need to expand the "menu" and constantly maintain a balance of nutrients, otherwise diseases cannot be avoided.
Growing seedlings at home takes 45-60 days, depending on the variety and climatic conditions of the region. Small pots are difficult to compare with the optimal container for a developed root system. As the roots grow, they capture everything large area nutrition, sucking out trace elements from the soil. In a closed space seedling containers the substrate is rapidly depleted. Because of this, the bushes begin to "starve", which is especially noticeable in winter or early spring.
Solar radiation is still insufficient, and a small area of deciduous cover cannot fully meet the needs of a growing organism. Therefore, gardeners make recharge from the outside in order to protect the shoots from nutritional deficiencies.
Signs of starvation - how to feed seedlings with a deficiency of a certain trace element
Not experienced gardeners often do not pay due attention to top dressing, because of this their seedlings do not gain green mass well, get sick, and then give a meager harvest. The soil in a pot can be saturated with the main building elements - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but the tomato bush looks stunted. The reason lies in the wrong balance of nutrients.
Remember! The plant organism needs a varied and balanced diet.
Consider the signs of micronutrient deficiency and how to eliminate them:
- Nitrogen. Basic construction material plant cells. Responsible for the process of photosynthesis, the growth of green mass. Lack of nitrogen is manifested by growth retardation, blanching leaf blades, pulling seedlings. Complex fertilizers, urea, organics, garden infusion, nitroammophoska, ammonia will help to eliminate the lack of an element.
- Phosphorus. Regulates the processes of flowering and fruiting. Without this important trace element, it will not be possible to get a full-fledged crop of vegetables. Deficiency is manifested by twisting the edge of the sheet, the appearance purple hue along the veins, shedding ovaries. A great way to eliminate the lack of phosphorus is to add wood ash or superphosphate.
- Potassium. It helps to strengthen the immunity of the plant, has a beneficial effect on the development of the root system, the laying of buds. Potassium burn is the main symptom of a microelement deficiency, while at the top of the bush the leaves become curly. A lot of potassium contains wood ash, banana peel, potassium sulfate.
- Calcium. Participates in carbohydrate metabolism, promotes the absorption of nitrogen, increases resistance to external factors, stimulates growth. Calcium deficiency is reflected in young foliage, leads to deformation of the plates and the appearance of pale yellow specks. Wood ash will help replenish the macroelement, eggshell, dairy products, bird droppings
- Iron . Responsible for cellular respiration, protein metabolism, synthesis of chlorophyll. Lack is manifested by chlorosis - the leaf plate turns pale, but the veins remain green. Special preparations (chelates), a complete mineral complex will help eliminate iron deficiency.
- Bor. Responsible for the development of vegetative and generative organs, cell division, and carbohydrate transport. If there is not enough boron, growth points die off in the bushes, development is inhibited, ovaries fall off, or deformed fruits form. The main source of the trace element is boric acid.
- Magnesium. Is integral part chlorophyll, participates in metabolic processes, promotes the accumulation of carbohydrates in fruits. The disadvantage is expressed by the blanching of the top of the tomato bush, the appearance of yellowish-brown necrotic areas on the leaves, and the fragility of the stems. Replenished with slurry wood ash, magnesia, ash.
- Copper and manganese. They participate in the process of photosynthesis, increase resistance to diseases, improve crop quality, and help nitrogen absorption. With a lack of microelements, the bushes lag behind in growth, they get sick more often. Acute deficiency is manifested by a bluish-green tint of deciduous mass. Help to overcome the problem blue vitriol, potassium permanganate, banana peel and ash.
These are just the main components of a healthy "menu" for tomatoes, which have a significant impact on the development of the plant organism.
Attention! For the absorption of iron, it is necessary to reduce the acidity of the soil. Use wood ash.
Top dressing of tomatoes: types, rules for fertilizing
Plant nutrition can be classified according to the composition and method of application. According to the composition, complex and single-component fertilizers, as well as organic and mineral fertilizers are distinguished.
The range of complex dressings is quite wide. They are easy to purchase at any garden center. Such top dressing is liquid or dry. Liquid fertilizers are easy to use - you just need to dilute them with water to a certain concentration. The required amount of nutrient fluid is indicated on the package. Dry feeding must first be dissolved in water or applied unchanged. Tomato prefers solutions because granular preparations last longer. They fill the soil on the site in the fall.
Complex fertilizers contain the main elements and necessary set trace elements. They are universal or specialized. Nitroammophoska, superphosphate, urea, as well as ready-made liquid supplements, for example, Kemira-Lux, Ideal, Krepysh, are suitable for exotic.
On a note! Single-component fertilizers are aimed at replenishing a certain substance. A striking example- iron chelate, potassium humate, boric acid.
What do tropical guest seedlings need more - organic matter or minerals? You will find the answer to this question above: nutrition should be balanced, so it is better to alternate Various types feeding. Organics not only contains all the main components of the "menu", but also has a beneficial effect on the structure of the soil. This type of recharge includes compost, humus, manure, chicken infusion, garden infusion, green manure, humates. Mineral fertilizers have no less useful composition, but beneficial influence are not applied to the soil. Their purpose is to deliver nutrition through a network of suction roots.
According to the type of application, root and foliar top dressing. The former are applied directly to the soil with irrigation, from where the root system absorbs nutrition and delivers it to all parts of the body. When foliar application (spraying) absorption of food occurs through the cell membranes of the leaves.
What to choose? It is also important to strike a balance here, so experienced gardeners recommend that beginners alternate application methods. At the initial stage of the growing season, it is preferable to feed the seedlings by spraying, and closer to planting in a permanent place, it is better to switch to the root method.
To properly feed seedlings, rely on the following recommendations:
- Prepare solutions using settled water, chlorine is harmful to exotics.
- With the root method, top dressing is applied with watering, but the soil in the pot should be moistened beforehand. clean water. Such a precaution will protect tender seedlings from burning the root system.
- For foliar application, use a fine sprayer. The smaller the droplets of the nutrient solution, the faster the bush will absorb them through the leaf surface.
- Remember that it is better not to feed the seedlings than to deal with excess fertilizer in the soil. Experienced summer residents deliberately reduce the dosage of recharge by a third of the norm specified by the manufacturer.
- Spraying is carried out in the absence of wind and sun. Otherwise, droplets lingering on the leaves will cause burns. For the same reason, it is necessary to prevent the solution from getting on the foliage during root application.
Feeding schedule for tomato seedlings
Additional nutrition is required to be made according to the schedule. Consider the needs of culture on various stages vegetation.
When is the first feeding of seedlings
A growing plant organism begins to absorb nutrients from the soil after the development of the first root. At this point, it is important to spur growth processes, but not immediately.
Remember! Watering barely hatched seeds with a nutrient solution will cause the stem to stretch.
Therefore, the first time you need to feed at the stage of formation of the second true leaf. It is preferable to use nitrogen compositions at this stage. Further, make-up is made every 10-14 days.
Feeding after picking
The picking of seedlings is carried out after 2 weeks from the moment of emergence of seedlings. Usually by this time the seedling has a second pair of leaves. After picking, the bush will take time to adapt. It will stop growth, but will actively build up the root system. Because of rapid development side roots soil resources are depleted for short term. After 10 days, young shoots will need a new portion of food. Benefits at this stage will bring mineral complexes or organics. They should be combined with fungicides, potassium permanganate solution.
Carefully monitor the condition of the sprout, select food based on the needs of the green ward. Further meals should be supplied every 12-15 days. Two weeks before landing in a permanent place, add a potassium-phosphorus complex to the "menu". It will have a beneficial effect on immunity, prepare for adaptation to new conditions, and stimulate budding.
When to feed seedlings after planting
Any transplant for a tomato bush is a lot of stress. When he adapts to new conditions, it is necessary to resume recharge. It will take 7-10 days to adapt, after which you can pamper the exotic with a portion of organic matter. Further, every 10 days, feed the plantation, based on the requirements of the tropical guest.
Know! It is also important to take care of disease prevention. Suggested below folk recipes will help not only to fill the lack of nutrition, but also take care of the health of the shoots.
Preparations for feeding tomatoes, dosage
Ready fertilizers - great way make up for nutrient deficiencies in the soil. Manufacturers indicate the dosage of the drug on the package, so summer residents only need to properly prepare the solution and choose how to use it.
How to feed seedlings with urea
Urea is a crystalline powder white color, which is dominated by easily digestible nitrogen. Urea is used for root and non-root feeding. To feed the seedlings, prepare a solution of 10 liters of water and 60 g of the drug. This amount of solution should be enough for 20 adult bushes, because the substance is introduced a month after landing on the garden. But it is best to use urea outside the root method. To do this, the dosage of the substance is increased to 100 g. It is better to feed it with urea at the budding stage, as well as for emergency resuscitation in case of acute nitrogen deficiency.
Nitroammofoskoy
Nitroammophoska in its composition has everything necessary for the harmonious development of a tropical guest - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The drug is applied by the root and foliar method, it goes well with potassium sulfate, humates, mullein infusion. For nutritional preparation Matchbox substances are dissolved in a bucket of water. 500 ml is enough for a tomato bush ready solution. Nitroammophoska is used at the stage of the appearance of ovaries.
Superphosphate
Superphosphate is optimal for the harmonious growth of tomato seedlings. In addition to nitrogen, it contains calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and sulfur. Suitable for spraying and watering, optimal after transplantation. To make a drink, mix:
- 60 g of superphosphate;
- 30 g of ammonium nitrate;
- 40 g potassium sulfate.
First of all, put superphosphate in a bucket of water, because it is difficult to dissolve. Leave the container for a day, stirring occasionally. Before irrigation, add the remaining components. A bush needs half a liter of solution.
Know! The preparations listed above can also be applied dry, but for a tomato it is better to use a solution of these substances.
Humates
Humic dressings improve soil structure, neutralize the harmful effects of chemicals, and reduce their amount in fruits. Potassium humate is used for out-of-root and root application, seed soaking. It is a powerful growth stimulant, well compatible with nitrogen supplements and organics. Together with phosphorus complexes, it forms insoluble compounds. The substance is added to water at the rate of 0.1%.
Pharmaceutical preparations for fertilizing and protecting seedlings at home
Often, a person's helpers benefit his green wards. Gardeners use pharmaceutical preparations to nourish and protect seedlings. They are used in the detection of diseases or for prevention. For example, a rainy summer can cause an outbreak of fungal infections, and preventive spraying will serve as an excellent protection.
Fertilizer with iodine
The disinfecting properties of iodine will benefit tomatoes, peppers and other crops. The pharmaceutical preparation will protect against fungi, late blight, stimulate growth, and accelerate the ripening of vegetables. It is preferable to irrigate the plantation under the root, using 2 liters of the finished solution. To make it, add 4-5 drops of alcohol tincture of iodine to a bucket of water.
ammonia
Ammonia solution is able to quickly eliminate nitrogen starvation, as well as drive annoying pests from the site. Ammonium chloride is effective in irrigation, but there are two important rules: apply only according to indications; use the liquid immediately after preparation, until the substance has evaporated. For 10 liters of water, 50 ml of ammonia is taken, the dosing regimen is the same as for ordinary irrigation. Do not dilute ammonia at home, vapors can be poisonous.
Boric acid
Boric acid is an excellent fungicide. Even phytophthora cannot resist her! It will enrich the soil with boron, improve the taste and aroma of fruits, and make them more sugary. The drug will improve the quality of pollen, stimulates its production. Used for irrigation and spraying. The solution is prepared on the basis of 10 g of the substance and a bucket of water.
Attention! Since boric acid is poorly soluble, it must first be diluted in a small volume. hot water.Befungin
Befungin is pharmaceutical preparation vegetable origin. It includes an extract from the arboreal fungus chaga, which is rich in microelements, phytohormones, humic and organic acids. For humans, the product serves as an adaptogen, and for plants as a growth stimulator and a protector from stress. No harm and no overdose! Just dilute Befungin in the required amount clean water to a dark color and water the green pets.
Potassium permanganate
A slightly colored solution of potassium permanganate will help to avoid a lack of manganese and dangerous fungal diseases. They can safely fertilize seedlings at all stages of development, using irrigation or spraying. The amount of liquid as for conventional irrigation. It is important to ensure that all crystals dissolve, as they can cause a chemical burn.
Advice! Do not neglect the pre-sowing seed treatment. Potassium permanganate is also suitable for these purposes.
Feeding tomato seedlings with folk remedies
Gardeners have long been used to feed exotic folk remedies. This approach is quite reasonable, because we are what we eat. And juicy elastic vegetables may well ripen without unnecessary chemicals. But you can’t get carried away with folk remedies, since it is difficult to determine the correct dosage.
How to feed seedlings with yeast
Baker's yeast can serve as an excellent growth stimulant. However, they do not contain nutrients.
The effectiveness of the yeast is due to the restructuring of the soil structure, which the fungi will take care of. There are two ways to make yeast-based feed:
- The first option is based on dry yeast. A bag of powder is dissolved in a liter jar of warm water. To activate the activity of fungi, add 50 g of sugar. The mixture should stand for a while until foam appears. Then it should be diluted in a bucket of water. Each grown seedling will need a glass of liquid for one watering, an adult - 500 ml.
- Fill 2/3 of a 3 liter jar with black bread. Pour up to the shoulders with warm water, in which 100 g of live yeast are dissolved. Cover the container with gauze, keep 3-5 days in a warm place. After straining, dilute the composition in a ratio of 1:10. For an adult tomato bush you will need 2 liters of liquid, for a young one 500 ml.
Attention! Yeast feed has by-effect- fungi actively decompose potassium. So that the plant does not become a victim of microelement deficiency, a potassium composition is introduced after a week.
Milk, dairy products
Dairy products are rich in calcium and other trace elements. Grown up tomatoes will taste milk with pleasure, but for this you need to dilute it in a ratio of 1 to 10 and add a few drops of iodine. Dairy products take at the rate of 1 liter per 4 liters of water. The best thing to do is to use a serum. Rich chemical composition The product includes lactobacilli, which have a beneficial effect on soil microflora. Serum with five drops of iodine will relieve powdery mildew, phytophthora. Will serve as a disease prevention. The product is effective when spraying.
bread
Top dressing based on black bread or breadcrumbs is recommended for quick adaptation to new conditions. She is watered with tomatoes after picking, transplanting. 2 weeks before the proposed relocation of seedlings, fill any container warm water. Put crackers or a loaf of black bread, stir until it "turns sour". Cover the container with a cloth, leave for 10-14 days. Strain before watering, dilute by half.
honey
Only the deaf have not heard about the benefits of honey. How can a bee product help plants? Honey stimulates growth, strengthens the immune system, attracts pollinators. Dissolve a tablespoon of treats in five liters of water. Spray seedlings for growth, and adult bushes during flowering, soak the seeds.
Remember! Although tomatoes are capable of self-pollination, the activity of insects increases the yield.
Tropical fruit is considered the champion in potassium content. The pulp of the fetus is useful to a person, and plants water extract from the peel. She prepares like this:
- remove the skin from 2-3 bananas;
- chop the fruit shell with a knife;
- place the cut in a three-liter jar;
- pour warm water and leave for 3 days;
- strain the liquid.
You may not like the “aroma” exuded by a banana extract, but green pets will appreciate the food. Just water them as usual, after two or three days you will notice an improvement in the health of the seedlings.
ash
Ash is most often used by gardeners as a top dressing and protective agent. The combustion product contains a complete mineral complex, except for nitrogen. Feeding from ash is relevant at any stage of crop development. It is applied in dry form, solution for irrigation and spraying. Add a small amount of ash when making the substrate, add to the planting hole. Powder the soil if you find initial stage black leg, attacks of soil pests.
For irrigation, prepare a mixture of a glass of ash and 10 liters of water. To spray the foliage mass, boil 300 g of the substance with three liters of water, soak for 8-12 hours. After straining, bring the volume to 10 liters. Use ash infusion no more than once a week.
Advice! To prevent the infusion from dripping from the foliage, add a little liquid soap during preparation.eggshell
Another popular means for nourishing is the extract of eggshells. Grind the shell from 3-4 chicken testicles, soak in a three-liter jar with warm water for 2-3 days. It is better to remove the container in the shade and do not keep it at home. The readiness of the hood is indicated by a sharp bad smell hydrogen sulfide. Water the seedlings with strained infusion. It is better to use the tool after landing in a permanent place or when the seedlings move to the balcony during hardening.
organic fertilizers for growth
The best effect on the growth of tomato bushes is organic fertilizers. Let's see how to prepare and use them.
Mullein infusion
Mullein is often used to enrich the soil, improve the structure. The culture prefers a weak extract of mullein, made on the basis of half a bucket of organic matter. It is filled to the brim with water and put in the shade for a week, stirring occasionally. When the manure ferments, mix the liquid well, dilute 10 times. A grown bush needs 500 ml of infusion. Irrigate 1-2 times during budding.
On a note! Seedlings are fertilized after they get stronger - there is a high risk of burning tender roots.
Chicken manure infusion
An infusion of chicken is prepared and applied in the same way as the recipe described above, but the component will need only 500 g. In order not to burn the roots, a dilution of 1:20 is recommended. The infusion is suitable for stimulating growth after transplantation.
Nettle infusion
Nettle grows very quickly, so by the time the tomatoes are transplanted to a permanent place, you can already make an excellent top dressing from burning greens. The green mass is rich in nitrogen, iron, contains a lot of potassium. Fill any container with chopped herbs, add warm water, leaving some room for fermentation. The process will take 7-10 days. Keep the liquid under a closed lid, stirring occasionally. The infusion is diluted 1:10, irrigated at the rate of 2 liters per bush. You should not abuse such nourishment, otherwise you will get a bouquet of juicy greenery instead of fruits. Enough watering every 2-3 weeks.
Conclusion
To grow strong tomato seedlings, be sure to use top dressing. Without this, your seedlings will lag behind in growth and cannot bring a good harvest. What type of feed to choose and how often to make it, the plant itself will tell you, so carefully follow its signals. The main thing in this matter is to adhere to the recommended dosage and fertilizer application schedule, then by the end of the season a rich harvest of vegetables will certainly ripen.
Dear friends, let's talk today about how to feed tomato seedlings so that they are strong, plump, green and healthy. To grow and develop for your joy.
We should especially pay attention to fertilizers containing nitrogen (N) in the composition, it is he who is responsible for the active growth and mass building of the plant. If nitrogen is in abundance, seedlings grow dense, strong and developed.
In addition to nitrogen, many other elements are also needed, everything should be enough. Therefore, it is best to use complex fertilizers that will help eliminate the deficiency of any useful substance.
Well-fed seedlings will surely thank you with strength and health.
When to start feeding tomato seedlings
This question worries many gardeners. Often they can't wait to start fattening their seedlings.
And, as soon as a thin stalk with two cotyledon leaves appears from the ground, driven by good intentions, they immediately begin to nourish and fertilize it. Why, in many sources they advise: "as soon as so immediately."
We insist that this advice is not correct. Tiny sprouts do not yet need a stream of fertilizers, moreover, they can even be damaged by untimely feeding. Their roots are very delicate and may not withstand the active substances with which you pour them.
First dressing tomato
Seedlings, not only tomatoes, but also other crops, can be fertilized only after picking in nutrient soil and with the appearance of 3-4 true leaves. We do it in moderation, because if you have good soil, then for some time seedlings are not required to be fed.
If the soil is poor in nutrients, then of course you will immediately see this, the seedlings will begin to starve, turn yellow and signal that top dressing is needed.
Let's go over the main elements in top dressing and find out why they are needed:
- Nitrogen is the main element for the plant to build new cells and grow.
- phosphorus - helps to absorb useful material right, improves photosynthesis
- potassium - promotes metabolism and good accumulation of water in cells
- manganese - contributes to the active respiration of plants, the accumulation of nutrients in cells
- iron is the basis for the synthesis of chlorophyll and good photosynthesis
- boron - helps the plant grow root mass, set fruits
- copper - regulates the water exchange of the plant
- zinc - is involved in the absorption of nutrients and strengthening the immunity of seedlings
- molybdenum - contributes to the improvement of growth rates and protein synthesis
So, we can make top dressing with industrial fertilizers, which are enough in stores. big choice. We will focus on those that have already proven themselves well. And also a little lower we will discuss folk organic top dressing.
Top dressing for tomato seedlings Athlete
The athlete is the most popular and recognized tool among a huge number of gardeners.
His vocation is to make strong seedlings out of stunted, thin-stemmed seedlings.
The drug works to reduce the growth of the aerial part of the plant.
Thanks to a special combination of useful elements, the drug slows down the growth of the aerial part of the plant, causing increased growth of the root system.
This improves the nutrition of the plant, it stops stretching, grows undersized, but strong.
The stems of the seedlings thicken, the leaves become broader, good nutrition helps the leaves stay emerald green and not turn yellow.
Top dressing for seedlings Krepysh
This is a complex mineral-organic fertilizer. Contains in its composition: nitrogen + potassium + phosphorus - basic and magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, sulfur and others.
Krepysh is both in dry form and in the form of a solution. The latter is very convenient for application to already grown seedlings, it will provide it with everything necessary.
This fertilizer helps seedlings to vigorously grow green mass, thickens the stems of the plant.
Top dressing for seedlings Emerald
Particular attention should be paid to feeding the Emerald, if your seedlings have become clearly yellow from lack of nutrition. It is specially designed to eliminate yellowness and enhance the nutrition of seedlings.
This is a mineral-organic fertilizer. The main active elements are nitrogen and magnesium. Its concentrated composition must be diluted with water according to the instructions. Can be entered as root dressing and by spraying.
Similar in action to it, there is also Ideal fertilizer.
Top dressing for seedlings Humat +7
This preparation contains 60-65% humates and 7 trace elements necessary for plants (Fe-0.4%, Cu-0.2%, Zn-0.2%, Mn-0.17%, Mo-0.018%, Co-0.02%, B-0.2%, N-1.5%) in the form of complex compounds with humic acids. Well soluble. It improves soil composition, nourishes seedlings, promotes its good growth and immunity.
Humate + 7 has many positive feedback. Due to its complex composition, it is used only 3-4 times during the entire season.
Top dressing for seedlings Zdraven Turbo
Top dressing also promotes active plant growth, strengthening of seedling stems, foliage growth and sprout health.
Top dressing Fertica Lux
Crystalline complex fertilizer, which has won the recognition of many gardeners. Fertilizer composition: NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) 16-20-27 + trace elements (Fe -0.1%, B - 0.02%, Cu - 0.01%, Mn - 0.1%, Mo - 0.002 %, Zn - 0.01%).
This fertilizer must be diluted in water strictly according to the instructions, it is quite strong. You should get a very pale, transparent pinkish solution, in no case do you need to overdo it because you can burn the tender roots of the seedlings, it is so intense. The water for the solution should be warm.
Also on sale is Fertik in liquid form, in bottles, which is also very convenient to use.
This is about industrial fertilizers. If you are against feeding seedlings with "chemistry", then the second part of the article is for you. Below we will consider the best folk options.
How to feed tomato seedlings with folk remedies
Feeding seedlings with chicken manure
Great organic fertilizer. It is good that now it is no longer in short supply and is freely sold in garden centers, markets, and it can also be purchased from poultry breeders.
Chicken manure is a waste product of poultry. It contains in its composition necessary for plants nitrogen, as well as iron, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and other useful elements.
Most importantly, the fertilizer is completely natural organic matter.
But it must be used correctly so as not to harm. Fresh or concentrated chicken manure should not be fertilized, it is caustic enough to burn the roots of plants. Be sure to read the instructions for use to the end.
Usually, chicken manure is soaked in the right amount of water according to the instructions and insisted for at least a day. But, it is better to insist it for about three to five days, wait for it to ferment and only then use it. Although it is not so easy to do this in an apartment, because from the wandering litter you can imagine what amber.
And if we are talking about young, tender seedlings, you can’t even water it with such a solution. We dilute it 1: 1 with water, and we already water our seedlings with this solution.
Only then will she receive maximum benefit both nutrition and the root system with such top dressing will be safe.
Also, chicken manure is granular. It is believed that this treatment improves usability and its quality, eliminating excessive causticity.
Fertilizing seedlings with biohumus
Another organic fertilizer created on the basis of the vital activity of earthworms. Very nutritious, easily digestible by plants, containing beneficial microflora.
Suitable for fertilizing vegetable (and not only) crops throughout the season. Both for seedlings and for flowering and fruiting plants. It stimulates plant growth, immunity, development of the root system, nourishes them.
Biohumus contains nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium and other elements, this is a complete complex top dressing.
Biohumus is dry loose and liquid. Dry is more suitable for laying in holes in the garden or for adding indoor flowers or seedlings to the ground.
Liquid biohumus is just more suitable for top dressing during the growing season.
We dilute it in warm water according to the instructions and water our seedlings. This fertilizer is very soft, you can use it without fear of harming the seedlings.
Of the biohumus fertilizers, the natural fertility elixir is especially popular, containing all the components necessary for plants in an easily digestible form, and at the same time being a completely natural organic top dressing.
Feeding seedlings with onion peel
Do not throw away onion peel, this is an underestimated useful fertilizer by many. The infusion is so soft onion peel that it can be used with every watering.
Onion peel in its composition contains all the necessary nutrients in small doses.
An infusion of onion peel is being prepared to fertilize seedlings in this way: we take two handfuls of onion peel on a liter jar, pour it hot water(but not boiling water), we insist for a day.
The solution should be the color of tea leaves. We water the seedlings with this undiluted fertilizer.
Feeding tomato seedlings with ashes
The ash or ordinary ash that remains after burning a tree is considered one of the best organic potassium-phosphorus fertilizers, it also contains calcium and magnesium, these are its main elements. But note that ash does not contain nitrogen.
Tomatoes are very fond of ash for potassium and phosphorus in its composition.
How to breed ash for feeding tomato seedlings: pour half a glass of ash with two liters warm water, let it brew for a day. We do not water abundantly under the root with this solution.
Feeding tomato seedlings with iodine
Despite the fact that tomatoes do not require a lot of iodine for development, they always respond favorably to such top dressing. Iodine significantly strengthens the immunity of plants, and also disinfects the soil. Seedlings are less susceptible to diseases.
We feed the already grown seedlings. We prepare an iodine solution for feeding tomato seedlings: 1 drop of iodine per 3 liters of water, stir, pour.
We carry out this procedure once. It is best to do this before planting in the ground in a permanent place.
Feeding seedlings with hydrogen peroxide video
It is impossible to call this dressing complete, because it does not contain microelements.
But due to its composition, the hydrogen peroxide solution helps plants to better absorb nutrients from the soil, and most importantly, it disinfects the soil and enhances the immunity of seedlings. The growth of well-nourished seedlings is enhanced.
Watering plants with a solution of peroxide is an excellent prevention of late blight and other diseases.
A peroxide solution is prepared as follows: 2 tablespoons per 1 liter of water. Can be used with every watering.
Thank you for reading to the end. We hope that this modest work was useful for you and now you know how to feed your seedlings.
If you have something to say about these dressings - write in the comments and be sure to share our article in in social networks we will be very pleased.
When feeding seedlings, it is important not to lose a sense of proportion: underfeeding plants is just as dangerous as "falling in love to death" with large doses of fertilizers. How to choose the right composition and feeding system?
Feeding seedlings before picking is not recommended. The nutrients contained in the soil are enough for seedlings during this period, and their excess can lead to too rapid growth and the seedlings will stretch too much.
The first feeding of seedlings should be carried out 2 weeks after picking or when 2-4 true leaves appear, if you grow seedlings without picking. Then, before planting in the ground, seedlings need to be fed every 7-10 days.
Important! Watering seedlings and top dressing is carried out in the morning, so that by the evening, when the temperature drops, the leaves and the surface of the soil have dried up. Cold and excessive moisture can lead to mold in the soil.
If the soil is too dry, before feeding the seedlings, you need to water a little and let the moisture soak well. If
the soil is moist, we simply replace the irrigation water with a solution of fertilizers.
So that plants absorb nutrients well, loosen upper layer soil in pots for access of oxygen to the roots, but shallow so as not to damage the roots. It is better to do this about an hour after watering.
What fertilizer to choose for feeding seedlings?
For feeding in this case liquid or instant fertilizers are suitable. The composition should include: nitrogen (N1), potassium (K), phosphorus (P or P205), meso- and microelements: magnesium, iron, boron, zinc, etc. Fertilizers can be in the form of liquids, tablets, granules or powders. The main thing is that they are intended for liquid plant nutrition.
Very convenient fast dissolving mineral fertilizers. They are available in granular, powder or tablet form and come with detailed recipe instructions to reduce the risk of overdose. In addition, the price of such fertilizers is more democratic than that of the same organomineral complexes. One of the types of such fertilizers are organomineral complexes. These are liquid fertilizers of dark color. They contain humic additives that increase the immunity and vitality of plants. When choosing such a complex for feeding seedlings, please note that the composition should include not only humates, but also mineral components for balanced nutrition plants.
Liquid mineral fertilizers are similar in composition to instant ones, but are sold in the form of a solution. Their advantage is in a convenient dosage, but the price of such fertilizers is higher.
Experienced gardeners often use diluted cow and bird droppings as top dressing for seedlings. But with these fertilizers you need to be very careful. If you make a mistake with the concentration of the litter solution, then you will simply burn the roots and the seedlings will die. Therefore, if you are a beginner gardener, it is better to consult with more experienced relatives or neighbors or buy ready-made fertilizer, and feed the plants with organic matter after planting in open ground.
The most the best top dressing for seedlings - this is top dressing with infusion from medicinal plants. This infusion feeds seedlings and protects against various diseases.
What is the dosage for fertilizing seedlings?
Regarding the dosage of purchased fertilizers, follow the recommendations indicated for feeding seedlings by the manufacturer. Usually, the concentration of fertilizer for feeding seedlings is needed two times lower than when feeding adult plants. Most often, it is 7-10 grams per 10 liters of water (approximately a tablespoon). Using liquid fertilizer dosage may be different.
Important: If the manufacturer indicates the same dosage of fertilizers for seedlings and adult plants, you may have come across low-quality fertilizer that will not bring any harm or benefit. The same concentration in this case can not be.
To grow good healthy seedlings, you can (and should) feed it with biohumus and biococktail.
Biohumus - excellent microbiological fertilizer.
For liquid top dressing of seedlings in a bucket of water room temperature pour a glass of biohumus. Everything is mixed and infused for a day at room temperature.
In addition to beneficial microorganisms, the bio-cocktail contains substances that increase the immunity of plants and accelerate their development.
To prepare a bio-cocktail, take a liter of water and dissolve in it two drops of the drug "NV- 101", two granules of preparations " healthy garden"and" Ecoberin.
Seedlings are small plants that gardeners have high hopes for, because the amount of the crop largely depends on their development. In order to, it needs not only to be watered, but also to be fed.
Feeding rules are as follows:
- Choose the right "nutrition" for your crops.
- The frequency of top dressing is once a decade. Rooted seedlings are not fertilized. Feeding is beneficial only during the period of crop growth.
- Fertilize plants early in the morning or in the evening, but not on a hot afternoon. Make sure that the mixture does not get on the greens and stems - this can cause them to burn.
- Before top dressing, spill the soil well - this will help to distribute the preparations more evenly and protect the roots from burns.
- If the type of plant allows, then try to alternate mineral supplements with organic.
- Better to use ready-made options, since it can be difficult to measure the dose on your own.
- It is necessary to start top dressing only after the first pair of true leaves is formed on the seedling.
Now let's talk about what substances should be in top dressing.
The basis of nutrient solutions for seedlings is phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen. Young seedlings will "like" nitrogen fertilizers. If your plants look good, choose universal means. The lack of some element immediately affects appearance seedlings.
Lack of nitrogen slows down the growth of plants, the leaves become smaller and turn pale, the stems become thin and poorly branched. Salts of nitric acid, as well as ammonium, are used to replenish.
The lack of phosphorus also affects the growth of seedlings. The edges of the leaves turn yellow and fall off. The cultures themselves weaken, their cold resistance and resistance to diseases decrease. Phosphorus can be replenished with superphosphate and phosphoric acid.
Potassium deficiency increases the risk of fungal disease in plants. Seedlings also grow more slowly. The edges and tops of the greenery turn brown and dry out. Feed your green pets with phosphorus and potassium nitrate.
The lack of calcium affects the rate of development of the root system and the growth of the crops themselves. Young leaves and stem tips die off. The leaves first lighten, and then pale yellow spots appear on them. The edges of the greenery begin to curl down, after which they fall off.
Magnesium deficiency is manifested by spotting (marbling) of foliage. First, it brightens between the veins, then turns yellow, curls and falls off. The growth and overall development of seedlings slows down.
If crops lack boron, then the growth of shoots, roots stops, the growth point dies. Young greens darken, and their edges bend down, branches and stems instantly break.
Consider the options for dressing the most common seedlings on our windowsills - pepper seedlings and.
Tomatoes have little nutritious soil - during growth they consume a lot of nutrients.
- Apply the first top dressing only after the appearance of the first true leaves of the seedlings. Use ready-made complex fertilizers with a predominance of nitrogen. You can prepare a nutrient mixture with your own hands by dissolving 4 g of superphosphate, 1.5 g of potassium salt and 0.5 g of urea in a liter of water.
- The second top dressing is needed a couple of weeks after picking. This time you will need a solution of urea (1 tablespoon per bucket of water).
- The last feeding of tomatoes is needed 10 days before transplanting to a permanent place. Now you will need fertilizers with nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.
The first dressing should be root and contain nitrogen and potassium. It can be prepared independently by dissolving in 2 liters of water:
- 1 g of urea;
- 8 g superphosphate;
- 3 g of potassium sulfate.
Before watering, the ground under the peppers can be sprinkled with ash. With subsequent top dressing, these doses are doubled, and the fertilizers themselves are applied every 10-15 days.
Now you know when to fertilize, what kind of top dressing seedlings need, and you can identify signs of a shortage of one or another element. Feed crops properly and your seedlings will be healthy and strong!
It is not always possible, and it is necessary to apply peat tablets or purchased mixtures. Sometimes mixtures are sold enriched, and sometimes they contain only peat, which makes the substrate loose. Then it is advisable to apply top dressing for seedlings. And in order to grow a healthy crop without chemistry, let's figure out which organic fertilizers for seedlings you can make yourself, and which you can just buy.
Feeding seedlings: the timing of application and the rate of dilution of fertilizers without chemicals
As a rule, the first dressing is done when the plants have real leaves. And if you have a lot of seedlings, and you have to dive, then after planting the seedlings, they must be watered with Kornevin or heteroauxin. Stimulation of root formation enables plants to more easily endure stress after transplantation.
Fertilizing the pickled or grown seedlings at home is carried out after 2 weeks, during the period when the plants have 3-4 true leaves. Further top dressing is carried out weekly, alternating fertilizers. Biological preparations with beneficial bacteria (EM ki) can also be added to top dressing.
The feeding calendar should also take into account the type of crop being grown - vegetables can be fed weekly, and flowers need to be fed once every 10-14 days. But in both cases, the norms of dilution of fertilizers must be reduced, since most often they are given for farms, where growing conditions are much worse than indoor ones.
Organic fertilizer for seedlings
Naturally, it is preferable to use natural additives, they do not accumulate in the soil and plants. There is a wide selection on sale these days. organic dressings, and unlike diluted fresh bird droppings or horse manure they don't smell. And the prices don't scare me at all. It is also useful to do top dressing own cooking using potato peelings, banana skins, compost infusion and much more. Let's take a closer look at fertilizers without chemicals.
Ready-made purchased top dressing for seedlings
There are clubs and shops where you can buy both liquid and dry organic fertilizers. It makes no sense to praise one drug before another, and it is impossible to list them all, as there are more and more manufacturers and the range is growing. Here are some of the well-known chemical-free fertilizers:
- Humic fertilizers: GUMI, Lignohumate, GumatEM and others;
- Biocomplex "Healthy Garden";
- Bioton;
- Radiance 1;
- Urgas;
- Biohumus;
- Fermented garden compost (based on horse manure or any other).
Feeding for seedlings with their own hands
At home, you can quickly and easily prepare:
banana top dressing is easy
fertilizer from banana peel : for seedlings, the peel is usually infused for 2-3 days and the plants are watered at the root. Also, banana skins are dried on a battery and crushed. Such a dry fertilizer is great as a component for mulch. garden beds, and it is poured into the holes during planting. Top dressing with banana skins is recommended for all flowering vegetables (tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, cauliflower) and flowering houseplants, as it contains a lot of potassium.- dressing from potato peels: they simply boil the cleanings and cool the decoction rich in starch. Potato peel fertilizer is useful for all vegetable and houseplants in spring and summer. And in summer period it is good to spread the skins used in this way under the currant bushes - she will thank you for this. And, by the way, heat treatment of cleanings will save your garden from the spread of phytophthora.
ash fertilizer can be asked from smoking neighbors
top dressing with ash: two liters of hot water pour 1 tablespoon of ash and stand for a day. Ash fertilizer is rich in potassium and phosphorus, so it is recommended to use it for everyone vegetable crops(except root crops) and indoor plants. By the way, if you didn’t grab some ash from the dacha, you can raid the ashtrays in the entrance, or ask your smoking neighbors - a tablespoon will be typed in just a week.
aquarium water is suitable for feeding seedlings
aquarium water for feeding: As a rule, drained water from freshwater aquariums contains easily digestible organic residues and is quite soft (except for water for African cichlids and some other specialized niches). Passing through the filter and with the help of microorganisms living on aquarium plants, nitrification of waste products of fish occurs. At the same time, the risk of overfeeding seedlings with nitrogen is incomparably less compared to the risk of overdosing with manure top dressing. Using aquarium water is also effective for watering indoor plants.- infusion of biohumus or garden compost: pour half a glass of substrate with water at room temperature (you can use aquarium water) and let it stand for 8-12 hours. This infusion contains full complex nutrients in an easily digestible form, and an overdose of such top dressing is simply excluded. This is the most popular and fairly cheap type of fertilizer without chemicals.
- infusion of onion skins: a handful of onion-garlic skins are poured with boiling water and defended for a day. You can combine the brewing of the husk with ash top dressing. Onion peel tincture is rich not only in nutrients, but also protects plants from harmful insects and fungi, so it is used not only as a fertilizer, but also as a fungicide and repellent.
In moderate doses, resorting to feeding seedlings with nutrient supplements of organic origin, you have little risk that harmful amounts of minerals will accumulate in plants. Carefully monitor the condition of the plants, and if signs of stunting or other "unhealthy" symptoms appear over time, then the causes of this condition may lie in irregular watering, poor lighting or temperature changes. After all, no matter how you feed, at low temperatures or in dry soil, plants do not absorb nutrients well. For feeding, feel free to use some kitchen waste and try to water the seedlings with soft water. Here, for example, where do you usually drain aquarium water, and what fertilizers without chemicals do you have in your arsenal?
