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Secrets of growing mushrooms in your own country house. How and where to grow mushrooms yourself: tips for beginners Mushrooms in the garden growing

White fungus is called the king of the forest, because even the youngest specimens look quite impressive due to the thick stem and fleshy cap. Unfortunately, in recent years, less and less mushrooms are found in the forests. This is also due to climate change, and due to the fact that some mushroom pickers do not collect correctly, which damages the mycelium and reduces yields.

If you don’t have time to go to the forest and look for mushrooms, this does not mean at all that you will have to give up delicious forest mushrooms. You can easily grow them in the country if you use useful tips and the growing instructions given in our article.

The value of white mushrooms is explained by their rarity. Unlike russula and other common species that can grow almost anywhere, boletus requires special soil and climatic conditions for the development of fruiting bodies.

Note: When planning to grow mushrooms in the country, be prepared for the fact that they will have to create the same conditions as in the forest. IN this case you will be able to harvest a rich harvest throughout the season, without leaving the suburban area.

First of all, you should make sure that the fruiting bodies have enough moisture. If the moisture level drops below 60%, they dry out, even if enough moisture is contained in the soil itself.

An equally important role is played by temperature regime. Spores germinate already at +9 degrees, however, for the normal development of fruit bodies, it requires heat - from +19 to +27 degrees. That is why the season for collecting mushrooms most often falls on early warm autumn. Under such conditions, fruiting bodies can germinate and develop within 30 days.

Figure 1. Growing mushrooms in the country

Accordingly, if you manage to create similar conditions on your own suburban area, you can save time and effort by picking mushrooms right in the garden or in the garden (Figure 1). In addition, when planting mushrooms, you will be sure that you are collecting edible specimens, and not poisonous counterparts, which are very skillfully disguised as real porcini mushrooms.

How to grow boletus mushrooms in the country

Temperature and humidity conditions are far from the only condition successful cultivation mushrooms in the country. Since in nature these mushrooms are found mainly in pine forests, birch, oak and aspen groves, at home you should try to reproduce such conditions.

Note: The choice of wood plays an important role because it is the above tree species that have a positive effect on the growth and development of the mycelium.

It is advisable to plant in those places of the site where such trees grow. The advantage should be given to conifers, as they not only contribute to the development of mycelium, but also have an antiseptic and antibacterial effect, destroying pathogens.

It is important that the boletus mycelium cannot stand the proximity to fruit trees and absolutely does not take root. Therefore, if there are no oaks, aspens, pines or birches on your site, just place the mycelium near any wooden building, preferably from conifers. Naturally, you can’t count on huge harvests in this case, but you can quite easily collect enough mushrooms for eating.

How to grow porcini mushrooms in a cellar in the country

The advantage of growing mushrooms is that they practically do not need special lighting conditions. Accordingly, you can cultivate them even in the basement of a private house.

Such growing conditions will allow you to get absolutely full-fledged porcini mushrooms. The only difference will be that due to the lack sunlight the hats of such mushrooms will be slightly lighter than those grown in the forest (Figure 2).

To grow porcini mushrooms in the cellar, you need to follow these recommendations:

1. The floor, walls and ceiling must be concreted so that pathogens do not get into the mycelium. In addition, it is desirable to whitewash the walls slaked lime to prevent the spread of infection indoors.
2. In the basement, it is necessary to equip high-quality natural or supply and exhaust ventilation with which you can control the temperature in the room.
3. The optimal temperature for growing porcini mushrooms is + 12 + 15 degrees. Under such conditions, not only the mycelium will sprout, but the fruiting bodies will evenly develop.
4. In the basement, it is necessary to maintain a stable humidity of 80%. Only in such conditions will porcini mushrooms be large enough and fleshy. If the room is too dry, water containers placed around the perimeter will help increase the humidity.

In addition, all ventilation holes it is desirable to equip mosquito net so that insects do not accidentally get inside, which can damage the crop.

Figure 2. Growing mushrooms in the basement

When the room is ready for planting, you need to additionally prepare equipment and inventory for the cultivation of mushrooms. First of all, you will need a substrate. It can include sunflower husks, dry corn stalks and sawdust of deciduous or coniferous trees. Do not use only sawdust as a material fruit trees, since the boletus mycelium does not get along with them.

Note: Before use, the substrate must be processed hot water and dry. Only under these conditions will you be sure that the soil will not be infected by pests or pathogens.

You will also need porcini mycelium, and it is better to use not self-prepared material, but products produced in a special laboratory. You can also use a mycelium brought from the forest, but an exact guarantee positive result in this case it won't.

You can grow mushrooms in the basement in ordinary boxes or flower pots filled with substrate. Naturally, this process also implies direct sowing of mycelium, which can be carried out in several ways. Since each of them has its own characteristics, we will consider the main ones in more detail.

Planting mushrooms with mycelium

If the vegetation on your site is quite diverse, and includes not only fruit, but also coniferous and deciduous trees, you may well try to grow mushrooms using a mycelium brought from the forest (Figure 3).

Note: It is necessary to plant a mycelium only under the tree of the breed under which it grew in the forest. Otherwise, it will not take root and harvest will not work.

To plant mushroom mycelium in your own summer cottage, follow these instructions:

1. In the selected area under the tree, remove upper layer soil within a radius of 70 cm from the trunk.
2. The depth of the removed soil layer should be 26-28 cm.
3. The resulting recess is filled with a nutrient substrate. It should include soil removed under the tree, some leaves and pine needles, as well as the bark of the tree under which the mycelium will grow.
4. On top of this mixture lay out the mycelium and sprinkle it with a layer of sand and coniferous needles.

Figure 3. Growing from mycelium

After that, you just need to water the area from a watering can and you can expect the appearance of the first mushrooms.

Solution dilution

If you do not know how to properly extract the mycelium from the soil in the forest, you can easily prepare a special planting solution from overripe porcini mushrooms or their caps.

To do this, finely chop the overripe mushrooms, add a tablespoon of flour and the same amount of gelatin to the mixture. Then water is added to the mixture, it is thoroughly mixed and the soil is watered around deciduous or coniferous trees. In this case, mycorrhiza (mushroom root) with the root system of a tree is formed from such a mushroom mixture in the soil, and the first crop of mushrooms can be harvested in two years.

If you use only hats, they need to be washed and filled with spring or rain water for a day. After that, the water is drained, and the caps are ground to a homogeneous mass. Unlike sowing with a solution, when using the slurry of their hats, the soil under the selected tree must be loosened, poured with water that remains after soaking the hats, and after absorbing moisture, evenly distribute the slurry and sprinkle it on top with loose and light soil. Further, the landing site should be regularly, but moderately watered. When using this method, mushrooms germinate much faster than when sowing with a liquid solution.

Burying mushrooms in the field

If you have a large harvest of forest mushrooms, you can always leave a few young specimens to create your own garden. To do this, young porcini mushrooms need to be finely chopped and bury the gruel in the ground near a coniferous or deciduous tree on the site (Figure 4).

Figure 4. Planting a mushroom bed

After this, the area must be watered abundantly. On average, one tree should have about 40 liters of water. However, you should be prepared for the fact that you should not expect a quick crop when using this method, since the first young mushrooms will appear only in the next season. At the same time, the obvious advantage of this method is its high efficiency in combination with minimal cost labor.

Growing porcini mushrooms from mycelium

Much more effective method Growing porcini mushrooms on site is a method that uses special mycelium produced in the laboratory. It is possible to plant such mycelium in the garden already in May, and sowing work can continue until September.

The technology for growing porcini mushrooms from mycelium is as follows:

1. We choose a well-lit and moderately humid area under a tree. In this area, you need to remove the top layer of soil. As a rule, one package of mycelium is designed for an area of ​​​​3 square meters.
2. At the bottom of the formed hole we lay out a layer of pine needles, leaves and tree bark, under which the mycelium will be located. It is important to take into account that the layer of such a substrate should be about 10 cm thick. Sprinkle the substrate with humus on top.
3. We take out the mycelium from the package, mix it with clean sand and evenly distribute it over the substrate. It is also desirable to sprinkle it on top with a layer of humus, since otherwise the planting material can be washed away by rainwater. On average, the top layer of humus should be 4.5 cm.
4. The sown area needs to be watered. For this you can use like drip irrigation, and the minimum watering can.

In the future, it is necessary to ensure that the site does not dry out, and the crop can be harvested from such a bed for five years.

Reproduction by spores

This breeding method is suitable for those who have already managed to grow a few mushrooms on the site. To increase the colony of porcini mushrooms, their spores should be used. To do this, leave one mushroom so that it is overripe. After that, all the pulp should be selected from its cap (Figure 5).

Figure 5. Cultivation of mushrooms from spores

It should be finely chopped with a knife or passed through a meat grinder to form a slurry of a uniform consistency. We spread this mass in a jar or bottle, add 3 teaspoons of sugar, 20 grams of yeast and fill it with spring or rain water. The mixture should be in a warm place for about 2 weeks.

After that, we dilute 150 grams of gruel in 10 liters of water and filter through several layers of gauze. With the resulting liquid, you just need to pour the soil around the tree or in the beds with strawberries. In order for the spores to penetrate deep into the soil, after such a peculiar sowing, it is necessary to additionally irrigate the site. With this method, the crop will appear in about a year.

What to do so that the mycelium takes root

It often happens that even if all technological recommendations, the mycelium does not take root on the site.

To speed up the healing process, follow these tips:

1. If you are going to bring mycelium from the forest, choose mycelium that grows near the types of trees that you plan to use for planting on your own site.
2. When using the sowing technology from overripe mushrooms or their caps, immediately after harvesting, the mushrooms should be soaked. From the moment of collection to soaking, no more than 10 hours should pass, since both the mushrooms themselves and their spores quickly decompose. Growing a mushroom bed from frozen mushrooms will not work.
3. When soaking the future seed in water, it is advisable to add sugar or alcohol, since these substances contribute to the rapid engraftment of the mycelium. When using alcohol, it is first mixed with water (3-4 tablespoons per 10 liters of water) and only after that in ready mix put out hats. If you use sugar, then for 10 liters of water you will need 50 grams of granulated sugar.

Landing is possible from May to September. If you carry out the procedure later, the mycelium, most likely, will not take root, as it will not have time to grow and get stronger before the onset of autumn frosts. In addition, the area where you will plant boletus mushrooms, it is desirable to process disinfectant solution to destroy pathogenic microorganisms in the soil.

How to grow porcini mushrooms outdoors

Despite the fact that many summer residents prefer to grow porcini mushrooms in boxes or pots placed in the basement, cultivation in the basement can be no less successful. open field(Figure 6).

The success of this venture depends on several factors:

1. Choose an area with little shade. It is desirable that the light be diffused: this way the fruiting bodies will develop more evenly.
2. The soil must be kept constantly moderately moist. If you do not have the opportunity to regularly water the site, install a drip irrigation system on it.
3. In order to improve the quality and quantity of the crop, it is advisable to introduce a growth activator into the soil in the spring.
4. In order for the mycelium to form high-quality mycorrhiza with the root of a tree, it is advisable to plant the mycelium no further than half a meter from the trunk.

Figure 6. Outdoor cultivation

In addition, so that the mycelium does not dry out, planting is best done on a cool day, from May to September. It is also important to remember that growing porcini mushrooms in open ground near fruit trees will not work. For this purpose, only forest coniferous or deciduous species are suitable. If there are no such plantings on your site, you can always sow mycelium near wooden buildings or stacked logs.

An effective way to plant porcini mushrooms in a summer cottage is shown in the video.

Four reasons why they prefer mushrooms grown in their summer cottage:

• Ecological cleanliness;
• Lack of competition with other mushroom pickers;
• Mushrooms on garden plot resistant to diseases, improve the ecology of the site;
• The result is almost independent of the weather.

Mushrooms are planted from late May to September. Planting material is obtained in three ways: transplanting mycelium, planting mycelium, mushroom seedlings (hats).

How to transfer the mycelium

The mushroom picker is carefully dug up in the forest. The method is completely illegal and we do not recommend it. Except for those cases where there is cutting down.

For planting mushrooms, choose a shaded place under deciduous or coniferous tree. Around the trunk at a distance of 20-30 cm, the top layer of the earth is removed to a depth bayonet shovel. Compost from leaves and wood dust is laid at the bottom. Compost is spilled with water, covered with a layer of earth. Spread the mycelium, water and cover with fallen leaves.

The first two weeks and in dry weather, the mycelium is watered every day. For watering, use a hose with a spray nozzle or a watering can with a divider. Then watering depending on weather conditions can be reduced, but on average, at least 1 standard bucket of water per well per week is needed for the growth of mycelium.

Planting mushrooms with mycelium

This method is more reliable. Buy mycelium in specialized stores. Attached to the substrate step-by-step instruction with detailed explanations of where and how to plant mycelium and how to care for it. If everything is done correctly, mushrooms will appear next year.

However, before buying, do not be too lazy to read everything, otherwise our friend gave us her purchase - she does not have an adult pine or spruce on the site, she also managed to buy camelina mycelium.

In general, after all, what we call a mushroom is only the fruiting body of a colossal organism. The mycelium itself is underground, and it is a much larger and invisible organism, consisting of hyphae - incredibly long and fragile cells like roots. Intertwining, hyphae form a mycelium. There were cases that a huge developed mycelium lived and flourished underground for 40 years, without forming fruiting bodies. There is an assumption that when entering into symbiosis with higher plants, the mycelium has nothing to throw the fruiting body to the surface - it is provided with good nutrition and feels good. The fruiting body is needed only for reproduction, when the mycelium lives tight and you need to change your place of residence.

Unlike plants, fungi cannot independently transform solar energy in food, they are devoid of chlorophyll. Therefore, most edible mushrooms obtain energy in one of 2 ways: saprophytic (that is, decomposing dead plant residues) or mycorrhizal (that is, penetrating into the roots of living plants).

Saprophytes include: mushrooms, shiitake, oyster mushrooms. Breeding them in the country is easier compared to forest mushrooms. Their spores are introduced into suitable dead organics (logs, organic fibers, manure) and a warm and humid regime is maintained for their germination.

Forest mushrooms often require living and very old trees for their germination. And although this is clearly written on the packages with mycelium, many gardeners do not take this into account. And even if the mycelium takes root, no one can guarantee the receipt of fruiting bodies in the country - the mycelium lives and dies along with its symbiont, that is, a tree. And it is not a fact that in their joint plans there is a desire to feed the owner of the summer cottage with their fruiting bodies (mushrooms).

How to get mushroom seedlings?

To obtain mushroom seedlings, the caps are crushed and poured with water for a day. The earth around the tree is loosened with a flat cutter, adding mature compost. The resulting solution is poured over the prepared area. Sprinkle leaves of forest trees on top.

Important! Hats should not be dried or frozen. In order for the spores to germinate, it is advisable to use the caps within a few hours.

By the way, the waste of fruiting bodies from your own plantation also needs to be insisted and watered with an already planted mushroom bed under a tree.

Basic rules for caring for mycelium:

1. Digging is not used at the summer cottage (at least 2-3 years).
2. Plant and food waste is constantly returned to the garden.
3. The soil must not be dry. The mushroom planting site requires constant watering.
4. In the spring, biostimulants are introduced into the soil. They accelerate the growth of mushrooms, strengthen them immune system, increase yields and shorten the growing cycle. You can buy bioadditives in stores selling seeds and related products.
5. Mushrooms feed on the roots of trees, so the mycelium is placed in the immediate vicinity of the trunk.
6. Planting mushrooms in evening time days or cloudy weather.

Experience in the use of mycelium for the benefit of higher plants

Constantly introducing sawdust mulch, Altai microbiologist A. Kuznetsov uses and actively promotes agricultural technology based on the ability of fungi to form a symbiotic relationship with higher plants. He noticed that in the old abandoned orchards there are pigs, volnushki, milk mushrooms, russula. In such gardens, trees and berries do not get sick, young seedlings begin to bear fruit faster. Even demanding remontant strawberry varieties in such conditions do not need to renew the plantation every 4 years:

If the appropriate conditions are created, then cultivated plants they do not even grow their own nourishing roots, but use external fungal mycorrhiza (mushroom root) for drinking and nutrition. Mycorrhiza for garden plants It is also good because it is perennial and, in addition to nutrition and water, gives plants valuable enzymes, hormones, immunostimulants, and even maintains a kind of information connection between plants.

There are many publications of Alexander Ivanovich on the network, there is also a forum where he gives live explanations and recommendations on mushroom agricultural technology, irrigation, cuttings, proven varieties of fruit and berry crops your nursery. The previous 2 photos are from there. So what is it practical advice thoughtful land Dealer, do not be too lazy to look through his materials before growing mushrooms in the country.

What else to add for keen mushroom growers-summer residents? Yes, in large metropolitan areas there are also such options when mycorrhiza of fungi is sold immediately with a symbiont plant, they are easiest to grow in the country, they themselves would be happy to buy such beauty, admire:

Interestingly, due to the low calorie content of mushrooms, nutritionists do not attach importance to them as an important source of nutrition. At the same time, mushrooms provide us with minerals and vitamins, as well as essential amino acids, which give some of them a taste reminiscent of meat.

Growing mushrooms in the country and in the garden requires certain skills. For their acquisition, perhaps, it is better to start with oyster mushrooms. It is a saprophytic fungus that does not form mycorrhiza and is quite resistant to diseases so that it can be grown even in winter in suitable premises on a substrate of sawdust or small logs. And if the purpose of mushroom cultivation is not only food, then take a closer look at mycorrhiza-forming mushrooms for summer cottages.

Learn to grow real Forest mushrooms at your cottage or personal plot It seems like a rather difficult task, but in fact, the task is quite doable.

Boletus and aspen mushrooms, boletus, chanterelles and porcini mushrooms that you yourself have grown will delight you with nutritious dishes in summer and delicious preservation in winter.

The big advantage of such mushrooms, unlike purchased ones, is the confidence that they are grown without the addition of chemicals, in an environmentally friendly place.

For the successful cultivation of mushrooms in the country, it is necessary to create certain conditions: on the site there should be trees of the same species as the trees near which the mushrooms grew in nature.

Mycelium (mushroom root) penetrates into root system tree, receiving food and giving away excess moisture. A close relationship is established, which fungal spores "remember". Most often, such trees become: birch, aspen, pine, spruce or oak. Two or three trees are enough on your site to create a favorable microclimate.

The cultivation of wild mushrooms depends not only on proper fit but also on other factors: weather conditions, natural precipitation, average daily temperature. Under favorable conditions, the first harvest can be harvested the next year, and this harvest can be 2-3 kg of mushrooms per 1 sq.m. your garden.

To grow forest mushrooms on the site, several methods are used. They are suitable for receiving planting material, and for the direct cultivation of the fungus.

Method 1 - Grind and sprinkle

The easiest way to sow white fungus, boletus and boletus:

1. in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe root system of the tree, remove a layer of soil, approximately 10 cm
2. chop the young mushrooms, which consist of their mycelium filaments
3. scatter finely chopped mushrooms in place of the removed soil
4. cover everything on top with a layer of moist leafy or spruce compost
5. as it dries, the shelter must be moistened.

You will receive the first harvest (in several mushrooms) in the next season.

Method 2 - Move the soil layer

One of the easiest ways to grow forest mushrooms (butter, camelina, boletus, boletus) is to transfer the top layer of soil, along with the sprouted mycelium, from the forest to the summer cottage:

• mark the place in the forest where the mushroom you like grows
• at the end of the season, remove a layer of soil, about a shovel bayonet, and transfer to the site
• the time between soil removal and planting should be kept to a minimum to avoid drying out.

Important: pay attention that inedible mushrooms do not grow nearby. Make sure the soil is not infested with their spores. The fungus is more likely to thrive under the same type of tree you took the soil from.

Method 3 - Mushroom "seedlings"

This method is more complicated, but brings best result, since the seeds (mycelium) of the fungus will be adapted to planting and have a sufficient food base.

1. choose old, overgrown mushrooms
2. put them in a container or bucket
3. fill with rainwater or well water (do not use tap water)
4. put the container in dark room with a constant temperature of approximately 20 degrees for several days. After a while, the mushrooms will spread on the threads.
5. add gelatin and wheat flour to the mixture, one tablespoon each, stirring wooden spoon or a stick
6. spill this solution on the area that you set aside for growing mushrooms.

After a year, the spores of the fungus will germinate, penetrate the root system of the tree, and after 2-3 years they will begin to bear fruit.

There is another option for awakening spores: after you chop and pour old mushrooms with water, you need to add "French" (dry) yeast to this mixture at the rate of 2 teaspoons per 1 liter of mixture.

After a month, the pulp of the mushrooms will settle to the bottom, and you can use the resulting liquid for sowing. Keep in mind that the solution is concentrated. For sowing, add 1 cup of the solution to a barrel of water.

After that, you can start sowing mushrooms: using garden watering can shed trunk circles those trees under which mushrooms will grow.

Method 4 - Replanting trees

The longest and most laborious way. It consists in transplanting several young trees from the forest, near which the mushrooms we need have already grown, into the garden. Here you need to be patient, because the harvest will take quite a long time, several years.

Although the method is not simple, but thanks to it, you can grow the most complex mushrooms, for example, butterdish, which will bear fruit from May to September. All in all, worth the effort!

When growing forest mushrooms, you should follow a few tips. They will help you, no matter which method of planting mushrooms you choose:

1. for landing, choose the coolest time of day
2. the soil must be constantly moist. If possible, organize drip irrigation
3. place the landing site in dense shade, within a radius of a meter from the tree trunk
4. in the spring, apply fertilizer with a growth activator to the soil
5. The best time for planting mycelium is the period from late summer to early autumn
6. forest mushrooms do not take root well under fruit trees

Method 5 - Oyster mushroom

Of all the mushrooms, the most not picky and does not require special care is oyster mushroom. Recently, many enterprises have appeared that breed, grow and sell planting material - a sterile grain mycelium.

Oyster mushroom naturally grows on dead wood, preferring birch and poplar. For self-cultivation you will need to prepare chocks of hardwood no more than 30 cm long and at least 15 cm wide. Soak them in water for two days. In the prepared logs, drill holes at least 10 cm deep or make cuts with a saw. These holes are filled with moistened mycelium.

Usually the mushrooms you transplanted from natural environment habitats, begin to bear fruit at the same time as their forest "brothers", but under favorable conditions, the harvest can be several times larger. Do not be afraid to experiment, as well as be patient, and you can create a real forest glade on your site.

Published by DecorateMe. Updated 31 Jan 2019 .

: salted milk mushrooms, fried chanterelles, soup with dried porcini ... Mushroom "quiet hunting" is a special pleasure, but even more pleasant when mushrooms grow right on your site. In this article, we will talk about proven methods for growing any mushrooms at home - from unpretentious oyster mushrooms to capricious porcini and boletus.

How to grow oyster mushrooms

FORUMHOUSE user _ JG_ infected poplar, aspen, birch and maple near the house with grain mycelium of oyster mushroom. In the first year best harvest received from maple and aspen, the worst - from birch. home growing oyster mushrooms, in his experience, has the following feature:

JG_ FORUMHOUSE user

The yield will be proportionally larger due to the high density of wood ( more lignin, which feeds on the mycelium). The peak of the harvest is in the 2nd year, so I'll look at the results.

Before infecting the stump with oyster mushroom mycelium, experts advise to prepare: steam the wood to kill all pathogenic flora and fauna. To a greater extent, this applies to old stumps and dry logs. If you infect the stumps and chocks of freshly cut trees (literally: cut down a tree and immediately infected), then, according to the experience of FORUMYOUSE users, in nine cases out of ten the result of this process will be successful. That's how it does _JG_:

• chocks are taken no longer than a meter, diameter - from 20 centimeters;
• a dozen hollows are drilled in a chock;
• the holes are clogged with mycelium and covered with plasticine on top;
• after the chock is evenly covered with aerial mycelium over the entire surface of the cuts (a white film, similar to mold), it is ready for planting;
• chock is planted in the garden in the most shaded and wet place, in the heat, hemp is watered, that's all the care. In the first year, a bucket of mushrooms gives 4-5 stumps, in the second year a bucket can be collected already from one or two stumps.

If we are talking about very small proportions, like “I want to try to grow oyster mushrooms at home, in a bag on the balcony”, you don’t need to be smart with stumps. the optimal substrate would be the straw of any cereal or a bag of husks from sunflower seeds. Experts say that there may be fewer mushrooms on a homogeneous substrate than on a multi-component one, but it's easier to adapt to the technology.

Everyone who grew oyster mushrooms notes that homemade mushrooms are tastier than store-bought ones - the taste depends on the quality of the substrate. More about how to grow oyster mushrooms: they taste better on stumps than on straw or sunflower seed husks. Some people don't like the mustard flavor that these mushrooms have, which can be eliminated by frying them until the moisture has evaporated before cooking.

Garry he grew oyster mushrooms on short poplar logs and soaked them in a barrel of water for three days before infection with mycelium. After such a water treatment, he put hemp one on top of the other, it turned out three meter pyramids, three chocks in each. To prevent the pyramids from falling apart, sticks were hammered along the edges.

The pyramids were installed in the dampest part of the site, under the brambles behind the barn. Garry he came to the dacha only on weekends, therefore, in order to avoid drying out, each pyramid was wrapped in a film, and near it, at the foot of the pyramid, they put a jar of water. The film was shot in wet weather. In the fall, the film was filmed completely. These pyramids bore fruit for five years, of which three years were abundant.

Forest mushrooms on the site

Everyone probably had to grind with their hands dried mushrooms and scatter around the site, in the hope that the fungi reproduce by spores. Sometimes the result, indeed, was, and several mushrooms grew. But in general, white and other "noble" mushrooms are right on home plot bred in three ways. The main thing is to create conditions on the site that are as close to natural as possible, and for planting material, you can use the mycelium, and hats, and the legs of overripe cut mushrooms, and chopped dried mushrooms. plant mushrooms better in autumn- this greatly increases the likelihood of a good harvest.

The first way: mushrooms under the leaves

For this method, it is ideal if there is a small grove (5-7 trees together) of birches, aspens, oaks, hazels, pines or fir trees on the site. In autumn, in this grove, leaves and branches should be raked into a pile and pieces of mushroom caps should be planted under them.

The second way: mushrooms in pockets

• take mature mushrooms of a week old;
• separate the tubular part with spores;
• chop it into pieces up to two centimeters in size;
• dry for a couple of hours in the sun under a gauze awning - do not skip this step;
• at this time, make pockets in the turf;
• put two or three pieces of mushroom in each pocket.

You can go to pick mushrooms in this place in the second or third year.

The third way: mushrooms in the nutrient mixture

• We prepare a nutrient mixture: we collect fallen oak leaves, rotten oak wood, horse dung(clean, no bedding). The proportions are: 90% leaves, 5% wood, 5% manure.
• We lay out all the components in layers on a flat area: sprinkle a layer of leaves 20 cm high with wood and manure, pour it with a 1% solution of ammonium nitrate. We do the same for the second, third and subsequent layers.
• Leave the mixture for a week or 10 days. During this period of time, it should warm up to 25-40 degrees. Then we shovel it to a homogeneous mass.
• We are preparing a recess for laying the mixture. In a shaded area, we remove a layer of earth up to 2 m wide and up to 30 cm deep.
• We put the finished nutrient mixture in the recess with a layer of 10-12 cm, on top of 6-8 cm of earth from the garden, we also make subsequent layers. The total height of all layers should not exceed half a meter. In the center, the mushroom bed should be slightly higher than at the edges: this will ensure the flow of water and help avoid waterlogging.

Seedlings will be pieces of mycelium that we bring from the forest. For this we:

• go to the forest, find White mushroom;
• shovel or sharp knife cut out a rectangle of earth around the mushroom: side length - 20-30 cm, height - 10-15 cm;
• cut the rectangle into 5-10 identical pieces and plant them in the holes prepared in the mushroom bed; at the bottom of the hole above a piece of wood there should be a layer of earth 5-7 cm high;
• the pits should be staggered, at a distance of at least 30 cm from each other;
• beds with mushroom seedlings are moderately moistened and covered with leaves to maintain a constant level of humidity.

Hope Afan grows boletus on his plot in a nutrient mixture of starch and gelatin.

Mixture recipe: 10 liters of water, 2 tablespoons of starch, a bag of gelatin, 5 old boletus. Chop the boletus, combine with the rest of the ingredients, leave for three days. Pour 3 liters of the old mixture (this is important point) birch.

Mushrooms from the box

Most types of mushroom growing technologies are designed for large volumes that are not suitable even for an amateur mini-farm. It is necessary to properly prepare and pasteurize compost, grow mycelium, a room with the appropriate temperature, lighting, more suitable air humidity and other conditions. Many online stores sell mini-gardens for growing mushrooms. You can buy, grow quickly, enjoy yourself and please your children. This is nothing more than a toy, it will not work to collect kilograms of crops, but it is very interesting. Such a mini-garden grew in Katya2013.

Katya2013

Since I spend most of my time at work, mushrooms grew in the office. The main thing is to withstand the humidity and temperature conditions and follow the instructions, then there will be a result, as in the photo.

Do you like picking mushrooms, but is it too far to go to real mushroom places? You can try sowing mushrooms in the country. There are several ways to breed them - transplanting mycelium, growing from mycelium. We will talk about how to sow mushrooms the most in a simple way- with the help of mushroom seedlings.

First you need to prepare the seedlings themselves. This is done as follows: we take the caps of overripe mushrooms, finely chop them or grind them in a meat grinder, put them in a bottle of water.

In order for fungal spores to wake up, they must be affected by an aggressive environment. We create it by adding dry yeast in powder to the water - a couple of spoons will be enough.

For five days we do not touch this bottle, in which something happens, then we open it. The pulp of mushrooms that has settled to the bottom is not useful. But the water itself, which has already been properly “infused”, is poured into a separate bowl. This will be our seed solution.

This solution is very concentrated (in one mushroom there are a billion spores, no less), so it must be diluted in a certain proportion. Attention! For a 200-liter barrel of water we take 1 glass of mushroom infusion.

It is very good if those types of trees grow on the site that this mushroom “loves” and near which it usually grows in the forest. If we made seedlings of boletus, we pour it near birches. If we made seedlings of white fungus, then, ideally, we need to water the ground next to the oak with it. Well, or some other suitable tree. The earth must first be dug up and properly fertilized with compost. After watering the ground with mushroom seedlings, it is best to sprinkle this place with leaves.

If you do not have suitable forest trees in your country house, mushrooms can still grow. Try to plant them next to wooden buildings from the shadow side. White mushrooms should be sown away from fruit trees- such a neighborhood white fungus does not approve.

There is no dacha - you can sow mushrooms somewhere else, for example, in a neighboring forest. There since the right trees there will be no problems, but there is a high probability that someone else will pick your mushrooms.